Effect of the Ammoniation on Brachiaria decumbens Hays

The effect of the ammoniation on B. decumbens hay obtained during the phase of seed maturation were studied as follows: hay not treated and hay treated with 2 or 3% of NH3, or 3.6 or 5.4% of urea. Ammoniation reduced the contents (g/kg DM) of NDF, hemicellulose, ADF, and lignin and increased the contents of total N, and ADIN; the IVDMD; the IVOMD; the “in situ” degradability of DM and OM and the apparent digestibility (g/kg nutrient) of DM, OM, and CP, as well increased the daily voluntary intake (g/kg0.75) of DM, the digestible DM, OM, the digestible OM, the digestible protein, and the digestible energy. Ammoniation with NH3 or urea increased the nutritive values of the hay

Determinants of intensive insulin therapeutic regimens in patients with type 1 diabetes: data from a nationwide multicenter survey in Brazil

Background: To evaluate the determinants of intensive insulin regimens (ITs) in patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D).Methods: This multicenter study was conducted between December 2008 and December 2010 in 28 public clinics in 20 Brazilian cities. Data were obtained from 3,591 patients (56.0% female, 57.1% Caucasian). Insulin regimens were classified as follows: group 1, conventional therapy (CT) (intermediate human insulin, one to two injections daily); group 2 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate plus regular human insulin); group 3 (three or more insulin injections of intermediate human insulin plus short-acting insulin analogues); group 4, basal-bolus (one or two insulin injections of long-acting plus short-acting insulin analogues or regular insulin); and group 5, basal-bolus with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII). Groups 2 to 5 were considered IT groups.Results: We obtained complete data from 2,961 patients. Combined intermediate plus regular human insulin was the most used therapeutic regimen. CSII was used by 37 (1.2%) patients and IT by 2,669 (90.2%) patients. More patients on IT performed self-monitoring of blood glucose and were treated at the tertiary care level compared to CT patients (p < 0.001). the majority of patients from all groups had HbA1c levels above the target. Overweight or obesity was not associated with insulin regimen. Logistic regression analysis showed that economic status, age, ethnicity, and level of care were associated with IT (p < 0.001).Conclusions: Given the prevalence of intensive treatment for T1D in Brazil, more effective therapeutic strategies are needed for long term-health benefits.Farmanguinhos/Fundacao Oswaldo Cruz/National Health MinistryBrazilian Diabetes SocietyFundacao do Amparo a Pesquisa do Estado do Rio de JaneiroConselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)Univ Estado Rio de Janeiro, Unit Diabet, BR-20551030 Rio de Janeiro, BrazilBaurus Diabet Assoc, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilFed Univ Hosp Porto Alegre, Porto Alegre, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Fed Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilSanta Casa Misericordia São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Fed Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, BrazilHosp Geral de Bonsucesso, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilHosp Univ Clementino Fraga Filho IPPMG, Rio de Janeiro, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilFac Ciencias Med Santa Casa São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Inst Crianca, Hosp Clin, São Paulo, BrazilUniv São Paulo, Fac Med Ribeirao Preto, Hosp Clin, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilAmbulatorio Fac Estadual Med Sao Jose Rio Preto, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilClin Endocrinol Santa Casa Belo Horizonte, Belo Horizonte, MG, BrazilUniv Estadual Londrina, Londrina, BrazilUniv Fed Parana, Hosp Clin, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilInst Crianca Com Diabet Rio Grande Sul, Rio Grande Do Sul, RS, BrazilGrp Hosp Conceicao, Inst Crianca Com Diabet, Porto Alegre, RS, BrazilHosp Univ Santa Catarina, Florianopolis, SC, BrazilInst Diabet Endocrinol Joinville, Joinville, BrazilHosp Reg Taguatinga, Brasilia, DF, BrazilHosp Geral Goiania, Goiania, Go, BrazilCtr Diabet & Endocrinol Estado Bahia, Goiania, Go, BrazilUniv Fed Maranhao, Sao Luis, BrazilCtr Integrado Diabet & Hipertensao Ceara, Fortaleza, Ceara, BrazilUniv Fed Sergipe, Aracaju, BrazilHosp Univ Alcides Carneiro, Campina Grande, BrazilHosp Univ Joao de Barros Barreto, Belem, Para, BrazilFed Univ São Paulo State, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, Diabet Unit, São Paulo, BrazilUniv Hosp São Paulo, São Paulo, BrazilEscola Paulista Med, Ctr Diabet, Ribeirao Preto, BrazilWeb of Scienc

Analysis of the implementation of BIM technology in project and building firms in 2015 in a Brazilian city

Building Information Modelling (BIM) offers a wide range of tools and allows integrating all disciplines of a building project within a virtual and unique model. However, the full use of BIM requires careful planning and implementation by the firms. The objective of this study is to follow and analyze BIM implementation processes in design and building firms and relate them to the literature. We undertook a study in five firms, comparing companies that have implemented the platform and others that are currently implementing it. A partial implementation of BIM tools was found in all cases. There were some problems such as the need for changes in the equipment and the design process, which required more time and higher costs for staff training. Even so, we conclude that there was an increase in the quality of design and execution of the works, and incompatibilities between design and execution were reduced as well.Las plataformas Building Information Modelling (BIM) ofrecen una amplia gama de herramientas y permiten integrar todas las disciplinas de proyecto en un modelo virtual único. Sin embargo, el uso pleno del BIM en las oficinas requiere planeamiento e implantación cuidadosos. El objetivo de este estudio es acompañar y analizar el proceso de implantación de BIM en oficinas de proyecto y ejecución de obras y compararlos con la literatura. El estudio fue realizado en cinco oficinas, comparando algunas que ya implantaran BIM y otras que están en fase de implantación. Se verificó en todas las oficinas que hubo una implantación parcial de las herramientas BIM. Ocurrieran algunos problemas, tales como la necesidad de mudanzas en equipamientos y en el proceso de proyecto, que exigirán más tiempo y costos para implantación y entrenamiento de la equipe técnica. Aun así, se verificó que hubo un aumento en la calidad de concepción y ejecución de las obras, bien como fueran reducidas las incompatibilidades entre proyecto y ejecución

Richness of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi in a Brazilian tropical shallow lake: assessing an unexpected assembly in the aquatic-terrestrial gradient.

Aquatic ecosystems are historically overlooked regarding the occurrence of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungi (AMF). Tropical lakes in the southern hemisphere are generally impacted by human actions, such as those in Brazil, although they still preserve a great diversity of macrophyte species that can support AMF communities. Thus, the study aimed to test (i) whether AMF community structure (composition, richness, diversity, dominance, and evenness) differs between aquatic and terrestrial conditions, and (ii) between seasons?rainy and dry. A total of 60 AMF species, distributed in 10 families and 17 genera, were found, with a difference in AMF composition between conditions (terrestrial and aquatic) and seasons (dry and rainy). The absolute species richness differed between conditions, seasons, and interactions. The aquatic/rainy season, which retrieved the most significant number of species, had the highest absolute richness and number of glomerospores and differed significantly from the terrestrial/rainy season. The results suggest that a shallow oligotrophic lake harbors a high AMF richness. In addition, this environment has a distinct AMF community from the adjacent coastal sand plain vegetation and is affected by seasonality