Saliency Prediction for Mobile User Interfaces

We introduce models for saliency prediction for mobile user interfaces. A mobile interface may include elements like buttons, text, etc. in addition to natural images which enable performing a variety of tasks. Saliency in natural images is a well studied area. However, given the difference in what constitutes a mobile interface, and the usage context of these devices, we postulate that saliency prediction for mobile interface images requires a fresh approach. Mobile interface design involves operating on elements, the building blocks of the interface. We first collected eye-gaze data from mobile devices for free viewing task. Using this data, we develop a novel autoencoder based multi-scale deep learning model that provides saliency prediction at the mobile interface element level. Compared to saliency prediction approaches developed for natural images, we show that our approach performs significantly better on a range of established metrics.Comment: Paper accepted at WACV 201

Fecundity and viability of eggs in wild breeders of spiny lobsters, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758), Panulirus versicolor (Latrielle, 1804) and Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798)

Berried lobsters collected from landing centres and lobster holding centres were used for larval rearing of the spiny lobsters, Panulirus homarus (Linnaeus, 1758), Panulirus ornatus (Fabricius, 1798) and Panulirus versicolor (Latrielle, 1804). Fecundity of the lobsters used for larval rearing was calculated as the number of eggs deposited on the ovigerous setae on the pleopods. The number of eggs in a single brood ranged from 1,20,544 to 4,49,585 in P. homarus. 5,18,181 to P.ornatus 1,979,522 and that of P. versicolor as 1,70,212 to P.versicolor 7,33,752. The tropical lobsters are reported to and therefore breed two times or more in a year. The absolute (annual) fecundity of these lobsters is expected to be higher. The phyllosoma larvae released, as percentage of fecundity, was maximum in P. homarus 85.7, 49.7 in P. ornatus and 74.0 in P. versicolor. Handling of lobsters at the landing and holding centres and aerial transport resulted in high percentage of eggs in arrested development, complete or partial shedding of eggs and release of weak phyllosoma larvae. Severe bacterial infection leading to complete shedding of eggs was recorded in a few breeders collected from holding centres

Effect of oral phytoestrogen on androgenicity and insulin sensitivity in postmenopausal women

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90517/1/j.1463-1326.2011.01532.x.pd

Istodobna infekcija psa vrstama Babesia gibsoni i Ehrlichia canis

Experimental transmission of Babesia gibsoni in a dog, in a state of subclinical infection by Ehrlichia canis, resulted in a severe concomitant infection of E. canis and B. gibsoni characterized by neurological signs, including nystagmus and seizures. Mononuclear cells harbouring the characteristic morulae of E. canis were numerous in lung impression smears. B. gibsoni were observed in the peripheral blood in erythrocytes and within macrophages in spleen, liver and kidney impression smears. Erythrocytes were found trapped within capillaries of the brain. B. gibsoni were seen in various stages of division and on average 16 merozoites were seen in a single infected erythrocyte.Pokusna infekcija vrstom Babesia gibsoni u psa, supklinički zaraženog vrstom Ehrlichia canis dovela je do pojave teške kliničke slike koja se očitovala neurološkim znakovima uključujuči nistagmus i koreju. Mononuklearne stanice kao nalazište karakterističnih morula E. canis bile su brojne u razmascima plućnog tkiva. B. gibsoni je zapažena u eritrocitima periferne cirkulacije i unutar makrofaga u razmascima slezene, jetre i bubrega. Pronađeni su razoreni eritrociti unutar mozgovnih kapilara. B. gibsoni je uočena u različitim stadijima dijeljenja i prosječno je 16 merozoita pronađeno po jednom infi ciranom eritrocitu

Učinak adjuvansa saponina i montanida ISA 50 na imunološki odgovor teladi imunizirane pročišćenim antigenom srednjega crijeva krpelja Hyalomma marginatum isaaci

Immune status of calves, immunized with purified midgut antigen of Hyalomma marginatum isaaci, was assessed by standard immunological tests. Leukocyte migration inhibition test showed inhibition from day 21 post-infection in calves that received midgut antigen with Saponin as adjuvant (Saponin group) while significant inhibition was observed from 28 DPI in the Montanide group. Intradermal test revealed immediate hypersensitivity reaction within 15 m. and the highest skin fold thickness was observed after 24 h. of inoculation of antigen (14.50 ± 1.50 mm in the Saponin group and 12.00 ± 0.70 mm in the Montanide group). Similarly, a significant humoral response as judged by ELISA was observed from 7 DPI (P<0.01) in the Saponin group, with a peak value on 42 DPI, whereas the significant antibody was observed only on 21 DPI, with a peak value on 30 DPI in the Montanide group.Imunosni status teladi imunizirane pročišćenim antigenom srednjega crijeva krpelja Hyalomma marginatum isaaci procijenjen je upotrebom standardnih imunoloških testova. Testom inhibicije migracije leukocita dokazana je inhibicija 21. dana nakon invazije u teladi imunizirane antigenom srednjega crijeva krpelja u kombinaciji sa saponinom kao adjuvansom, dok je značajna inhibicija u skupini u kojoj je primijenjen montanid bila dokazana 28. dana nakon invazije. Intradermalnim testom dokazana je reakcija rane preosjetljivosti već za 15 minuta. Najveće zadebljanje kože dokazano je 24 sata nakon inokulacije antigena (14,50 ± 1,50 mm u skupini u kojoj je primijenjen saponin i 12,00 ± 0,7 mm u skupini u kojoj je primijenjen montanid). Znatan humoralni odgovor određen imunoenzimnim testom zabilježen je 7. dana nakon invazije (P<0,01) u skupini u kojoj je bio primijenjen saponin s najvišom vrijednošću 42. dana poslije inokulacije, dok je porast titra protutijela zabilježen 21. dana poslije inokulacije u skupini u kojoj je primijenjen montanid s vršnom vrijednošću zabilježenom 30. dana nakon primjene

Imaging of Hypoxia in Retinal Vascular Disease

Retinal tissue hypoxia is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of many leading causes of irreversible vision loss, including diabetic retinopathy. Retinal hypoxia in diabetic retinopathy has been shown to drive the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and pro-angiogenic growth factors. Together, these factors contribute to disease progression by causing unregulated growth of new blood vessels, increased vascular permeability and cell death within the retina. Studies have shown that retinal hypoxia precedes many of the pathologic events that occur during the progression of diabetic retinopathy such as angiopathy, microaneurysms, and capillary dropout. Therefore, early detection of hypoxia in the retinas of diabetic patients could help clinicians identify problems in patients before irreversible damage has occurred. Currently, oxygen sensitive electrodes remain the gold standard for direct measurement of oxygen tension within the retinal tissue; however the procedure is highly invasive and is therefore limited in its applicability towards preclinical models. Less invasive techniques such as retinal oximetry, phosphorescence-lifetime imaging, and hypoxia-sensitive fluorescent probes have shown promising diagnostic value in facilitating detection of oxygen imbalance correlated with neurovascular dysfunction in DR patients. This review highlights the current progress and potential of these minimally invasive hypoxia-imaging techniques in diabetic retinopathy

Disparate Effects of Atorvastatin Compared With Simvastatin on C-Reactive Protein Concentrations in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes

OBJECTIVE - Reduction in LDL and high sensitivity (hs) C-reactive protein (CRP) are independent indicators of successful cardiovascular risk reduction with statins. This study compared the effect of equivalent LDL-lowering doses of simvastatin and atorvastatin on hsCRP in type 2 diabetic patients. RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS - A crossover study of 26 patients with type 2 diabetes taking either 40 mg simvastatin or 10 mg atorvastatin was undertaken. After 3 months on one statin, lipids and hsCRP were measured on 10 occasions over a 5-week period. The same procedure was then followed taking the other statin. RESULTS - LDL was comparable on either treatment: atorvastatin 2.2 +/- 0.2 vs. 2.1 +/- 0.3 mmol/l (mean +/- SD; P = 0.19). CRP of individuals taking atorvastatin was significantly lower than when they were taking simvastatin (median 1.08 vs. 1.47 mg/l, P = 0.0002) and was less variable (median SD of logCRP 0.0036 vs. 0.178, P = 0.0001). CONCLUSIONS - Compared with simvastatin, atorvastatin reduced hsCRP and its variability in type 2 diabetic patients. This enhanced anti-inflammatory effect may prove beneficial if lower CRP is associated with improved cardiovascular risk

Finding Headache Moments from YouTube Videos Using Weak Supervision

Smart Monitoring of actions of elderly people have become more important these days since they mostly live by themselves. Majority of them have some kind of illness and require monitoring in their daily life. Computer Vision and Deep Learning can play a vital role in monitoring critical actions of the elderly people and the detected information can be very useful for their primary doctors and their kith and kin to care of them. To build a strong deep learning model that can detect ’headache’ moments from videos, the biggest bottleneck is huge amount of labeled training data. The reality is that hand labeled datasets are expensive and may take many months or in some cases years to create. The practical deployment of deep learning is hindered by the cost and intractability of hand labeling such datasets. This bottleneck has led to many machine learning systems use some form of weak supervision. The present study aims to use multiple weak supervision sources such as a pretrained deep learning model and several handcrafted heuristic rules; integrate and model them using Snorkel [1] which helps to programmatically build training datasets without manual labeling, from YouTube videos. A False Positive Rate (FPR) of 0.08% and False Negative Rate of 0.01% were achieved using the DNN model.This research study has shown that the accuracy of the combined weak supervision model is superior than the single pretrained model for programmatically building training dataset consisting of headache moments