Oxygen delivery system in pre-hospital emergency care in india GVK EMRI 108: a review article

The goal of an effective emergency medical system should be to provide universal emergency care along with assured quality. Oxygen is often used drug in the pre hospital. Oxygen delivery can be monitored by pulse oximetry, typically with a goal of reversing hypoxemia. This paper describes the importance of oxygen in emergency care and its contribution to reducing avoidable death and disability. It also highlights the oxygen delivery systems and training processes /protocols in ambulance based pre-hospital care. In addition, it also shares the usage rates of oxygen and delivery methods in thermal and electrical burns in 108 GVK EMRI, India ambulances. A descriptive study methodology was adopted for explaining the training and pre-hospital care processes of oxygen delivery. Retrospective study method was adopted to measure the oxygen utilization rates in management of burns cases in 108 ambulances in the year 2015. EMTs consistently assessed vitals and provided oxygen to patients’. When EMTs found that patients’ had oxygen saturation less than 95%, they provided supplemental oxygen 95% of the times. EMTs though adhering to the routine use of oxygen in 9 out of 10 cases “where indicated, refresher training should focus on use of oxygen in special circumstances and the benefit to be closely monitored for favourable clinical outcomes”. There is a need to study such common and important essential pre-hospital interventions in all types of emergencies being served

Immune Pathways in Atopic Dermatitis, and Definition of Biomarkers through Broad and Targeted Therapeutics

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common inflammatory skin disease. Recent research findings have provided an insight into the complex pathogenic mechanisms involved in this disease. Despite a rising prevalence, effective and safe therapeutics for patients with moderate-to-severe AD are still lacking. Biomarkers of lesional, nonlesional skin, and blood have been developed for baseline as well as after treatment with broad and specific treatments (i.e., cyclosporine A and dupilumab). These biomarkers will help with the development of novel targeted therapeutics and assessment of disease reversal, with the promise of a more personalized treatment approach. Since AD involves more than one subtype (i.e., intrinsic/extrinsic, pediatric/adult, etc.), these molecular fingerprints needs to be validated in all subpopulations with AD

Abstract P218: Analysis Of YouTube Videos As A Patient-Education Tool For Cardiac Stress Testing

Background: YouTube is the most popular video sharing platform, and it is a common source of information for people interested in learning about medical topics. YouTube videos discussing cardiac stress testing have amassed millions of views, but their educational quality has not been thoroughly assessed. We sought to investigate the quality of cardiac stress testing videos on YouTube. Methods: We searched YouTube.com for keywords including “Cardiac Stress Test” and “Exercise Stress Test”. We evaluated 113 videos with at least 15,000 views and excluded 51 videos. The exclusion criteria comprised videos that were unrelated, under 1 minute, not in English, or repeats of a video. The remaining videos were rated by two independent reviewers using the Global Quality Scale (GQS; 4-5 = high quality, 1-3 = low quality), to evaluate usefulness. The view count, modality, upload source and date were used for additional sub-analyses to determine possible associations with the educational quality of videos. Modalities that were analyzed included patient-friendly delivery methods such as patients speaking about their experiences or interviews with patients on their experiences, live patient tests where the patient undergoes cardiac stress testing to educate viewers, or physician-led presentations. Results: The average GQS score was 5 in 4 out of 62 videos (4/62; 6.5%), 4 in 14 videos (14/62; 22.5%), and 0-3 in 44 videos (44/62; 71%) with a mean overall GQS score of 3.04 demonstrating moderate-suboptimal educational quality of videos. Days since upload and view ratio were not associated with educational quality of the videos. Physician-uploaded videos (37/62; 60%) had significantly higher GQS scores compared with non-physicians (3.43 vs. 2.46; p&lt;0.01). When grouped by modality, live patient tests (23/62; 37%) had the highest GQS score of 3.33 while physician-led presentations (28/62; 45%) produced GQS score of 3.13. Patient-friendly delivery methods (interviews and patient stories) (11/62; 18%) had the lowest average GQS score of 2.23. Conclusion: There is an abundance of content about cardiac stress testing on YouTube videos that often deliver low quality information. Healthcare providers need to be cognizant about possible misinformation their patients may encounter. YouTube can be a useful resource for physicians and patients in the future as shared decision-making aids if higher quality videos are uploaded directly by physicians. </jats:p