175 research outputs found
Análisis de ADN Mitocondrial en restos de hijo putativo de Luis XVI, Rey de Francia y María Antonieta
Carl Wilhelm Naundorff fue sepultado en 1845 en Delft como Luis Charles, Duque de Normandía, “Luis XVII”. Sin embargo, el hijo de Luis XVI y María Antonieta-Luis XVII- falleció oficialmente en el templo de París en 1795. Con el fin de determinar la identidad de Naundorff, se comparó las secuencias de las ondas del ADNmitocondrial (ADNmt) de sus restos con las secuencias obtenidas a partir del cabello de dos hermanas de María Antonieta, de la misma María Antonieta, y con las secuencias obtenidas de las muestras del ADN de dos parientes maternos vivos. La secuencia del ADNmt de una muestra de hueso de Naundorff mostró dos diferencias en los nucleótidos en cuanto a la secuencia del de las tres hermanas y cuatro diferencias en las secuencias de los parientes maternos vivos basado en esta evidencia resulta muy remoto que Naundorff sea el hijo de María Antonieta
Genes that determine immunology and inflammation modify the basic defect of impaired ion conductance in cystic fibrosis epithelia
BACKGROUND: The cystic fibrosis (CF) basic defect, caused by dysfunction of the apical chloride channel CFTR in the gastrointestinal and respiratory tract epithelia, has not been employed so far to support the role of CF modifier genes. METHODS: Patients were selected from 101 families with a total of 171 F508del-CFTR homozygous CF patients to identify CF modifying genes. A candidate gene based association study of 52 genes on 16 different chromosomes with a total of 182 genetic markers was performed. Differences in haplotype and/or diplotype distribution between case and reference CF subpopulations were analysed. RESULTS: Variants at immunologically relevant genes were associated with the manifestation of the CF basic defect (0.01<Praw<0.0001 at IL1B, TLR9, TNFalpha, CD95, STAT3 and TNFR). The intragenic background of F508del-CFTR chromosomes determined disease severity and manifestation of the basic defect (Praw=0.0009). Allele distributions comparing transmitted and non-transmitted alleles were distorted at several loci unlinked to CFTR. CONCLUSIONS: The inherited capabilities of the innate and adaptive immune system determine the manifestation of the CF basic defect. Variants on F508del-CFTR chromosomes contribute to the observed patient-to-patient variability among F508del-CFTR homozygotes. A survivor effect, manifesting as a transmission disequilibrium at many loci, is consistent with the improvement of clinical care over the last decades, resulting in a depletion of risk alleles at modifier genes. Awareness of non-genetic factors such as improvement of patient care over time is crucial for the interpretation of CF modifier studies
Improving Quality and Harmonization of Standards in Clinical Genetic Services in Europe: The EuroGentest Network of Excellence
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