Evaluation of groundwater quality of Khorramabad plain

Groundwater along with the path of its movement, is affected by various factors, such as the surrounding environment. Hence, the substance is introduced in the form of salts, parasite, microbes or various impurities, which causes changes to the quality and pollution of water. Therefore, the research in this regard is necessary for determining the factors affecting water quality in terms of determining the qualitative characteristics of water for different uses. In this research, a wide range of groundwater sources in Khorramabad city have been sampled and the qualitative properties of the water samples measured were ionic strength of hydrogen (pH), EC, soluble calcium, magnesium, sodium, potassium, and soluble anions of chlorine, sulfate, bicarbonate, phosphate, nitrate, and the sodium adsorption ratio, and heavy metals of cadmium and arsenic. Later, the distribution map of each parameter was mapped. The results showed that the concentration of most investigated parameters from the heights towards the southwest of Khorramabad regions were increased with the watershed output of the city. The investigated parameters were in the appropriate quality range, and among the parameters, the nitrate average concentration was 13.69 mg/l (the minimum and maximum were 1.52 and 49.55 mg/l respectively) in the Southern Khorramabad regions. In general, 50% of total groundwater quality data had the nitrate concentration over 11.2 mg/l and 10% had the concentration over 24/0 mg/L, while the standard rate is 45 mg/l

Application of Gene Expression Programming in Drought Prediction (Case Study: Tabriz Synoptic Station)

The water body of Urmia Lake in recent years has been faced with a significant reduction in surface area and volume due to various reasons such as successive droughts. Therefore, in this study, the situation of drought was evaluated at the synoptic station of Tabriz as one of the important stations of Urmia Lake basin in different time scales using the standardized precipitation-evapotranspiration index (SPEI) and the gene expression programming (GEP) model. For this purpose, the SPEI index was used for drought monitoring at 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 48 months during the 53-year statistical period. The results showed that three long periods of drought related to the years 1961-1963, 1986-1992, and 1997-2009 are available during the statistical period. According to the results, the prediction accuracy is directly related to increasing the scale of SPEI and increased by increasing the scale of SPEI, so that the correlation coefficient in the test stage in the one-month scale (SPEI1) increased from 0.203 to 0.988 at 48-month scale (SPEI48) and the overall accuracy of the model increased from 57.1 in SPEI1 to 94.2 % in SPEI48

Étude de la durabilité d'un sédiment, traité au ciment et additifs

CAEN-BU Sciences et STAPS (141182103) / SudocSudocFranceF

Effet de la fumée de silice sur le comportement mécanique et géotechnique d’un sédiment stabilisé à base de ciment et additifs

International audienceL’accumulation des sédiments dans les installations portuaires est un phénomène inéluctable. Le dragage revêt donc une importance primordiale pour le maintien de la navigation. Mais le stockage ou le rejet en mer de cette vase pose problème, surtout dans le cas de contamination par des polluants. Cet article présente l’étude de la valorisation des sédiments de dragage du port autonome du Havre traités par un mélange de ciment, chaux, cendre volante et fumée de silice et additifs. Différents pourcentages de liants hydrauliques ont été utilisés. L’étude du comportement à court terme des sédiments stabilisés à été réalisée à l’aide d’essais de compression axiale. Les résultats de cette étude montrent une meilleure performance pour les échantillons confectionnés avec du ciment et de la fumée silice. L’analyse des résultats mécaniques et physico-chimiques des sédiments ainsi stabilisés démontre la possibilité de leur utilisation dans les constructions routières.L'accumulation des sédiments dans les installations portuaires est un phénomène inéluctable. Le dragage revêt donc une importance primordiale pour le maintien de la navigation. Mais le stockage ou le rejet en mer de cette vase pose problème, surtout dans le cas de contamination par des polluants. Cet article présente l'étude de la valorisation des sédiments de dragage du port autonome du Havre traités par un mélange de ciment, chaux, cendre volante et fumée de silice et additifs. Différents pourcentages de liants hydrauliques ont été utilisés. L'étude du comportement à court terme des sédiments stabilisés à été réalisée à l'aide d'essais de compression axiale. Les résultats de cette étude montrent une meilleure performance pour les échantillons confectionnés avec du ciment et de la fumée silice. L'analyse des résultats mécaniques et physico-chimiques des sédiments ainsi stabilisés démontre la possibilité de leur utilisation dans les constructions routières

Numerical Comparison of Various Methods of Transient Flow Calculation in Water Conveyance Systems with Pumping Station

Under transient flow condition, the behavior of water conveyance system varies according to their characteristics. In the present study, the pressure was measured using a fast and sensitive pressure gauge in Bukan and Piranshahr water conveyance system. The pressure simulation was conducted using Bentley Hammer software. The friction head loss was calculated by different methods. The results showed that Unsteady Vitkovsky method had minimum error comparing with other methods. Wave velocity increase had direct effect on maximum pressures while velocity decrease affected minimum pressures. In a shorter water conveyance system, the reduction of wave velocity had direct effect on maximum pressure. Destruction to the long conveyance system was more probable and maximum and minimum pressures occurred during the first period. Shorter conveyance system had more pressure fluctuations and the minimum pressure did not occur in the first period. Coincidence of periods happened at the beginning and continued untill the end of data recording in the longer conveyance system. However, as time passed by, such coincidence did not occure in shorter conveyance system