Государственные закупки как механизм стимулирования производства инновационных товаров, работ и услуг

Отмечена существенная роль сферы государственного заказа в процессе формирования национальной институциональной среды, в том числе в развитии производства инновационных товаров, работ и услуг. Констатирована терминологическая неясность понятия инновационного товара, работы, услуги для целей государственных закупок. Проанализированы особенности институтов в сфере размещения государственных заказов и отмечено противодействие сложившейся в России системы закупок целям стимулирования производства инновационной продукции. Предложены меры выхода из сложившейся ситуации применительно к закупкам инновационных товаров, работ и услуг

Исследование помехозащищенности двухканального электромагнитного дефектоскопа

Описывается двухканальный электромагнитный дефектоскоп, предназначенный для контроля протяженных изделий при помощи проходного преобразователя. Отличительной особенностью описываемого прибора является его повышенная помехоустойчивость, обусловленная наличием двух проходных вихретоковых преобразователей, смещенных по оси контроля и логической схемы, позволяющей выделить сигнал от дефекта на выходах измерительных каналов дефектоскопа на фоне различного рода помех. Построены экспериментальные распределения плотности вероятности ложного срабатывания дефектоскопа от воздействующих на него помех

Підходи до тлумачення сутності понять "конкурентоспроможність продукції" та "конкурентоспроможність підприємства"

In recent years, worldwide awareness of an aquatic environment polluted by organic trace pollutants, e.g. pharmaceutical residues and industrial chemicals, has risen tremendously. The present paper outlines similarities and differences in how to face the organic trace pollutants occurring in the natural and urban water cycles in Germany and China. Our joint review clearly shows that this emerging environmental problem is in both countries being widely discussed on a scientific level and it is evidently perceived in a comparable way. However, while the state of knowledge, which is still unsatisfactory, induces further investigations in China, the research activities in Germany have already led to first full-scale applications to remove trace pollutants. While Germany seems to be one step ahead, China possibly is in a better position for a later trace pollutants removal due to the massively increasing use of membrane bioreactors as a key technology for the necessary expansion of wastewater treatment capacities.</jats:p

Chemolithoautotrophic elimination of H2S from biogas in a pilot-scale biotrickling filter for agricultural applications

Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) removal is the single most essential treatment step for most biogas applications. This study compiles an exploratory analysis of a pilot-scale biotrickling filter (BTF) for H2S removal under anoxic conditions to evaluate its performance. The system utilized real biogas and diluted digestate from an agricultural biogas plant as the trickling liquid. The process relies on the biological degradation of H2S by chemolithoautotrophic bacteria naturally present in the digestate. The pilot plant was operated continuously for 69 days showing stability under H2S inlet load (IL) variations (12.9 and 69.5 gS-H2Sm−3h−1). The influence of pH on process performance was evaluated by operating the BTF without pH regulation (6.8 ± 0.24) and with pH control (7.7 ± 0.25). An H2S removal efficiency (RE) above 99 % (maximum elimination capacity = 66.3 gS-H2Sm−3h−1) was achieved with and without pH control, although pH control led to higher process stability. Two different nitrate salts (KNO3 and Ca(NO3)2) were used as electron acceptors, and their effects on the process efficiency were assessed. No difference in process performance was observed between both salts. The conversion of S-H2S to S-SO42– was on average 81.6 ± 15.1 %, and the mean denitrification rate was 1.6 ± 0.6 mgN-NO3–L−1h−1. The chemical composition of the trickling liquid, analyzed after 31 days of operation, was compared to fresh diluted digestate to assess its potential as a crop fertilizer. Analysis indicated enrichment of the trickling liquid with sulfate, elemental sulfur, and other components such as ammonium. These findings suggest that the trickling liquid remains viable for continued use as a fertilizer

Statistical analysis of the supply process of organization of the oil and gas industry

В статье рассмотрен алгоритм и статистические методы для проведения статистического анализа обеспечивающего процесса организации нефтегазовой отрасли.The article discusses an algorithm and statistical methods that can be used to conduct a statistical analysis of the supporting process of organizing the oil and gas industry

Геолого-геофизические особенности месторождений углеводородов района Усть-Ленского полирифта. Сравнительный анализ

Experiments were conducted to measure the behaviour of eight pharmaceuticals during urine treatment as part of the project ‘SANIRESCH – Sustainable sanitary recycling Eschborn’. Urine was collected from 200 people in a public building via waterless urinals and NoMix toilets. It was then stored at room temperature at different pH values to analyse the extent to which bacteria and pharmaceuticals are eliminated over time. Although a partial elimination of pharmaceuticals could be detected, the storage at defined pH values cannot be advised. As the persons tested used pharmaceuticals with different structures, in different amounts and at varying intervals, this method of treatment is insufficient for removing them from urine. Precipitating the urine with MgO, washing it with saturated struvite solution and drying it at 30 °C will result in a free-flowing granular powder of struvite (NH4MgPO4·6H2O) that is free of pharmaceuticals and pathogens and can be used as fertiliser and a source of nitrogen, magnesium and phosphorus.</jats:p