Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

Funder: European Society of Intensive Care Medicine; doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100013347Funder: Flemish Society for Critical Care NursesAbstract: Purpose: Intensive care unit (ICU) patients are particularly susceptible to developing pressure injuries. Epidemiologic data is however unavailable. We aimed to provide an international picture of the extent of pressure injuries and factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries in adult ICU patients. Methods: International 1-day point-prevalence study; follow-up for outcome assessment until hospital discharge (maximum 12 weeks). Factors associated with ICU-acquired pressure injury and hospital mortality were assessed by generalised linear mixed-effects regression analysis. Results: Data from 13,254 patients in 1117 ICUs (90 countries) revealed 6747 pressure injuries; 3997 (59.2%) were ICU-acquired. Overall prevalence was 26.6% (95% confidence interval [CI] 25.9–27.3). ICU-acquired prevalence was 16.2% (95% CI 15.6–16.8). Sacrum (37%) and heels (19.5%) were most affected. Factors independently associated with ICU-acquired pressure injuries were older age, male sex, being underweight, emergency surgery, higher Simplified Acute Physiology Score II, Braden score 3 days, comorbidities (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, immunodeficiency), organ support (renal replacement, mechanical ventilation on ICU admission), and being in a low or lower-middle income-economy. Gradually increasing associations with mortality were identified for increasing severity of pressure injury: stage I (odds ratio [OR] 1.5; 95% CI 1.2–1.8), stage II (OR 1.6; 95% CI 1.4–1.9), and stage III or worse (OR 2.8; 95% CI 2.3–3.3). Conclusion: Pressure injuries are common in adult ICU patients. ICU-acquired pressure injuries are associated with mainly intrinsic factors and mortality. Optimal care standards, increased awareness, appropriate resource allocation, and further research into optimal prevention are pivotal to tackle this important patient safety threat

Correction to: Prevalence, associated factors and outcomes of pressure injuries in adult intensive care unit patients: the DecubICUs study

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Prospects in the use of the entomopathogenous fungus Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill. (Deuteromycetes: Hyphomycetes) to control the spruce bark beetle Ips typographus L. (Coleoptera: Scolytidae)

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A thermistor device for the continuous recording of mass transport velocity in tissue based on the heat clearance principle. Calibration in vitro and testing in vivo

The study of local metabolism in the brain cortex of a test animal, in normal situations, during hypoxia and after administration of pharmaca, requires, beside the measurement of tissue partial oxygen pressure (pO2) electrocortical activity and blood pressure, an estimation of the supply of oxygen, i.e. the measuring of local cerebral blood flow. In the literature, a number of methods has already been described, most of them being based on the flow-dependent distribution of an inert tracer in the tissue. We have developed an instrument, based on the heat clearance principle, for the purpose of continuous flow measurement during chronical experiments (Vermariën et al. 1984). © 1984 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Relations between local microflow and tissue pressure in oxygen of the cerebral cortex in the awake rabbit (1 figure)

Previous experiments (Manil et al. 1983) have revealed spontaneous oscillations of the cortical tissue pressure in oxygen (CTpO2) in a frequency band going from 0.03 to 0.33 Hz. No correlation could be found with the fluctuations of the systemic blood pressure except in stress situation. These oscillations were still present even after the spontaneous electrocortical activity had completely disappeared as a result of deep barbiturate anaesthesia. It was shown that these oscillations had to be attributed to circumscribed areas of the cerebral cortex of about 2 mm. Maximal vasodilation induced by breathing 5% CO2 increased and stabilized the CTpO2. Pharmacological analysis showed that alpha-blocking agents tremendously enhanced this otherwise spontaneous phenomenon. It was thus tempting to attribute this phenomenon to some vasomotor mechanisms. However, it remained to be shown that the oscillations of the CTpO2 were linked to fluctuations of the local microflow. © 1984 Informa UK Ltd All rights reserved: reproduction in whole or part not permitted.SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Observation of muon-neutrino reactions producing a positron and a strange particle

In addition to one previously reported event, a second event, in which a positron is observed together with a strange particle and a negative muon, has been seen in the bubble chamber Gargamelle exposed to the CERN neutrino beam. The level of the background for this type of event is found to be very low. The data strongly indicate the existence of a new type of interaction leading to a charged lepton pair correlated with a strange particle in the final state. The interpretation of these two events in terms of production of a charmed hadron is presented. © 1976.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe

Is the irritable bowel really irritable?

We studied 5 healthy volunteers and 9 patients with irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) during infusion of the colon with saline solution, bile acids, fatty acids and balloon distension. Our results show that the pain threshold was significantly (p less than 0.001) higher in controls than in IBS patients. Bile acids and fatty acids brought on the habitual pain in 5/7 and 7/8 patients respectively, while they did not have any effect in the control group. On the basis of our data we can conclude that the IBS patients are more sensitive to colonic distension and perfusions, thus suggesting a non-specific irritability of the colon which could be a characteristic of these patients

Neutral pion production by weak neutral currents in neutrino and antineutrino reactions

A study is presented of single πo production in neutrino and antineutrino interactions in Gargamelle filled with freon CF3Br. Limits on the neutral to charged current cross-section ratios Rv=σ(vN→vN′πo)/2 σ(vN→ μ -N′πo) and Rν = σ(νN → νN′πo)/2 σ(νN → ω+N′πo) are found to be 0.10 < Rν < 0.20 and 0.26 < Rν < 0.44 at 68% confidence level. © 1975.0SCOPUS: ar.jinfo:eu-repo/semantics/publishe