Record cryogenic cooling in ferroelectric hafnia proximity induced via Mott transition

On-chip refrigeration at cryogenic temperatures is becoming an important requirement in the context of quantum technologies and nanoelectronics. Ferroic materials with enhanced electrocaloric effects at phase transitions are good material candidates for the same. By exploiting the Mott metal-insulator transition (MIT) of TiOx(Ny), the bottom electrode, we engineer a depolarization field controlled reversible polar to non-polar phase transition in thick La-doped hafnia (40 nm). This transition occurs between ~125 and 140 K and produces giant negative pyroelectric and electrocaloric effects. Refrigeration metrics were estimated between 120 to 200 K, with a peak refrigerant capacity of 25 kJ Kg-1 (2 kJ Kg-1), peak isothermal entropy {\Delta}S~ 8 kJ Kg-1 K-1 (0.5 kJ Kg-1 K-1) and adiabatic {\Delta}Tcooling ~ 106 K (11 K) at ~140 K and 5 MV cm-1 (0.5 MV cm-1, and these are the largest reported in any electrocaloric system. Our work fundamentally proposes design guidelines to induce significant solid-state refrigeration through proximity effects, even at cryogenic temperatures relevant to quantum technologies

Evaluation of Rubber band ligation technique for Internal Haemorrhoids

Introduction: Hemorrhoids are masses or clumps or “cushions” of tissues consisting of muscle and elastic fibres with enlarged, bulging blood vessels and surrounding supporting tissues present in the anal canal of an individual suffering from the disease. It is one of the common reasons for surgical OPD visit. In this study we tried to find out effectiveness of Ring band ligation technique 1st degree, 2nd degree & some of the 3rd degree hemorrhoids. Methods: All the patients coming to surgical OPD of tertiary care teaching hospital from June 2012 to December 2013 and diagnosed as a case of Hemorrhoids were included in study. Proctoscopic examination found to have first-, second-, and non-bulky, non edematous third-degree haemorrhoids were included for band ligation. Results: Out of total patients 202 were males and 145 were females. Bleeding per rectum (52%), discomfort during defecation (58%) and constipation (47%) were most common symptoms. Most common post-ligation/residual symptoms were bleeding (32 %), pain & discomfort (29.4 %) & constipation (21 %).70 % of patients are cured and 14 % have shown significant improvement. Conclusion: Rubber band ligation as first line treatment for 2nd degree lesion, however for 3rd degree lesion Open hemorrhoidectomy is always better

PREPAREDNESS TO ORGANIZING A VOLUNTARY BLOOD DONATION CAMP

Introduction: Human blood is an important element of human life with no substitute. Voluntary blood donors are the cornerstone of a secure and adequate supply of blood and blood products. The safest blood donors are voluntary, non-remunerated blood donors from low-risk populations. Blood donors in India, as across the world, are of three types; voluntary donors, replacement donors and professional donors. Most donations are as a result of replacement donations, which are non-remunerated donations, provided by the relatives of patients. Professional donors are those that donate blood in exchange for money. Replacement and professional donors could also be compelled to donate blood, though their health conditions are unsuitable to donate blood. They do not help to maintain a stock of blood for emergency situations. Moreover, they do not provide rare blood groups. These points are indicating the necessity and importance of voluntary blood donations. The success of blood donation camp depends on people that organize the camp and bank team. Aim: The aim of this report is to debate about the importance of voluntary blood donation and to guide the camp organizer, medic, and also other team members involving in voluntary blood donation camp to arrange the camp efficiently. Discussion: The aim of blood donation camp is to pick an appropriate donor whose blood is safe to the recipients, and who himself shall not in any way be harmed by blood donation. Outdoor voluntary blood donation camps in India are organized in three phases. They are pre-camp phase, camp phase, post-camp phase. Conducting voluntary blood donation camp in the regular basis will increase the stock of blood units in bank which is required for optimum functioning of the health-care system. Conclusion: The organization of blood donation camp should be best and safe to the patient/recipients and to the donor also. With increase in population and development of more advanced medical and surgical procedures, the necessity for blood is ever increasing. Only voluntary blood donors can help to take care of an adequate supply of blood to save lots of the lives of these who in need. They were the sources of safe blood also.</jats:p

Electroless Nickel (EN) Coating on Aluminium Cartridge Case for Releasing Bomb Application

235-241The motivation for this research work is to apply innovative process of Electroless Nickel (EN) coating on aluminium (Al) cartridge cases used for releasing external stores on fighter aircraft. Aluminium, chosen for its lightweight properties, electrical conductivity, non-corrosiveness, and compatibility with energetic materials, proves advantageous in defence applications due to its high strength-to-weight ratio and softer composition compared to other metals. Nickel coating is applied to enhance corrosion resistance, increase wear resistance, eliminate the cracks, blow holes and improve the overall aesthetic appeal of the cartridge. Unlike traditional electroplating methods, novel EN methodology employed here operates through an auto-catalytic reaction, eliminating the need for electricity during metal ion deposition. Before the introduction of the EN coating, the use of bare aluminium cases led to defects such as blow holes or cracks on the cartridge surface. The EN coating applied to the power cartridge case, serve as a thermal barrier without compromising the electrical conductivity of the base material. The paper discusses the successful prevention of defects through a series of trials and emphasizes the crucial role of EN coating on aluminium cartridge cases in emergency situations for releasing bombs from military aircraft. Positive feedback received from users regarding the utilization of EN coating on Al cartridge cases proves the effectiveness and reliability of the process. This process enhances the manufacturing technology to meet the specific and critical requirements of users i.e. Indian Air Force (IAF)

Scrotal Calcinosis Presenting As Nodular Masses : A Report Of 4 Cases

Scrotal calcinosis is characterized by multiple nodular masses within the scrotal skin, slowly increasing in size. The pathogenesis is obscure and is viewed by many to be idiopathic or can result from dystrophic calcification of epidermal cysts. We report 4 cases of scrotal calcinosis presenting as multiple nodules over scrotal skin

Robust tracking with interest points: A sparse representation approach

Visual tracking is an important task in various computer vision applications including visual surveillance, human computer interaction, event detection, video indexing and retrieval. Recent state of the art sparse representation (SR) based trackers show better robustness than many of the other existing trackers. One of the issues with these SR trackers is low execution speed. The particle filter framework is one of the major aspects responsible for slow execution, and is common to most of the existing SR trackers. In this paper,(1) we propose a robust interest point based tracker in l(1) minimization framework that runs at real-time with performance comparable to the state of the art trackers. In the proposed tracker, the target dictionary is obtained from the patches around target interest points. Next, the interest points from the candidate window of the current frame are obtained. The correspondence between target and candidate points is obtained via solving the proposed l(1) minimization problem. In order to prune the noisy matches, a robust matching criterion is proposed, where only the reliable candidate points that mutually match with target and candidate dictionary elements are considered for tracking. The object is localized by measuring the displacement of these interest points. The reliable candidate patches are used for updating the target dictionary. The performance and accuracy of the proposed tracker is benchmarked with several complex video sequences. The tracker is found to be considerably fast as compared to the reported state of the art trackers. The proposed tracker is further evaluated for various local patch sizes, number of interest points and regularization parameters. The performance of the tracker for various challenges including illumination change, occlusion, and background clutter has been quantified with a benchmark dataset containing 50 videos. (C) 2014 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved

Cutaneous Rhinosporidiosis

Rhinosporidiosis, an infection caused by Rhinosporidium seeberi, predominatly causes lesions in nose followed by conjunctiva. Rarely the other mucocutaneous junctions are involved. Cutaneous rhinosporidiosis is infrequent and is associated with adjacent mucocutaneous disease. We present a case of cutaneous rhinosporidiosis which was not associated with disease elsewhere in the body and is very rare

Study of Whey Protein Concentrate Fortification in Cookies Variety Biscuits

Whey protein concentrate is one of the most cheaply available rich sources of quality proteins offering many health benefits, and it has the ability to improve the food products due to its various functional properties. In improving the nutritional status of biscuits, the incorporation of whey protein concentrate has proved its ideality. The objective of present study was to explore the possibility of fortifying the whey protein concentrate in the formulation of biscuits. Biscuits were prepared from the blend (wheat flour and whey protein concentrate) containing various wt% levels of whey protein concentrate (0, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 percent) using traditional creaming method. Prepared biscuits were then evaluated for chemical, physical and sensory properties. It was observed that the thickness of whey protein concentrate fortified biscuits increased with increasing wt% level of whey protein concentrate, whereas diameter, spread ratio, spread factor and weight decreased with increasing wt% level of incorporation. The sensory evaluation supported incorporation of maximum 25 percent level of whey protein concentrate.</jats:p

Neuropsychiatric Manifestation of Acute Intermittent Porphyria: A Case Report

Acute intermittent porphyria is a rare hereditary metabolic disorder with heme biosynthesis. Because of the wide and non-specific symptomatology of porphyria, diagnosis of porphyria is often missed or usually misdiagnosed as polyneuropathy or encephalopathy, or psychiatric disease. This case report is a reminder to physicians regarding porphyric neuropathy and psychiatric involvement associated with porphyria.</jats:p