Integrative Beschulung von deutschen und nichtdeutschen Schülern mit Förderbedarf. Ein regionaler Vergleich der Kreise und kreisfreien Städte in NRW

Dieser Beitrag geht zwei Fragen nach: 1. Werden Schüler mit Förderbedarf vermehrt in allgemeinen Schulen integrativ beschult? 2. Zeigen sich auch bei der integrativen Förderung Unterschiede nach deutschen und nichtdeutschen Schülern? (DIPF/Orig.

Working towards an Improved Monitoring Infrastructure to support Disaster Management, Humanitarian Relief and Civil Security

Within this paper experiences and results from the work in the context of the European Initiative on Global Monitoring for Environment and Security (GMES) as they were gathered within the German Remote Sensing Data Center (DFD) are reported. It is described how data flows, analysis methods and information networks can be improved to allow better and faster access to remote sensing data and information in order to support the management of crisis situations. This refers to all phases of a crisis or disaster situation, including preparedness, response and recovery. Above the infrastructure and information flow elements, example cases of different crisis situations in the context of natural disasters, humanitarian relief activities and civil security are discussed. This builds on the experiences gained during the very active participation in the network of Excellence on Global Monitoring for Stability and Security (GMOSS), the GMES Service Element RESPOND, focussing on Humanitarian Relief Support and supporting the International Charter on Space and Major Disasters as well as while linking closely to national, European and international entities related to civil human security. It is suggested to further improve the network of national and regional centres of excellence in this context in order to improve local, regional and global monitoring capacities. Only when optimum interoperability and information flow can be achieved among systems and data providers on one hand side and the decision makers on the other, efficient monitoring and analysis capacities can be established successfully

Migrationshintergrund - eine Frage der Definition!

Zur Bildung des statistischen Konstrukts \u27Migrationshintergrund\u27 werden seit einiger Zeit ergänzend zur Staatsangehörigkeit weitere Merkmale, wie zum Beispiel das Geburtsland der Eltern oder auch die Familiensprache, erhoben, um so für Bildungsplanung wie für Bildungsforschung aussagekräftigere Daten zu gewinnen. Allerdings zeigt sich, dass sowohl für die amtlichen Statistiken als auch in der Bildungsforschung nicht durchgehend die gleichen Merkmale miteinander kombiniert werden, um den \u27Migrationshintergrund\u27 zu erfassen. Dies wird im Folgenden dargestellt und am Beispiel der Schulstatistik gezeigt, welche Probleme, insbesondere hinsichtlich der Vergleichbarkeit von Ergebnissen, sich infolge der unterschiedlichen Definitionen des \u27Migrationshintergrunds\u27 ergeben. (DIPF/Orig.)For some time now, features like parents\u27 country of origin or the family language have been surveyed in addition to citizenship in order to collect more valid data for education planning and educational research. Each of the formed indicators is labelled \u27migration background\u27. However, it is clear that the operationalisation used in governments statistics and educational research is not consistent over different studies. The present contribution aims at illustrating this inconsistency with data from the German school statistics. It will be demonstrated which problems stem from the heterogeneity in the definition of \u27migration background\u27 - especially for the comparability of results from different studies. (DIPF/Orig.

Zum Schulerfolg von separiert und integriert beschulten Migranten mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf in Deutschland - am Beispiel des Bundeslandes Rheinland-Pfalz

Der Schulerfolg von Schülern mit Migrationshintergrund in Deutschland, die einen sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf aufweisen, wird in Abhängigkeit von der Beschulungsform für separiert und integriert beschulte Schüler analysiert. Exemplarisch wird das Bundesland Rheinland-Pfalz ausgewählt, da für dieses Land die erforderlichen schulstatistischen Individualdaten zur Verfügung stehen. Es werden zwei analytische Perspektiven verfolgt: Zum einen werden Disparitäten im Schulerfolg zwischen integrativ und separiert beschulten Schülern mit sonderpädagogischem Förderbedarf aufgezeigt, zum anderen werden die Ergebnisse differenziert für Schüler mit und ohne Migrationshintergrund dargestellt. (DIPF/Orig.

Staatsangehörigkeitsspezifische Bildungsdisparitäten in Nordrhein-Westfalen (1). Welche Unterschiede bestehen in der Bildungsbeteiligung zwischen Schülern verschiedener Staatsangehörigkeit?

Der Beitrag geht auf Ursachen der Bildungsbenachteiligung von ausländischen Schülern ein. Für die allgemein bildenden Schulen in Nordrhein-Westfalen wird empirisch untersucht, in welchem Umfang sich eine ungleiche Bildungsbeteiligung für Schüler unterschiedlicher Staatsangehörigkeit ausmachen lässt. (DIPF/Orig.)

Massively Parallel Sort-Merge Joins in Main Memory Multi-Core Database Systems

Two emerging hardware trends will dominate the database system technology in the near future: increasing main memory capacities of several TB per server and massively parallel multi-core processing. Many algorithmic and control techniques in current database technology were devised for disk-based systems where I/O dominated the performance. In this work we take a new look at the well-known sort-merge join which, so far, has not been in the focus of research in scalable massively parallel multi-core data processing as it was deemed inferior to hash joins. We devise a suite of new massively parallel sort-merge (MPSM) join algorithms that are based on partial partition-based sorting. Contrary to classical sort-merge joins, our MPSM algorithms do not rely on a hard to parallelize final merge step to create one complete sort order. Rather they work on the independently created runs in parallel. This way our MPSM algorithms are NUMA-affine as all the sorting is carried out on local memory partitions. An extensive experimental evaluation on a modern 32-core machine with one TB of main memory proves the competitive performance of MPSM on large main memory databases with billions of objects. It scales (almost) linearly in the number of employed cores and clearly outperforms competing hash join proposals - in particular it outperforms the "cutting-edge" Vectorwise parallel query engine by a factor of four.Comment: VLDB201

Estimating Cardinalities with Deep Sketches

We introduce Deep Sketches, which are compact models of databases that allow us to estimate the result sizes of SQL queries. Deep Sketches are powered by a new deep learning approach to cardinality estimation that can capture correlations between columns, even across tables. Our demonstration allows users to define such sketches on the TPC-H and IMDb datasets, monitor the training process, and run ad-hoc queries against trained sketches. We also estimate query cardinalities with HyPer and PostgreSQL to visualize the gains over traditional cardinality estimators.Comment: To appear in SIGMOD'1

Evaluating the Impact of Employment Protection on Firm-Provided Training in an RDD Framework

This paper exploits exceptions in the application of employment protection legislation (EPL) to small firms beneath a particular size threshold to test the theoretical hypothesis that EPL increases the incentives of firms to train their employees in a regression discontinuity setting. Using firm-level data from Finland and Italy provides no empirical evidence for this hypothesis. In fact, the results rather suggest a potentially negative impact, which is unstable across empirical specifications though. We test whether this might be due to a negative selection of employees by comparing firms with low and high shares of old employees. The insignificantly higher effect of EPL for firms with older workers provides at best suggestive evidence that EPL affects training negatively though