Value of 18F-PSMA PET/MRI for early diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy

Objective: To investigate the value and significance of 18F-prostate-specific membrane antigen (18F-PSMA)-1007 PET/MR for early diagnosis of recurrence and metastasis in prostate cancer patients after radical prostatectomy (RP). Methods: A total of 143 patients with prostate cancer after radical prostatectomy were enrolled during June 2019 to January 2022 in Ruijin Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine. All the patients underwent 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MR imaging within 12 to 60 months after surgery. According to the serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels, patients were divided into 5 groups（PSA≤0.2 ng/mL, 0.2 ng/mL<PSA≤0.5 ng/mL, 0.5 ng/mL<PSA≤4.0 ng/mL, 4.0 ng/mL<PSA<10.0 ng/mL and PSA≥10.0 ng/mL). The detection rates of recurrence or metastasis were compared between different groups. Results: The detection rates of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MR for recurrence or metastasis in PSA≤0.2 ng/mL, 0.2 ng/mL<PSA≤0.5 ng/mL, 0.5 ng/mL< PSA ≤ 4.0 ng/mL, 4.0 ng/mL<PSA<10.0 ng/mL and PSA ≥ 10.0 ng/mL groups were 25.00% (6/24)，70.00% (7/10)，66.67% (16/24)，74.07% (20/27) and 94.83% (55/58) respectively, and bilateral comparison between groups revealed that difference in detection rate was statistically significant (P<0.01 or P<0.05). In terms of treatment，34 patients (27.64%) changed their pre-examination treatment regimen based on the results of 18F-PSMA-1007 PET/MR imaging. Conclusions: It reveals that prostate patients with detected recurrence or metastasis account for 25% of those with normal PSA level.The detection rate increases with the increase of PSA levels. It suggests that 18F-PSMA PET/MR can detect recurrence and metastasis in the early stage, which can effectively guide the formulation of treatment plans

The impact of hCG trigger versus dual trigger on reproductive outcomes in elderly infertile women: a retrospective cohort study

PurposeThis study was designed to evaluate the effects of dual trigger (GnRH agonist and hCG) compared with hCG trigger alone on oocyte quality, embryo development, and pregnancy outcomes in elderly women (aged≥35 years) who underwent IVF treatment with an antagonist stimulation protocol, aiming to identify the more optimal triggering strategy.MethodsThis retrospective cohort study analyzed 449 elderly infertile women (≥35 years) who underwent antagonist stimulation protocols, including 236 patients in the hCG trigger group and 213 patients in the dual trigger group. The study compares the age, gravidity, parity, body mass index (BMI),anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH),gonadotropin (Gn) days, Gn dosage, trigger day luteinizing hormone (LH), trigger day estradiol (E2), trigger day progesterone (P), number of follicles ≥14mm on trigger day, number of oocytes retrieved, two pronuclei (2PN) fertilization rate, cleavage-stage embryo number, blastocyst number, embryo implantation rate (IR), clinical pregnancy rate (CPR), live birth rate (LBR), and miscarriage rate between the two groups. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the influencing factors of CPR in patients.ResultsThere were no significant differences in baseline and cycle data between the two groups. In terms of oocyte and embryo outcomes, the number of oocytes retrieved (P=0.018), 2PN fertilization rate (P=0.046), and cleavage-stage embryo number (P=0.032) were significantly higher in the dual trigger group than in the hCG trigger group. There was no significant difference in the number of blastocysts obtained in the cycles of the two groups (P=0.689). In terms of pregnancy outcomes, the CPR per embryo transfer (ET) cycle (P=0.010),the CPR per frozen embryo transfer (FET) cycle (P=0.011), total embryo IR (P<0.001), total CPR (P<0.001), CPR per patient (P=0.003), total LBR (P<0.001), and LBR per patient (P=0.001) were all significantly higher in the dual trigger group than in the hCG trigger group. There was no significant difference in the miscarriage rate between the two groups (P=0.841). No cases of ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) occurred in either group.ConclusionFor elderly women undergoing antagonist stimulation protocols, the use of dual trigger, is more effective than hCG trigger alone in improving oocyte quality, embryo outcomes, and pregnancy outcomes

High-bandwidth perovskite photonic sources on silicon

Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are ubiquitous in modern society, with applications spanning from lighting and displays to medical diagnostics and data communications. Metal-halide perovskites are promising materials for LEDs because of their excellent optoelectronic properties and solution processability. Although research has progressed substantially in optimizing their external quantum efficiency, the modulation characteristics of perovskite LEDs remain unclear. Here we report a holistic approach for realizing fast perovskite photonic sources on silicon based on tailoring alkylammonium cations in perovskite systems. We reveal the recombination behaviour of charged species at various carrier density regimes relevant for their modulation performance. By integrating a Fabry–Pérot microcavity on silicon, we demonstrate perovskite devices with efficient light outcoupling. We achieve device modulation bandwidths of up to 42.6 MHz and data rates above 50 Mbps, with further analysis suggesting that the bandwidth may exceed gigahertz levels. The principles developed here will support the development of perovskite light sources for next-generation data-communication architectures. The demonstration of solution-processed perovskite emitters on silicon substrates also opens up the possibility of integration with micro-electronics platforms