800-km long N-S spreading system of the North Fiji Basin

International audienc

Seasonal migration of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) over the Bohai Sea in northern China

The rice leaf roller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis (Guenée), is a serious insect pest of rice with a strong migratory ability. Previous studies on the migration of C. medinalis were mostly carried out in tropical or subtropical regions, however, and what the pattern of seasonal movements this species exhibits in temperate regions (i.e. Northern China, where they cannot overwinter) remains unknown. Here we present data from an 11-year study of this species made by searchlight trapping on Beihuang Island (BH, 38°24′N; 120°55′E) in the centre of the Bohai Strait, which provides direct evidence that C. medinalis regularly migrates across this sea into northeastern agricultural region of China, and to take advantage of the abundant food resources there during the summer season. There was considerable seasonal variation in number of C. medinalis trapped on BH, and the migration period during 2003–2013 ranged from 72 to 122 days. Some females trapped in June and July showed a relatively higher proportion of mated and a degree of ovarian development suggesting that the migration of this species is not completely bound by the ‘oogenesis-flight syndrome’. These findings revealed a new route for C. medinalis movements to and from Northeastern China, which will help us develop more effective management strategies against this pest

Analysis of seafloor seismograms of the 2003 Tokachi-Oki earthquake sequence for earthquake early warning

Author Posting. © American Geophysical Union, 2008. This article is posted here by permission of American Geophysical Union for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Geophysical Research Letters 35 (2008): L14310, doi:10.1029/2008GL033986.Earthquake Early Warning (EEW) algorithms estimate the magnitude of an underway rupture from the first few seconds of the P-wave to allow hazard assessment and mitigation before the S-wave arrival. Many large subduction-zone earthquakes initiate 50–150 km offshore, potentially allowing seafloor instruments sufficient time to identify large ruptures before the S-waves reach land. We tested an EEW algorithm using accelerograms recorded offshore Hokkaido in the region of the 2003 Mw 8.1 Tokachi-Oki earthquake and its aftershocks. A wavelet transform of the first ∼4 s of the P-wave concentrates information about earthquake magnitude from both waveform amplitude and frequency content. We find that wavelets with support of a few seconds provide discriminants for EEW that are both accurate enough to be useful and superior to peak acceleration or peak velocity. Additionally, we observe a scaling of wavelet coefficient magnitude above Mw 6.0 indicating that, at least for the mainshock (Mw 8.1) and largest aftershock (Mw 7.1), the final size of a rupture could have been estimated from the initial portion of the seismogram.This work was supported by the Deep Ocean Exploration Institute at WHOI

Development of highly radiopure NaI(Tl) scintillator for PICOLON dark matter search project

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Development of highly radiopure NaI(Tl) scintillator for PICOLON dark matter search project

Highly radiopure NaI(Tl) was developed to search for particle candidates of dark matter. Optimized methods were combined to reduce various radioactive impurities. 40K was effectively reduced by the recrystallization method. The progenies of the decay chains of uranium and thorium were reduced by appropriate resins. The concentration of natural potassium in NaI(Tl) crystal was reduced to 20 ppb. Concentrations of alpha-ray emitters were successfully reduced by appropriate resin selection. The present concentrations of the thorium series and 226Ra were 1.2±1.4μBq/kg and 13±4μBq/kg, respectively. No significant excess in the concentration of 210Pb was obtained, and the upper limit was 5.7 μBq/kg at 90% CL. The achieved level of radiopurity of NaI(Tl) crystals makes the construction of a dark matter detector possible

貧血症における自覚症状の応答について : 第4報 運動能力・体力テストとの関連(自然科学篇)

This research is based on the athletic ability and physical fitness tests conducted on freshmen students who entered college in 1986. The students were classified according to their Hb values, and from this, the following conclusions were drawn. The Hb value groups are as follows : I) By 12.0g/dl Group N : normal value group (Hb≧12.0g/dl) Group A : lower value group (Hb<12.0g/dl) II) By average value and standard deviation Group 1 : Hb<12.57 Group 2 : 12.57≦Hb<13.24 Group 3 : 13.24≦Hb<13.92 Group 4 : 13.92≦Hb 1) Athletic ability was below the national average on all three tests, but especially noticeable in the endurance running test. 2) Of the physical fitness tests, agilty, muscular strength, endurance and flexibility were lower than the national average. 3) Of the physical fitness test, muscular power was, although minimal, above the national average. 4) The frequency of anemia was 10.5%, which shows a decrease compared to the past tests. 5) From the athletic ability tests and the physical fitness tests conducted on one group of healthy students and another of anemic students, the healthy group scored better in vertical jump, but no significant differense could be observed in other parts of the test. The most important point in developing health activities is to suitably take up and deal with the mental or physical complaints of the student concerned. Anemia is apt to be overlooked and left as it is, if it is not so serious. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a system for health control in which students get not only the results of the health check-ups but also an appropriate guidance based on their actual daily life environment. Although it cannot be concluded from this survey that anemia causes decline of athletic ability, it is true that there is an increasing number of freshmen who are weak in physical strength. We believe that the time has come to reconsider physical education and its goals

貧血症における自覚症状の応答について : 第3報 保健行動とCMIとの関連(自然科学篇)

Anemia has some effect on students\u27 college life which centers on studies and sports. Especially as to female students, their hemoglobin values are essentially lower than those of male students ; and quite a few female students have a slight tendency of anemia. This research is a comparative study of hemoglobin values which are classified into different groups, and it attemps to make clear the relationship between Subjective symptoms of anemia and their hemoglobin values in terms of students\u27 living environment factors and health behavior. Hb value groups are as follows : I) By 12.0 g/dl Group N : normal value group (Hb≧12.0 g/dl) Group A : lower value group (Hb<12.0 g/dl) II) Group S : normal value group but lower (12.0≦Hb<12.7 g/dl) Group N_2 : normal value group but higher (12.7≦Hb) III) For sophomores : Four groups depending on changes in Hb values, 1. : Subjects who belong to Group A, who used to belong to Group A at the time of freshmen. 2. : Subjects who belong to Group N, who used to belong to Group A at the time of freshmen. 3. : Subjects who belong to Group A, who used to belong to Group N at the time of freshmen. 4. : Subjects who belong to Group N, who used to belong to Group N at the time of freshmen. 1. The frequency of anemia as for freshmen students was 9.4%, which showed a decrease compared to the past. 2. A drastic chaqge in the frequency of anemia as for freshmen and sophomore decreased by a rate of 6.2%. 3. Hb values correlated positively with the weight of students. 4. As for the environment of main residence where the students grew up, quite a number of students in group A found to be living in the local cnmmunity shopping area. This number in group A showed a significant difference from that of group N. 5. As for a part of Cardiovascular system, Digestive tract, Musculoskeletal system, Nervous system and Miscellaneous disease, there were quite a number of students in group A who complained in CMI, and a significant difference was observed. 6. A part of students in group A behaved undesirably in terms of health behavior, while the number of students in group N who behaved undesirably was prominent, and a significant difference was odserved. The most important point in developing the health behavior is to take up and deal with suitably a mental or physical complaint of the student concerned. Anemia is apt to be overlooked and left as it is, if it is not so serious. It is, therefore, necessary to establish a system for health control in which students get not only the result of the health check-up but also an appropriate guidance based on their actual daily life environment. The proposed system for health control would be useful to maintain a healthy life, for female students in their early stage of adolecence suffer more frequently from anemia than from any other disease. It is also important to enhance the awareness of health through health education, and to review the daily life for the improvement of life and health behavior by synthesising knowledge on health