Impedance Method Used To Calculate Initial Switching Currents in Transmission Networks and Generator Real Power

Switching-on of transmission network elements can bring about high inrush currents in the network elements (lines and transformers) as well as sudden changes in real power of generating units. In order to reduce those disadvantageous effects in modern power systems switching operations are controlled by protection devices referred to as synchro-check. Optimal setting of the synchro-check parameters requires the application of adequate criteria and an efficient method for calculating current changes in lines and generators that result from switching operations. This article proposes a new calculation method based on a nodal impedance matrix. Such a matrix is commonly used for short-circuit analyses. The advantage of the proposed method is that a short-circuit software with an adequate extension can be also applied to the analysis of switching operations

Potential source rocks in the Ropianka Formation of the Magura Nappe (Outer Carpathians, Poland) – geochemical and foraminiferal case study

To optimize exploration for new hydrocarbon accumulations in the Polish Outer Carpathians, it is necessary to concentrate attention on identification of hydrocarbon accumulations of the “shale-gas” type. Results of recently completed analysis suggested new such possible targets in the Magura Basin, preserved in the Outer Carpathian Magura Nappe. Analysis of the preliminary results of paleoenvironmental and geochemical studies of these shales is the subject of this paper. Micropaleontological and geochemical study was conducted on the 300 m thick Świątkowa Member, the uppermost part of the Ropianka Formation located in the external, northernmost Siary Zone. This member is composed of thin- and medium-bedded sandstones interbedded by green, brown, black and dark-gray shales. Poor and changeable oxygenation is reflected in the composition of foraminiferal assemblages. A negative correlation between the TOC content and numbers and diversity of foraminifera is observed. The paleogeographic position and paleoenvironment assessment indicates that the Siary Zone fulfills certain conditions for organic productivity and preservation during the deposition of the Ropianka Formation

The late Vistulian and Holocene evolution of Jezioro Lake : a record of environmental change in southern Poland found in deposits and landforms

Jezioro Lake is the only natural lake in southern Poland outside mountainous areas to have existed continuously since the Pleistocene. The record of environmental change in the Late Vistulian (Weichselian) and Holocene is preserved in the deposits and landforms around the lake. This paper presents the results of paleogeographical and paleoecological research that emabled us to reconstruct the history of the Jezioro Lake. At the end of the Vistulian period, the outlet of the lake was blocked by a parabolic dune moving in from the west. Limnic sedimentation was evident in the sediment core at all levels from the Holocene, with remains of Cladocera, Chironomidae larvae, and aquatic plants. The lake did not disappear at that time, although its area decreased by a factor of 12 by the end of the period. Paleobotanical research permitted the reconstruction of sequences of plant communities and changes in nutrient status and water level. An initial oligotrophic lake, as indicated by the presence of Isoe¨tes lacustris L., changed to a eutrophic lake, as indicated by the presence of Potamogeton natans L. and Nuphar sp., then the lake progressed to the present-day dystrophic lake that is surrounded by a swamp. The profile of organic deposits contains a record of environmental change at least since the Younger Dryas in southern Poland

Automatic Detection of Gaps in Availability of Authoritative Online Content

This disclosure describes techniques to measure authority content gap (ACG), which represents the (lack of) authoritativeness in online content related to individual topics. The ACG metric is defined for various verticals, e.g., health, government services, legal, etc., and can be specific to region, country, language, or time period. The ACG is refreshed periodically, and it can be used in combination with other metrics relating to a content publisher. The ACG is a useful measure in various contexts, e.g., when an unpopular or obscure topic achieves sudden popularity, or when a new topic emerges. The ACG for a topic can indicate when authoritative content about such topics is unavailable and can be utilized to ameliorate the situation, e.g., by alerting content providers about the content gap

Opicapone as adjunct to levodopa in treated Parkinson's disease without motor complications: A randomized clinical trial

BACKGROUND: Catechol-O-methyl transferase (COMT) inhibitors are routinely used to manage motor fluctuations in Parkinson's disease (PD). We assessed the effect of opicapone on motor symptom severity in levodopa-treated patients without motor complications. METHODS: This was a randomized, double-blind, 24-week, placebo-controlled study of opicapone 50 mg as adjunct to levodopa (NCT04978597). Levodopa-treated patients without motor complications were randomized to 24 weeks of double-blind treatment with adjunct opicapone 50 mg or matching placebo. The primary efficacy endpoint was the mean change from baseline to week 24 in Movement Disorder Society-Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale Part III (MDS-UPDRS-III) total score. RESULTS: A total of 355 patients were randomized (opicapone 50 mg n = 177, placebo n = 178) and 322 (91%) completed the double-blind period. The adjusted mean [95% CI] change from baseline to week 24 in MDS-UPDRS-III subscore was -6.5 [-7.9, -5.2] in the opicapone group versus -4.3 [-5.7, 3.0] in the placebo group resulting in a significant difference of -2.2 [-3.9, -0.5] favoring opicapone (p = 0.010). There was no difference in the incidence of patients who developed motor complications (5.5% with opicapone vs. 9.8% with placebo) and the incidence of adverse events considered related to study medication was similar between groups (opicapone 10.2% vs. placebo 13.5%). CONCLUSIONS: Treatment with once-daily adjunct opicapone was well tolerated, improved motor severity, and did not induce the development of motor complications. These results support the clinical usefulness of opicapone in the management of PD patients without motor complications