Écrire sa filiation : Du Père au Livre dans la Correspondance et La Tentation de saint Antoine de Gustave Flaubert

À la lumière de la Correspondance de Flaubert et de son roman La Tentation de saint Antoine, l’article montre comment l’écrivain trouve à concilier son désir d’écrire et l’exigence – persécutrice – de rigueur paternelle à laquelle son nom le confronte, en s’inscrivant fictivement dans l’ordre d’une filiation substitutive dont le Livre constitue le point de perspective.Reading Gustave Flaubert’s Correspondence and his novel The Temptation of St. Anthony (La Tentation de saint Antoine), this article will show how the writer finds a substitute father and a filiation within the ideal figure of the Book, which has a tyrannical power over the writer and his art

Inside the Clinician’s Mind: Understanding the Counseling Process When Working with Survivors of Domestic Violence

The present study examined helping professionals’ perspectives concerning the issues of domestic violence in the counseling profession, including best practices for treating the population, the needs of the population, counselor training, difficulties in treating these clients, and counselor self-care. The rigorous nature of a counseling graduate program does not often allot extensive training in treating domestic violence victims. It is necessary to consider the perspectives of those clinicians who work directly with domestic violence when working with this population given that evidence-based practices are sparse. This qualitative study analyzed findings derived from individual, semi-structured interviews with ten clinicians. Findings produced several major domains including: the significant role of counselor as self, how the counselor lens impacts client work, and the degree to which clinicians are underprepared and to which clients are underserved. The findings of this study are salient in informing future research in domestic violence and the training required to treat this population

Classical Horizontal Inequity and Reranking: an Integrated Approach

The last 20 years have seen a significant evolution in the literature on horizontal inequity (HI) and have led to two major and "rival" methodological strands, namely, classical HI and reranking. We propose in this paper a class of ethically flexible tools that integrate these two strands. This is achieved using a measure of inequality that merges the well-known Gini coefficient and Atkinson index, and that allows a decomposition of the total redistributive effect of taxes and transfers into a vertical equity effect, a loss of redistribution due to classical HI, and a loss of redistribution due to reranking. An inequality-change approach and a money-metric cost-of-inequality approach are developed. The latter approach makes aggregate classical HI decomposable across socio-economic groups and percentiles. As in recent work, equals are identified through a nonparametric estimation of the joint density of gross and net incomes. An illustration using Canadian data from 1981 to 1994 shows a substantial, and increasing, robust erosion of redistribution attributable both to classical HI and to reranking, but does not reveal whether reranking is more or less important than classical HI, since this requires a judgement that is fundamentally normative.Horizontal inequity, Reranking, Tax equity, Inequality, Canadian tax and transfer system

Awareness regarding eye donation among stakeholders in Srikakulam district in South India

Background There is a huge need for the availability of transplantable donor corneas worldwide to reduce the burden of corneal blindness due to corneal opacity. Voluntary eye donation depends on the awareness levels of various stakeholders in the community. This study aimed to assess the awareness level regarding eye donation among various stakeholders in Srikakulam district in the state of Andhra Pradesh, India. Methods 355 subjects were selected from the district using multi stage random sampling. A pre tested semi structured questionnaire was used to collect information regarding each individual’s awareness, knowledge, and perception regarding eye donation. Each response was scored individually and a total score was calculated. Univariate and multivariate regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with willingness towards eye donation and increased awareness levels. Results Of the 355 subjects interviewed, 192 (54%) were male and 163 (46%) were female. The mean age of the stakeholders was 35.9 years (SD ±16.1) and all the study subjects were literate. Ninety-three percent of subjects were aware of the concept of eye donation. Knowledge levels were similar among the teaching community and persons engaged in social service, but lower among students (p < 0.05). Among the stakeholders, there was considerable ambiguity regarding whether persons currently wearing spectacles or suffering from a chronic illnesses could donate their eyes. Older age group (p < 0.001), female gender (p < 0.001) and education (p < 0.001) were associated with increased knowledge levels. 82% of the subjects were willing to donate their eyes and this was unaffected by gender or geographical location (rural vs urban). Conclusions Awareness levels and willingness to donate eyes are high among the stakeholders in Srikakulam district in India. The services of stakeholders could be utilized, in conjunction with other community based eye donation counselors, to promote awareness regarding eye donation among the general population

La composante parentale d’un programme d’éveil numérique destiné aux enfants de milieu socioéconomiquement faible du niveau de la maternelle représente-t-elle une valeur ajoutée ?

Cette étude a pour but d’évaluer l’impact à court terme d’un volet parental inhérent à un programme d’éveil numérique offert à la maternelle aux enfants de milieu socioéconomiquement faible. Nos résultats indiquent que la participation conjointe des parents et des enfants dans le programme (groupe expérimental) semble avoir favorisé, chez les enfants, une meilleure connaissance des nombres comparativement aux enfants n’ayant bénéficié que du volet enfant. Des résultats peu concluants ont néanmoins été observés entre le groupe expérimental et un deuxième groupe d’enfants soumis exclusivement au volet enfant et dont les parents ne se sont jamais présentés aux ateliers-parents auxquels ils s’étaient pourtant inscrits (groupe consentement-comparaison). Différents facteurs potentiels pouvant expliquer ces conclusions sont discutés.The aim of this study is to evaluate the short-term impact of the parental component of a program to develop number awareness for kindergarten children in low socio-economic milieu. The results show that participation of both parents and children in the program (experimental group) led to better children’s understanding of numbers comparative to those children who only had the child component of the program. Some tentative results were noted between the experimental group and a second group of children who participated only in the child component, since their parents did not attend parent workshops in which they were enrolled (agreement-comparison group). The authors discuss various potential factors to explain these conclusions.Este estudio tiene por propósito evaluar el impacto a corto plazo de un aspecto parental inherente a un programa de despertar numérico impartido a la maternal a niños de medio socioeconómico bajo. Nuestros resultados indican que la participación conjunta de los padres y de los niños en el programa (grupo experimental) parece haber favorecido, en los niños, un mejor conocimiento de los números en comparación con niños que sólo beneficiaron del aspecto niño. Sin embargo, se observaron resultados poco significativos entre el grupo experimental y un segundo grupo de niños sometidos exclusivamente al aspecto niño y cuyos padres nunca se presentaron a los talleres-padres pese a que se habían inscritos (grupo consentimiento-comparación). Por terminar, se comentan diversos factores potenciales que pueden explicar estas conclusiones