Study the role of hyperbilirubinemia as a marker of gangrenous / perforated appendicitis

BACKGROUND: The aims and objectives of the study were: 1. To study the Incidence of Hyperbilirubinemia in cases of Acute appendicitis and it’s Complications (Gangrenous/Perforated). 2. To compare other variables such as Age, symptoms, Clinical profile, Total Leukocyte count, Alvarado’s score and USG in a similar role. METHODS: This is a prospective study conducted in Department of General Surgery, Stanley Medical College, Chennai on 246 cases of Acute appendicitis admitted in the Emergency ward. They were evaluated with detailed history and clinical examination and Lab tests including complete blood count and Liver function test and Ultrasonogram .Clinical diagnosis was confirmed peroperatively and postoperatively by Histopathological examination. The collected data were analysed with IBM.SPSS statistics software 23.0Version. To find the efficacy of the tools the Receiver Operating Curve (ROC) with Sensitivity, Specificity, PPV and NPV was used. To find the significance in categorical data Chi-Square test was used. In the above statistical tool the probability value P< 0.05 was considered as significance. RESULTS: Total serum bilirubin was elevated in both Acute suppurative appendicitis and Gangrenous /Perforated Appendicitis. But Total bilirubin more raised in Gangrenous / Perforated Appendicitis. CONCLUSION: Serum bilirubin is an important adjunct in diagnosing the presence of Gangrenous / Perforated Appendicitis and used as a marker for diagnosing the same

In situ detection of dopamine using nitrogen incorporated diamond nanowire electrode

[[abstract]]Significant difference was observed for the simultaneous detection of dopamine (DA), ascorbic acid (AA), and uric acid (UA) mixture using nitrogen incorporated diamond nanowire (DNW) film electrodes grown by microwave plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. For the simultaneous sensing of ternary mixtures of DA, AA, and UA, well-separated voltammetric peaks are obtained using DNW film electrodes in differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) measurements. Remarkable signals in cyclic voltammetry responses to DA, AA and UA (three well defined voltammetric peaks at potentials around 235, 30, 367 mV for DA, AA and UA respectively) and prominent enhancement of the voltammetric sensitivity are observed at the DNW electrodes. In comparison to the DPV results of graphite, glassy carbon and boron doped diamond electrodes, the high electrochemical potential difference is achieved via the use of the DNW film electrodes which is essential for distinguishing the aforementioned analytes. The enhancement in EC properties is accounted for by increase in sp2 content, new C–N bonds at the diamond grains, and increase in the electrical conductivity at the grain boundary, as revealed by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and near edge X-ray absorption fine structure measurements. Consequently, the DNW film electrodes provide a clear and efficient way for the selective detection of DA in the presence of AA and UA.[[booktype]]紙

Zirconium Doped Tunnel Structure Manganese Oxide OMS-2 Catalysts

Zirconium doped tunnel structure manganese oxide (OMS-2) materials were synthesized by reflux and impregnation methods by adopting suitable synthetic conditions. XRD and TGA analyses were used to characterize the crystal structure and thermal stability of as synthesized zirconium doped manganese oxide OMS-2 catalysts. FT-IR and BET analyses were used to interpret the stretching frequency of corresponding functional group present in the catalysts and surface area of as synthesized catalysts. Fibrous structure and the aggregated particle morphology of zirconium doped manganese oxide OMS-2 catalysts were confirmed by TEM analyses. The synthesized catalysts were tested for liquid phase oxidation of side chain aromatic compounds such as ethyl benzene and benzyl alcohol, TBHP (tert-butyl hydrogen peroxide) as the chemical oxidant. Liquid phase oxidation ethyl benzene over zirconium doped tunnel structure manganese oxide OMS-2 catalysts show the higher substrate conversion compared to that of benzyl alcohol oxidation on as synthesized zirconium doped manganese oxide OMS-2 catalysts

Nanostructured nitrogen doped diamond for the detection of toxic metal ions

This work demonstrates the applicability of one-dimensional nitrogen-doped diamond nanorods (N-DNRs) for the simultaneous electrochemical (EC) detection of Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions in an electrolyte solution. Well separated voltammetric peaks are observed for Pb2+ and Cd2+ ions using N-DNRs as a working electrode in square wave anodic stripping voltammetry measurements. Moreover, the cyclic voltammetry response of N-DNR electrodes towards the Fe(CN)(6)(/4-)/Fe(CN)(6)(/3-) redox reaction is better as compared to undoped DNR electrodes. This enhancement of EC performance in N-DNR electrodes is accounted by the increased amount of sp(2) bonded nanographitic phases, enhancing the electrical conductivity at the grain boundary (GB) regions. These findings are supported by transmission electron microscopy and electron energy loss spectroscopy studies. Consequently, the GB defect induced N-DNRs exhibit better adsorption of metal ions, which makes such samples promising candidates for next generation EC sensing devices. (C) 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.Sujit Deshmukh indebted to Shiv Nadar University for providing Ph. D. scholarship. The FEI Quanta SEM and Qu-Ant-EM microscope used for the TEM experiments was partly funded by the Hercules fund from the Flemish Government. S. K. and J. V. acknowledge funding from GOA project "Solarpaint" of the University of Antwerp. Kamatchi Jothiramalingam Sankaran is a Postdoctoral Fellow of the Research Foundation-Flanders (FWO). Prof. Ken Haenen acknowledges the Methusalem "NANO" network for financial support.Nitrogen-doped diamond nanorod; Cyclic voltammetry; Square wave anodic stripping voltammetry; Nanographitic phase; Electron energy loss spectroscop

Laser-Patternable Graphene Field Emitters for Plasma Displays

This paper presents a plasma display device (PDD) based on laser-induced graphene nanoribbons (LIGNs), which were directly fabricated on polyimide sheets. Superior field electron emission (FEE) characteristics, viz. a low turn-on field of 0.44 V/&mu;m and a large field enhancement factor of 4578, were achieved for the LIGNs. Utilizing LIGNs as a cathode in a PDD showed excellent plasma illumination characteristics with a prolonged plasma lifetime stability. Moreover, the LIGN cathodes were directly laser-patternable. Such superior plasma illumination performance of LIGN-based PDDs has the potential to make a significant impact on display technology

Undeca­carbonyl-1κ3 C,2κ4 C,3κ4 C-[tris­(2-chloro­eth­yl) phosphite-1κP]-triangulo-triruthenium(0)

In the title triangulo-triruthenium compound, [Ru3(C6H12Cl3O3P)(CO)11], one equatorial carbonyl ligand is substituted by a monodentate phosphite ligand, leaving one equatorial and two axial carbonyl ligands on one Ru atom. The remaining two Ru atoms each carry two equatorial and two axial terminal carbonyl ligands. In the crystal structure, the mol­ecules are linked into a one-dimensional column along [100] by inter­molecular C—H⋯O hydrogen bonds

Improved Field Electron Emission Properties of Phosphorus and Nitrogen Co-Doped Nanocrystalline Diamond Films

Nanocrystalline diamond (NCD) field emitters have attracted significant interest for vacuum microelectronics applications. This work presents an approach to enhance the field electron emission (FEE) properties of NCD films by co-doping phosphorus (P) and nitrogen (N) using microwave plasma-enhanced chemical vapor deposition. While the methane (CH4) and P concentrations are kept constant, the N(2)concentration is varied from 0.2% to 2% and supplemented by H-2. The composition of the gas mixture is tracked in situ by optical emission spectroscopy. Scanning electron microscopy, atomic force microscopy (AFM), transmission electron microscopy, and Raman spectroscopy are used to provide evidence of the changes in crystal morphology, surface roughness, microstructure, and crystalline quality of the different NCD samples. The FEE results display that the 2% N(2)concentration sample had the best FEE properties, viz. the lowest turn-on field value of 14.3 V/mu m and the highest current value of 2.7 mu A at an applied field of 73.0 V/mu m. Conductive AFM studies reveal that the 2% N(2)concentration NCD sample showed more emission sites, both from the diamond grains and the grain boundaries surrounding them. While phosphorus doping increased the electrical conductivity of the diamond grains, the incorporation of N(2)during growth facilitated the formation of nano-graphitic grain boundary phases that provide conducting pathways for the electrons, thereby improving the FEE properties for the 2% N(2)concentrated NCD films

Monitoring of Multi-Aspect Drought Severity and Socio-Economic Status in the Semi-Arid Regions of Eastern Tamil Nadu, India

A framework was set up to monitor drought in the semi-arid regions of eastern Tamil Nadu, southern India, for the period of 2014–2018 CE with the application of the standardized precipitation index (SPI), the scaled drought-condition index (SDCI), and the standardized water-level index (SWI). The results emphasized that this region had a negative precipitation anomaly and vegetative stress, both of which triggered meteorological and agricultural droughts and caused significant losses in the farming sector. The distributions of extreme and high-level hydrological droughts were at their maximum in 2017 CE. The multi-drought severity index (MDSI), implemented to assess the combined impact and highlighting the gradient of affected areas, illustrated that the eastern region (i.e., Jayankondam block) was the most extremely affected, followed by the northern and southern regions (i.e., T.Palur and Andimadam), which were moderately affected by droughts. The extremely affected eastern region has less of an ability to overcome droughts due to its socio-economic vulnerability, with its greater population and household density leading to the over-exploitation of potential resources. Therefore, the focus of this study is on the monitoring of drought severity in micro-administrative units to suggest an appropriate management plan. Hence, the extreme-drought- prone block (Jayankondam) should be given high priority in monitoring and implementing long-term management practices for its conservation and resilience against the effects of severe droughts