Advances in optical molecular imaging for neural visualization

Iatrogenic nerve injury is a significant complication in surgery, which can negatively impact patients’ quality of life. Currently, the main clinical neuroimaging methods, such as computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and high-resolution ultrasonography, do not offer precise real-time positioning images for doctors during surgery. The clinical application of optical molecular imaging technology has led to the emergence of new concepts such as optical molecular imaging surgery, targeted surgery, and molecular-guided surgery. These advancements have made it possible to directly visualize surgical target areas, thereby providing a novel method for real-time identification of nerves during surgery planning. Unlike traditional white light imaging, optical molecular imaging technology enables precise positioning and identifies the cation of intraoperative nerves through the presentation of color images. Although a large number of experiments and data support its development, there are few reports on its actual clinical application. This paper summarizes the research results of optical molecular imaging technology and its ability to realize neural visualization. Additionally, it discusses the challenges neural visualization recognition faces and future development opportunities

Eucommia ulmoides seed oil is a complementary food for suppressing digestive tumors

BackgroundNatural products and their bioactive components serve as valuable resources for anticancer drug discovery. Eucommia ulmoides, a medicinal and edible plant widely used in traditional medicine, contains functionally significant compounds in its seeds, particularly Eucommia ulmoides seed oil (EUSO). Previous studies have demonstrated EUSO’s promising preventive and therapeutic potential against metabolic disorders, including hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. However, its therapeutic effects on malignancies, particularly digestive system cancers, remain unexplored.MethodsTo evaluate the antitumor effects of EUSO, we performed in vitro and in vivo functional analyses using Cell viability, clone formation, migration capacities, and apoptosis rates were assessed through CCK-8 assays, colony formation assays, Transwell assays, and flow cytometry in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and pancreatic cancer cell models. In vivo antitumor efficacy was further validated using subcutaneous xenograft models in nude mice. Mechanistically, transcriptomic profiling (RNA-seq) and Western blotting were conducted to identify EUSO-regulated signaling pathways.ResultsEUSO exhibited dose-dependent suppression of HCC and pancreatic cancer cell proliferation, colony formation, and migration. Flow cytometry confirmed EUSO-induced apoptosis. In vivo, EUSO administration suppressed tumor growth in xenograft models. Mechanistic studies revealed that EUSO downregulated PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway activation, evidenced by reduced phosphorylation of AKT (Ser473) and mTOR (Ser2448).ConclusionEUSO attenuates the malignant progression of digestive system cancers by inhibiting the PI3K-AKT-mTOR pathway. These results provide mechanistic evidence supporting the potential application of EUSO as an adjuvant therapeutic agent in cancer management and warrant further clinical investigation into its chemopreventive and complementary therapeutic value

Soil Moisture Active/Passive (SMAP) L-Band Microwave Radiometer Post-Launch Calibration Upgrade

Current performance and existing problems in SMAP radiometer L1B_TB version 3 data product are described. The post-launch calibration algorithm has been updated by calibrating the three calibration parameters (the equivalent noise temperature of the noise diode, the offset of the reference load, and the antenna gain) jointly by using the global ocean and CS with both 110o and 180o pitch maneuvers after the reflector emissivity is calibrated. The results show that both calibration drift during eclipse season and bias over CS are removed. The RMSDs of the calibration drift over both the global ocean and CS are less than 0.1 K, and the goals of the calibration algorithm upgrade are achieved for coming L1B_TB version 4 data release

A Fuzzy Comprehensive Evaluation Approach for the 3D Modeling Accuracy of UAV Oblique Photogrammetry

Abstract 3D modeling is the important foundation of virtual reality and scene simulation. The technology of UAV oblique photogrammetry provides a new way for 3D modeling, and the accuracy becomes the key of its application. Since there are a lot of uncertainties in 3D modeling of UAV oblique photogrammetry, this paper proposed a fuzzy comprehensive evaluation approach to deal with this uncertain problem. Firstly, according to the composition of 3D modeling system based on UAV oblique photogrammetry, the main impact factors of 3D modeling accuracy are determined, and the indicator system of accuracy evaluation is therefore constructed. Secondly, by using the method of analytic hierarchy process, the weights and membership degrees of each indicator are calculated. Finally, the proposed approach is applied and validated in the case study. After the fuzzy mapping by the dot multiplication performance between the indicator weights and membership degrees, the comprehensive evaluation sets of different cases are obtained, and their corresponding 3D modeling accuracies can be determined based on the maximum membership degree principle. It is concluded that the fuzzy comprehensive evaluation approach proposed in this paper can quickly and correctly assess the 3D modeling accuracy of UAV oblique photogrammetry.</jats:p