Systematics and Relationships of Fallugia (Rosoideae—Rosaceae)

The paper presents a systematic monograph of Fallugia (Rosoideae, Rosaceae) consisting of one variable species, Fallugia paradoxa. Morphological, cytological and molecular data clearly support its relationship with Geums.l. rather than Purshia-Cowani, with which it is often allied. The species was named twice independently in 1825 from the specimens and drawings, respectively, assembled by Sessé and Mociño for their proposed Flora Mexicana. The paper discusses the nomenclatural history, morphological variation, and the polygarno-dioecious mode of reproduction of the species. No infraspecific taxa are recognized

Perceived Economic Pressures and Farmer Ethics

We consider the effect of perceived economic pressures on the ethical attitudes of farmers. We hypothesize that an increase in the economic pressures a farmer faces could result in that farmer being more tolerant of unethical conduct than farmers not experiencing economic pressures. To test this hypothesis, we use data from a survey of 3,000 Missouri farmers with farm sales in excess of $10,000 in 2005 in which farmers were asked how acceptable they considered various unethical or questionable farming practices. The survey also contained questions designed to measure perceived economic pressures. We find evidence that economic pressures result in a greater willingness of farmers to tolerate unethical conduct, particularly in the case of actions that have the potential of causing harm or that are influenced by law or contract. We also find that the more frequently a farmer reports observing an unethical action, the more acceptable he is of it.Farm Management,

New Species and Transfers into Justicia (Acanthaceae)

Justicia medrani and J. zopilotensis are described as new species while Anisacanthus gonzalezii is transferred into Justicia. The triad all have floral venation similar to red, tubular-flowered species of Justicia, though they differ from most Justicia in their tricolporate pollen with distinct pseudocolpi. In pollen and anther characters they are similar to Anisacanthus and Carlowrightia, but they differ from these in corolla vascularization and anther presentation and from Carlowrightia in corolla size. As the three taxa do not appear to represent a monophyletic group, and as Stearn has placed taxa with similar pollen into what has become a holding genus, Justicia, we include these in Justicia by default until further studies can decipher relationships within the genus

xChiranthofremontia, An Intergeneric Hybrid of Chiranthodendron Pentadactylon and Fremontodendron \u27Pacific Sunset\u27

x Chiranthofremontia lenzii, an intergeneric hybrid between Chiranthodendron pentadactylon and Fremontodendron \u27Pacific Sunset\u27 (Sterculiaceae: Fremontodendreae), was made artifically and is described as a hybrid genus. It shows distinctive intermediacy in floral (particularly androecial) characteristics between the parental taxa

Xerospiraea, A Generic Segregate of Spiraea (Rosaceae) from Mexico

The xeromorphic Mexican spiraeas (S. hartwegiana and S. northcraftii) are shown by cladistic and phenetic analysis to be more closely allied to Petrophytum, Kelseya, and Luetkea than to the more mesophytic Spiraea. Within Spiraea the Mexican spiraeas appear more closely related to the Old World subgenus Metaspiraea. The xeromorphic Mexican spiraeas, as well as Petrophytum, Kelseya and Luetkea, are considered to be New World derivitives of Old World Spiraea subgenus Metaspiraea that have become part of the Madro-Tertiary Geoflora, with each genus achieving some level of xeromorphic adaptation. The Mexican spiraeas are thus considered generically distinct and are placed in a new genus Xerospiraea containing one species X. hartwegiana. The more northern Spiraea northcraflii is placed in synonomy under X. hartwegiana

A New Species of Leucospora (Scrophulariaceae) from the Chihuahuan Desert of Mexico

A new species, Leucospora coahuilensis, is described that is similar to Schistophragma intermedia in vegetative and floral characteristics, but has seed characteristics of Leucospora showing the value of combining the two genera under the latter genus

New Species of Scutellaria (Lamiaceae) from the Chihuahuan Desert Region

Three new species of Scutellaria are described from the Chihuahuan Desert Region of Mexico: S. hintoniorum from western Nuevo León, S. wendtii from eastern Chihuahua, and S. carmenensis from northern Coahuila

A Taxonomic Revision of Chilopsis (Bignoniaceae)

The genus Chilopsis contains one species, C. linearis, with two subspecies: subsp. linearis of the Chihuahuan Desert characterized by erect, straight leaves, and subsp. arcuata of the Sonoran and Mojave deserts with longer, arcuate leaves and other distinguishing characteristics. Populations of subsp. linearis east of the Sierra Madre Oriental in eastern Mexico have woolly stems and are described as a new variety, tomenticaulis. Relationships between Chilopsis and Catalpa are discussed and data are presented supporting continued recognition of Chilopsis as a distinct genus