Karyotype structure and chromosome fragility in the grass Phleum echinatum Host

Phleum echinatum Host (2n = 2x = 10) is an annual Mediterranean species which differs from other representatives of the genus Phleum by reduced chromosome number, asymmetric karyotype and unusually high amount of DNA in the genome. Chromosomes of this plant were studied using conventional acetic-orcein staining and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). FISH showed the major 35S ribosomal DNA (rDNA) site at the secondary constriction of satellite chromosome (3) and the minor 35S rDNA site near 5S rDNA cluster in the monobrachial chromosome 5. Telomeric repeats were detected at all chromosome ends within secondary constriction in satellited chromosome 3 and at the centromeric regions of chromosomes 1 and 2. Intrachromosomally located telomeric repeats are probably traces of chromosomal rearrangements that have shaped P.echinatum genome; they were prone to breakage which was manifested in chromosome fragmentation. The most distinct telomeric signals, suggesting massive amplification of interstitial telomeric sequences (ITRs), were observed at the nucleolar organizer region (NOR) of the third chromosome pair. Double FISH confirmed co-localization of telomeric and 35S rDNA repeats in this locus characterized by the biggest fragility in the karyotype. Fragile sites of P.echinatum, composed of amplified telomeric repeats, may bear a resemblance to metazoan rare fragile sites enriched in microsatellite repeats

Abschlussbericht für das BMBF-Vorhaben

Das Ziel des Verbundprojektes TWIND war, für zentrale Themen der Lehrprofessionalisierung fachdidaktisch systematisch integrierte multimediale digitale Lehr-Lernpakete (kurz: Medienpakete) zur qualitätssichernden, effektiven und phasenübergreifenden Förderung (inkl. Überprüfung) der Handlungskompetenzen (angehender) Lehrkräfte im gewerblich-technischen und kaufmännisch-verwaltenden sowie im allgemeinbildenden Bereich zur Verfügung zu stellen. Um eine bundesweite Vernetzung und den Transfer zu ermöglichen, sind die neu entwickelten, erprobten und evaluierten digitalen Medienpakete über verschiedene Onlineplattformen wie den VCRP oder ZOERR als Open Educational Resources (OER) frei zugänglich zur Verfügung gestellt worden. Ausgangspunkt für die kompetenz- und praxisorientierte inhaltliche Ausgestaltung war ein – auf Basis bestehender evidenzbasierter Konzepte und vorangegangener QLB-Projekte in Abstimmung zwischen Fachdidaktiken, Fach- und Bildungswissenschaften entwickeltes – standortübergreifendes integratives Modell für die verschiedenen Phasen der beruflichen Lehrerbildung. TWIND hat thematisch fokussierte digitale Medienpakete mit Lehr-Lernmaterialen für einen breiten Nutzerkreis zur Verfügung gestellt, die situationsspezifisch adaptiv eingesetzt werden können. Der Implementierungsprozess wurde wissenschaftlich begleitet und evaluiert, neben einem etablierten externen Monitoring ist die Nutzung und die Wirksamkeit der digitalen Medienpakete in einem kontrollierten quasi-experimentellen Prä-Post-Vergleichsgruppen-Design an den (assoziierten) Partnerstandorten inklusive der Studienseminare und Berufsschulen untersucht worden. Auf Basis dieser Evaluation sind die entwickelten Medienpakete modifiziert und erste Aussagen zu einer fachdidaktisch akzentuierten, kompetenz- und praxisorientierten, die Digitalisierung einbeziehenden Lehrerbildung für berufliche Schulen generiert worden. Datei-Upload durch TIBThe aim of the TWIND project was to provide systematically integrated multimedia digital teaching and learning packages (in short: media packages) for central topics of teaching professionalization for the quality-assuring, effective and cross-phase promotion (including testing) of the skills of (prospective) teachers in the industrial-technical and commercial-administrative as well as general education sectors. In order to facilitate nationwide networking and transfer, the newly developed, tested and evaluated digital media packages have been made freely available as Open Educational Resources (OER) via various online platforms such as the VCRP or ZOERR. The starting point for the competence- and practice-oriented content design was a cross-location integrative model for the various phases of vocational teacher training - developed on the basis of existing evidence-based concepts and previous QLB projects in coordination between subject didactics, subject and educational sciences. TWIND has made thematically focused digital media packages with teaching and learning materials available to a wide range of users, which can be used adaptively for specific situations. The implementation process was scientifically supported and evaluated; in addition to established external monitoring, the use and effectiveness of the digital media packages was analyzed in a controlled quasi-experimental pre-post comparison group design at the (associated) partner locations, including the study seminars and vocational schools. On the basis of this evaluation, the media packages developed were modified and initial statements were generated on a didactically accentuated, skills- and practice-oriented teacher training for vocational schools that incorporates digitalization

The Influence of Moderate Hypercapnia on Neural Activity in the Anesthetized Nonhuman Primate

Hypercapnia is often used as vasodilatory challenge in clinical applications and basic research. In functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI), elevated CO2 is applied to derive stimulus-induced changes in the cerebral rate of oxygen consumption (CMRO2) by measuring cerebral blood flow and blood-oxygenation-level–dependent (BOLD) signal. Such methods, however, assume that hypercapnia has no direct effect on CMRO2. In this study, we used combined intracortical recordings and fMRI in the visual cortex of anesthetized macaque monkeys to show that spontaneous neuronal activity is in fact significantly reduced by moderate hypercapnia. As expected, measurement of cerebral blood volume using an exogenous contrast agent and of BOLD signal showed that both are increased during hypercapnia. In contrast to this, spontaneous fluctuations of local field potentials in the beta and gamma frequency range as well as multiunit activity are reduced by ∼15% during inhalation of 6% CO2 (pCO2 = 56 mmHg). A strong tendency toward a reduction of neuronal activity was also found at CO2 inhalation of 3% (pCO2 = 45 mmHg). This suggests that CMRO2 might be reduced during hypercapnia and caution must be exercised when hypercapnia is applied to calibrate the BOLD signal

Brief von Richard Kliefoth an Adolf Erman

Dank für Auskunft; will Ziel weiter verfolgen.Vermerk Erman „beantwortet“, 22.11.1901Handschrif