Transient analysis of a new outer-rotor permanent-magnet brushless DC drive using circuit-field-torque coupled time-stepping finite-element method

In this paper, a new outer-rotor permanent magnet (PM) brushless dc drive is designed and analyzed. To enable this drive applicable to electric vehicles, its transient performances at both normal and flux-weakening operations are particularly focused. The distinct feature in design is due to the new motor configuration including the outer-rotor topology, the multipole magnetic circuit and the full slot-pitch coil span arrangement. The distinct feature in analysis is due to the development of the circuit-field-torque coupled time-stepping finite-element method. The proposed PM brushless dc drive is prototyped. The analysis results are verified by experimental measurement.published_or_final_versio

A novel polyphase multipole square-wave permanent magnet motor drive for electric vehicles

A novel high-power-density permanent magnet (PM) motor drive for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed. The motor is a polyphase multipole square-wave PM motor, which can be classified as a kind of PM brushless DC motor. The distinct features of the proposed motor as compared to those of the conventional PM brushless DC motor are as follows. First, the multipole magnetic circuit arrangement enables the minimization of the magnetic yoke, resulting in the reduction of motor volume and weight. Second, the coil span is purposely designed to be equal to one slot pitch, thus saving the amount of copper used. Third, by using a fractional number of slots per pole per phase, the arrangement of the numbers of poles and slots is so unique that the magnetic force between the stator and the rotor at any rotating position is uniform, hence eliminating the cogging torque that usually occurs in PM motors. Finally, the motor can be controlled to operate at a constant torque region and a constant power region with field weakening, thus both high starting torque and high cruising speed can be achieved. Therefore, as the proposed motor drive possesses the distinct advantages of high power density, high efficiency, and superior dynamic performance, it is very suitable for EV applications. A prototype of a five-phase 22-pole 5 kW motor drive has been designed for an experimental EV.published_or_final_versio

Optimal-efficiency control for constant-power operation of phase-decoupling permanent-magnet brushless motor drives

In this paper, a control approach to optimize the system efficiency of phase-decoupling (PD) permanent-magnet (PM) brushless motor drives during constant-power operation is presented. The approach is to adaptively adjust the advanced conduction angle to minimize the total system losses for a given operation point in the constant-power region. The corresponding minimum total losses are determined by minimizing the input current for a fixed voltage source. Both computer simulation and experimental results are given for illustration.published_or_final_versio

A new surface-inset, permanent-magnet, brushless dc motor drive for electric vehicles

A new five-phase, surface-inset, permanent-magnet (PM), brushless dc motor drive is proposed in this paper. The motor drive has advantages of both the PM brushless dc motor drive and the dc series motor drive. The originlity is that the air-gap flux of the motor is generated by both the PM excitation and the specially controlled stator currents (two particular phases) under the same PM pole. The motor configuration and principle of operation are so unusual that the magnetic field distribution and steady-state performance are analyzed by the finite-element method (FEM). Experimental results for a prototype verify that the proposed motor drive is promising for modern electric vehicle applications.published_or_final_versio

Novel wide range speed control of permanent magnet brushless motor drives

This paper presents a novel approach for wide range speed control of permanent magnet (PM) brushless motor drive, including both sinewave and squarewave versions. As compared with conventional flux-weakening control, the approach takes definite advantages that it can be applied to the squarewave PM brushless motor drive directly, and even to the motor drive with negligible mutual inductances between phase windings. Moreover, it is easier to implement than flux-weakening control because no coordinate transformation is needed. The key of this approach is to make use of the transformer EMF in such a way that it weakens the rotational EMF when the motor operate above the base speed, leading to achieve constant-power operation. Computer simulation and experimental results show that the proposed approach works well.published_or_final_versio

Design and analysis of a new multiphase polygonal-winding permanent-magnet brushless dc machine

In this paper, a new multiphase polygonal-winding permanent-magnet brushless dc (PMBDC) machine is proposed anal analyzed. The originality of the proposed machine lies on the multiphase polygonal-winding stator anal the surface-inset permanent-magnet rotor. Because of its unique structure and operating principle, a circuit-field-torque coupled time stepping finite-element method is also employed for analysis. The designed machine is prototyped and the analysis is verified by experimentation.published_or_final_versio

Novel permanent magnet motor drives for electric vehicles

Novel permanent magnet (PM) motor drives have been successfully developed to fulfil the special requirements for electric vehicles such as high power density, high efficiency, high starting torque, and high cruising speed. These PM motors are all brushless and consist of various types, namely rectangular-fed, sinusoidal-fed, surface-magnet, buried-magnet, and hybrid. The advent of novel motor configurations lies on the unique electro-magnetic topology, including the concept of multipole magnetic circuit and full slot-pitch coil span arrangements, leading to a reduction in both magnetic yoke and copper, decoupling of each phase flux path, and hence an increase in both power density and efficiency. Moreover, with the use of fractional number of slots per pole per phase, the cogging torque can be eliminated. On the other hand, by employing the claw-type rotor structure and fixing an additional field winding as the inner stator, these PM hybrid motors can further provide excellent controllability and improve efficiency map. In the PM motors, by purposely making use of the transformer EMF to prevent the current regulator from saturation, a novel control approach is developed to allow for attaining high-speed constant-power operation which is particularly essential for electric vehicles during cruising. Their design philosophy, control strategy, theoretical analysis, computer simulation, experimental tests and application to electric vehicles are described. © 1996 IEEE.published_or_final_versio

The effects of aging on respiratory ciliary function

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