Synthesis of N'-(Substituted)-2-(4-(3-nitroimidazo[1,2-b]pyridazin-6-yl)piperazin-1- yl)acetohydrazides and their 1,3,4-Oxadiazole Derivatives: Characterization, Antimicrobial Activity and Molecular Docking Studies

The growing pharmaceutical relevance of drug-resistant pathogens has necessitated the emergence of new treatment medicines. In this scenario, a novel series of N′-(substituted)-2-(4-(3-nitroimidazo[1,2-b]- pyridazin-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl)acetohydrazides and 1-(2-(substituted)-5-((4-(3-nitroimidazo[1,2- b]pyridazin-6-yl)piperazin-1-yl)methyl)-1,3,4-oxadiazol-3 (2H)-yl)ethan-1-ones have been synthesized and characterized by 1H &amp; 13C NMR spectral data and screened for antimicrobial activity, as well as molecular docking studies. The synthesized compounds were tested against Escherichia coli (1668), Bacillus cereus (1272), Candida albicans (854) by using disc diffusion method. Among all the synthesized compounds 3c and 4c exhibit good potent antimicrobial activity against Escherichia coli, 3a, 4c against Bacillus cereus and 4a, 4c against Candida albicans. The Auto-Dock 4.2/ADT application was performed to investigate the binding interaction of the synthesized compounds with BAX protein. Among all the synthesized compounds 4e, 4a, 3e and 3a showed the highest binding affinity (-8.0, -7.5, -7.0 and -6.9 Kcal/mol) with BAX protein.</jats:p

Vitamin D levels and mortality with SARS-COV-2 infection: a retrospective two-centre cohort study

AbstractBackgroundThe role of vitamin D in increased mortality with SARS-COV-2 virus, namely, COVID-19, remains uncertain. We analysed all the patients who were treated as COVID-19-positive with or without a positive swab and were tested for vitamin D levels.MethodsThis was a retrospective, study involving 1226 patients swabbed for SARS-CoV-2 between the 10 February 2020 and 1 May 2020 at two hospitals of East Sussex Healthcare NHS Trust. Patients who were swab-positive for COVID-19 or treated as COVID-19-positive on clinical grounds even though swab results were negative were included in this study. We analysed the association of vitamin D levels and mortality, assessing linear and non-linear associations.ResultsA total of 1226 patients had SARS-CoV-2 RNA swabs in this period with age range from 1 year to 101 years. A cohort of 433 of these patients had swabs and recent vitamin D levels anytime in the previous 3 months. Mortality rates were not found to be associated with vitamin D levels (OR=1.04, 95% CI 0.96 to 1.12).ConclusionOur findings suggest similar mortality risk from COVID-19 irrespective of the levels of vitamin D. Larger prospective studies will be needed to confirm these findings.</jats:sec