Effectiveness and acceptability of different lifestyle interventions for women with polycystic ovary syndrome: protocol for a systematic review and network meta-analysis

IntroductionWomen with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) experience various metabolic, endocrine, reproductive and psychosocial manifestations. Lifestyle modification is crucial for the management of PCOS to reduce long-term complications. Nonetheless, the efficacy and acceptability of lifestyle interventions differs, and there are no uniform methods of clinical application. Hence, a systematic review and network meta-analysis (NMA) are needed to explore the efficacy and acceptability of lifestyle interventions to inform clinical practice.Methods and analysisTen databases (Cochrane Gynaecology and Fertility Specialised Register, Cochrane Register of Studies Online, PubMed, EMBASE (Excerpta Medica Database), PsycINFO, CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, WanFang, VIP, and Sinomed) and four clinical trial registry platforms will be searched to identify literature published in English or Chinese reporting results of randomised clinical trials conducted to evaluate the effects of lifestyle interventions for women with PCOS. The reference lists of the included studies will be manually searched. Primary outcomes will include biochemical and clinical hyperandrogenism, recruitment and retention rates. Secondary outcomes will encompass menstrual regularity, ovulation, anthropometry and quality of life. Literature selection and extraction of data will be performed independently by at least two researchers. An NMA random-effects model will be implemented for amalgamating evidence. All treatments will be ranked based on the value of p. OpenBUGS will be used for Bayesian modelling, with output verifications generated in Stata and R. The quality of evidence supporting network estimates of major outcomes will also be appraised using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development, and Evaluation framework.Ethics and disseminationEthical approval is not required for this review as no data will be collected from human participants. Results will be presented in a peer-reviewed publication.Prospero registration numberCRD42024499819

A Methodology of Three-Dimensional Medical Image Registration Based on Conformal Geometric Invariant

A three-dimensional multimodality medical image registration method using geometric invariant based on conformal geometric algebra (CGA) theory is put forward for responding to challenges resulting from many free degrees and computational burdens with 3D medical image registration problems. The mathematical model and calculation method of dual-vector projection invariant are established using the distribution characteristics of point cloud data and the point-to-plane distance-based measurement in CGA space. The translation operator and geometric rotation operator during registration operation are built in Clifford algebra (CA) space. The conformal geometrical algebra is used to realize the registration of 3D CT/MR-PD medical image data based on the dual vector geometric invariant. The registration experiment results indicate that the methodology proposed in this paper is of stronger commonality, less computation burden, shorter time consumption, and intuitive geometric meaning. Both subjective evaluation and objective indicators show that the methodology proposed here is of high registration accuracy and suitable for 3D medical image registration.</jats:p

A home-based exercise program for children with congenital heart disease following interventional cardiac catheterization: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial

BACKGROUND: Cardiac catheterization has opened an innovative treatment field for cardiac disease; this treatment is becoming the most popular approach for pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) and has led to a significant growth in the number of children with cardiac catheterization. Unfortunately, based on evidence, it has been demonstrated that the majority of children with CHD are at an increased risk of “non-cardiac” problems. Effective exercise therapy could improve their functional status significantly. As studies identifying the efficacy of exercise therapy are rare in this field, the aims of this study are to (1) identify the efficacy of a home-based exercise program to improve the motor function of children with CHD with cardiac catheterization, (2) reduce parental anxiety and parenting burden, and (3) improve the quality of life for parents whose children are diagnosed with CHD with cardiac catheterization through the program. METHODS/DESIGN: A total of 300 children who will perform a cardiac catheterization will be randomly assigned to two groups: a home-based intervention group and a control group. The home-based intervention group will carry out a home-based exercise program, and the control group will receive only home-based exercise education. Assessments will be undertaken before catheterization and at 1, 3, and 6 months after catheterization. Motor ability quotients will be assessed as the primary outcomes. The modified Ross score, cardiac function, speed of sound at the tibia, functional independence of the children, anxiety, quality of life, and caregiver burden of their parents or the main caregivers will be the secondary outcome measurements. DISCUSSION: The proposed prospective randomized controlled trial will evaluate the efficiency of a home-based exercise program for children with CHD with cardiac catheterization. We anticipate that the home-based exercise program may represent a valuable and efficient intervention for children with CHD and their families. TRIAL REGISTRATION: http://www.chictr.org.cn/ on: ChiCTR-IOR-16007762. Registered on 13 January 2016. ELECTRONIC SUPPLEMENTARY MATERIAL: The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13063-016-1773-7) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users

Maternal physical activity levels in early pregnancy and the risk of spinal deformity among preschoolers at age 4: findings from the Shanghai birth cohort study

ObjectiveTo study the impact of maternal physical activity levels before and after birth on the risk of spinal deformity in preschool children.MethodsA cohort study of 760 preschoolers and their mothers tracked maternal physical activity levels during the prenatal period and the two years postnatally, as well as for two years after the child's birth, using standardized questionnaires at 6, 12, and 24 months. The risk of spinal deformity was assessed by the angle of trunk rotation (ATR) at the thoracic (T5), thoracic-lumbar (T12), and lumbar (L4) segments of the spine, with max values noted. An adjusted logistic regression model was used to explore the relationships between prenatal and postnatal physical activity levels and the risk of spinal deformity in preschoolers.ResultsIn 98 children (12.9%), ATRs were 3 or above, and 3 had ATRs of 5 at age 4. The duration of physical activity during early pregnancy (min/week) indicated a moderate risk of spinal deformity (with an ATR between 3 and 5) in children at age 4 (OR: 0.986, 95% CI: 0.976–1.001, P = 0.084). Exercising outdoors &lt;1 h/day during 0–6 months reduced spinal deformity risk (3 ≤ ATRs &lt; 5) compared to &gt;1 h (OR = 0.525, 95% CI 0.301–0.917, p = 0.024). The risen risk of high ATR with long outdoor time was more significant when maternal blood calcium levels were low (OR=0.302, 95% CI 0.134–0.682; p = 0.004).ConclusionLong outdoor times (&gt;1 h/day) in infants under 6 months may be associated with changes in trunk rotation angle or postural stress. Exercise during early pregnancy may relate to good spine development in children. Further studies are needed on physical activity's role in scoliosis prevention

Dynamics of Rabies Epidemics in Vampire Bats

In order to study the transmission of rabies epidemics in vampire bats, we propose a mathematical model for vampire bat rabies virus. A threshold R0 is identified which determines the outcome of the disease. If R01, the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable with certain conditions. Through the numerical simulation, the correctness of the theoretical results is verified. We carry out the sensitivity analysis of the parameters which provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the transmission of bat rabies

Dynamics of Rabies Epidemics in Vampire Bats

In order to study the transmission of rabies epidemics in vampire bats, we propose a mathematical model for vampire bat rabies virus. A threshold R0 is identified which determines the outcome of the disease. If R0&lt;1, the disease-free equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable, and if R0&gt;1, the endemic equilibrium is globally asymptotically stable with certain conditions. Through the numerical simulation, the correctness of the theoretical results is verified. We carry out the sensitivity analysis of the parameters which provide a theoretical basis for preventing and controlling the transmission of bat rabies.</jats:p