Looking at Judiciary Leadership from the Demand Side: Judges: “Invisible Leaders”?

While the literature on leadership is vast and continues to expand at a rapid rate and while educational programs and courses on leadership exist at academic institutions of all levels and quality, judges and the judiciary are hardly ever considered fit subjects of study by leadership scholars and teachers. For them, “leaders” worthy of the name are to be found in corporate executive suites, presidential palaces, military commands, and even professional football teams, but not in the courts. As a result, in virtually all well-known books on leadership, judges are invisible. Moreover, even within the body of legal literature, in-depth studies on judges as leaders are scant

Is There a Better Way? Alternative Methods of Treaty-Based, Investor-State Dispute Resolution

Two factors--the increase in international investment and the increase in international investment agreements--have together led to a growth in the number and severity of treaty-based disputes between host states and individual investors. An increasing number of such disputes are being settled through international arbitration. However, the large amounts of some resulting arbitration awards, the cost to host countries of the arbitral process, and the constraints imposed thereby on the ability of governments to regulate enterprises in their territories have raised questions as to whether means other than arbitration and litigation can be found to resolve treaty-based, investor-State disputes. In short, is there a better way than international arbitration to resolve at least some investor-State disputes? The purpose of this Article is to explore alternative methods for settling such conflicts

Corporate Governance in the UNECE Region

This study examines corporate governance in the UNECE region (North America, Europe and the CIS). Governance issues have diverse implications not only for the firm's shareowners, managers and workers but for the operation of the overall economy. The differences in how this concept is interpreted on different sides of the Atlantic are discussed by outlining an Anglo-American shareholder and European stakeholder model. The American model is focused on the rights of shareholders in relation to managers while Europe's focus is on the rights of the community relative to the corporation itself. The regulatory and non-regulatory approaches to insuring proper governance are contrasted, as are the different possible objectives of the corporation. Recent reform efforts for both are discussed, as are the implications of these different models for the transition economies.corporate governance

Is There a Better Way? Alternative Methods of Treaty-Based, Investor-State Dispute Resolution

Two factors--the increase in international investment and the increase in international investment agreements--have together led to a growth in the number and severity of treaty-based disputes between host states and individual investors. An increasing number of such disputes are being settled through international arbitration. However, the large amounts of some resulting arbitration awards, the cost to host countries of the arbitral process, and the constraints imposed thereby on the ability of governments to regulate enterprises in their territories have raised questions as to whether means other than arbitration and litigation can be found to resolve treaty-based, investor-State disputes. In short, is there a better way than international arbitration to resolve at least some investor-State disputes? The purpose of this Article is to explore alternative methods for settling such conflicts

Renegotiating International Project Agreements

The Essay examines the phenomenon of renegotiation of international project agreements, explores its nature and causes, and offers useful advice on how best to conduct the renegotiation process

A study on the proton structure of 11B

My project entails using the Edwards Accelerator Laboratory to study the nuclear structure of 11B through the 10Be(d,n) reaction

Monitoring of woody plant species composition, diversity, structure and dynamics in kihansi gorge forest, southern Udzungwa mountains, Tanzania

Kihansi Gorge forest is located within the Udzungwa Mountains in the Eastern Arc Mountains in Tanzania. The Gorge has critically endangered and endemic plant species, hence has national and global significance. Kihansi hydropower project started to be constructed in 1990 and its operation commenced in 1999. The construction of the hydropower facilitated the establishment of baseline study to monitor the forest. The main objective of this study was to monitor trees’ diversity using the established baseline study. Specifically this study intends (i) To assess changes of woody plant species composition and diversity for the period between 1997 and 2018 (ii) To assess changes in forest stand parameters between 1997 and 2018 (iii) To assess changes in tree species diversity and forest stand parameters along altitudinal gradients. Data were collected in 19 permanent sample plots established in year 1997 and 75 temporary sample plots installed in year 2018. The findings from statistical tests for all stand parameters for montane forest showed no significant differences (p > 0.05) throughout the study period. Basal area, volume and total carbon for miombo showed a significant difference (p < 0.05) for year 2006 and year 2009 and no significant difference (p > 0.05) for the year 2018. The study concludes that time to detect significant changes of forest stand parameters differ between vegetation types. Dynamic processes in the miombo woodlands are faster compared to montane forest. Based on altitude, tree species diversity in the Kihansi Gorge forest decreases as altitude increases. The study recommends monitoring to continue at Kihansi Gorge forest through the established permanent sample plots to ascertain the causes of the changes.Mufindi District Counci