Lossless Video Compression

Tato bakalářská práce se zabývá bezeztrátovou kompresí videa s použitím 3D predikce. Nejdříve je uvedena nezbytná teorie kolem úpravy obrazových dat a bezeztrátové komprese. Tato část slouží k vymezení důležitých pojmů, které jsou potřeba k samostatné tvůrčí činnosti. Následuje návrh několika variant struktury kodeku, výběr metod k implementaci a popis očekávaných vlastností. Zde lze získat první představu o způsobu fungování kodeku. Poté jsou popsány některé implementační detaily, které pomohou vytvořit přehled o vnitřní architektuře. Vlastnosti výsledného kodeku jsou nakonec otestovány a porovnány s jinými kodeky. Ukázalo se, že vlastní kodek používající 3D predikci dokáže kompresním poměrem překonat všechny ostatní kodeky v testu.This thesis is about the lossless video compression using 3D prediction. At first is introduced the necessary theory about image data modification. This part serves to define important terms, which are needed to start the creative work itself. Then several variants of codec's structure proposals follow, as well as the choice of methods and description of expected characteristics. Here we can get the first idea how the codec works. Then there is a description of some implementation's details, which could give a detailed insight into the codec's inner architecture. In the last part of the work, the implemented codec is tested and its characteristics are compared to another lossless codecs. The result is that the own codec, using the 3D prediction, can defeat all other tested codecs with its compression ratio.

Goldchipelektroden zur elektrochemischen DNA-Detektion

Im folgenden Artikel werden einfache DNA-Sensoren vorgestellt, mit deren Hilfe es durch voltammetrische und impedimetrische Messmethoden möglich ist, schnell, sensitiv und kostengünstig Einzelstrang-DNA (ssDNA) nachzuweisen. Beide Messprinzipien lassen neben der spezifischen Detektion auch die Quantifizierung von DNA-Sequenzen sowie den Nachweis von einzelnen Basenfehlpaarungen innerhalb dieser Sequenzen zu. Fänger- DNA wurde zu diesem Zweck mit dem 5’-Ende auf einer Goldoberfläche immobilisiert. Die Hybridisierung mit einem Methylenblau (MB) markierten oder unmarkierten Probenstrang konnte dann mit Hilfe der Differenzpulsvoltammetrie DPV oder der elektrochemischen Impedanzspektroskopie nachgewiesen werden. Die voltammetrische Quantifizierung erfolgte in einem direkten und kompetitiven Ansatz, mit einem Detektionslimit von 30 nM bzw. 3 nM (bei Einsatz von 0,1 μM Kompetitor- DNA). Das Detektionslimit beim impedimetrischen Nachweis lag bei 100 nM DNA. Die hier vorgestellten Sensoren sind zum einen regenerierbar und können zum anderen über einen Zeitraum von zwei Monaten gelagert werden.This paper describes simplistic electrochemical DNA sensors for the sensitive, more rapid and cost effective detection of single-stranded DNA (ssDNA). The used methodes are the voltammetric detection and the detection by impedance spectroscopy. Beside the specific detection of ssDNA both techniques allow quantification of DNA and verification of single base pair mismatches within the sequences. Therefore a single-stranded 18mer oligonucleotide (DNA) was immobilised via a thiol-linker on gold film electrodes and served as probe DNA. Hybridisation was detected by means of the electroactive redox-marker methylene blue (MB), which was covalently bound to the 5’-end of the target DNA, by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) or by measuring the differences in the charge transfer resistance (RCT) by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) using non-labelled ssDNA targets. MB-labelled target DNA was verified down to 30 nM DNA. By application of a competitive binding assay non-labelled DNA was detected down to 3 nM DNA. The detection limit for impedimetric DNA sensors was 100 nM ssDNA. The sensors were found to be reusable and could be stored for more than two month at 4 °C without significant loss in their activity

Micro-drilling of polymer tubular ultramicroelectrode arrays for electrochemical sensors

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ERK3/MAPK6 promotes triple-negative breast cancer progression through collective migration and EMT plasticity

Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most aggressive subtype of breast cancer, in which epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plasticity is required for successful metastasis. ERK3 has been implicated in promoting breast cancer migration and invasion, but the mechanisms remain elusive. Here, we investigated ERK3 expression across patient-derived datasets and explored its role in promoting EMT plasticity using different 2D and 3D in vitro models to investigate cell-extracellular matrix adhesion, migration and invasion, anchorage-independent growth, extravasation and colonization. We have established an association between ERK3 overexpression and aggressive breast cancer phenotypes, higher tumour plasticity, as informed by its grade, and poor clinical outcomes. Based on the hypothesis that ERK3 contributes to TNBC progression by supporting a partial-EMT state, we showed that ERK3 contributes to different steps of the metastatic process, especially by enabling collective migration but also by modulating other functional aspects related to an active EMT program. In conclusion, our results demonstrate that ERK3 contributes to TNBC progression and potentially metastasis by promoting EMT plasticity and collective migration.</p

Roll-to-Roll pilot line for large-scale manufacturing of microfluidic devices

Roll-to-roll (R2R) technologies with roller-based nanoimprinting methods enable manufacturing of highly cost-effective and large-scale sheets of flexible polymer film with precise structures on a micro- and nanoscale 1. Areas that can benefit strongly from such large scale technologies are microfluidics, biosensors, and lab-on-chip products for point of care diagnostics, drug discovery and food control. Here, R2R fabrication could greatly reduce production costs and increase manufacturing capacity with respect to currently used products. A pilot line with this technology is investigated in the European Horizon 2020 project R2R Biofluidics and its capabilities are tested on two Demonstrators: - Demonstrator 1: In-vitro diagnostic chip with imprinted microfluidic channels based on optical chemiluminescence measurement by photodetectors. - Demonstrator 2: Neuronal cell culture plate with imprinted cavities and channels for controlled culturing and fluorescence imaging of neurons, for high throughput drug screening. Please click Additional Files below to see the full abstract