Widefield heterodyne interferometry using a custom CMOS modulated light camera

In this paper a method of taking widefield heterodyne inter- ferograms using a prototype modulated light camera is described. This custom CMOS modulated light camera (MLC) uses analogue quadrature demodulation at each pixel to output the phase and amplitude of the modu- lated light as DC voltages. The heterodyne interference fringe patterns are generated using an acousto-optical frequency shifter (AOFS) in an arm of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. Widefield images of fringe patterns acquired using the prototype MLC are presented. The phase can be measured to an accuracy of ±6.6◦. The added value of this method to acquire widefield images are discussed along with the advantages

Increased osmotic sensitivity for antidiuretic response in chronic chagas' disease

O limiar de sensibilidade osmótíca para obtenção de resposta antídiurética foi avaliado em 31 pacientes com a forma crônica da moléstia de Chagas, através de infusão de salina hipertônica ou desidratação. Os resultados, quando comparados com os obtidos em 16 pacientes-controle, mostram uma sensibilidade osmótíca aumentada para os chagásicos, dados os menores valores do incremento na osmolaridade plasmática, suficiente para induzir uma queda significativa na depuração de água livre, sem alterações na depuração osmolar ou na excreção de creatínina. Também, o tempo necessário para atingir a antídiurese foi mais curto para os chagásicos do que para os controles. Os resultados sugerem a existência de um distúrbio na osmorregulação, nos pacientes chagásicos, caracterizado por uma sensibilidade osmótíca aumentada dos osmorreceptores para liberação da vasopressina. Estes dados interpretam-se como conseqüente à desnervação em áreas hipotalâmicas ou extra-hipotalâmicas, relacionadas com a secreção do hormônio antidiurético, na doença de Chagas.The osmotic threshold for attaining the antidiuretic response to hypertonic saline infusion and Progressive dehydration was studied in 31 patients with the chronic form of Chagas' disease and 16 control patients. The chagasic patients exhibited enhanced osmoticsensitivity to the antidiuretic response. This was demonstrated by lower values of the increments in plasma osmolarity sufficient to induce a significant fall in water clearance, without alterations in the osmolar clearance or creatinine excretion. The time needed to attain the antidiuretic response was shorterfor chagasics in relation to normal subjects. The results suggest the existence of a disturbance in the fine control of osmoregulation in the chagasic patients. They are interpreted to be a consequence of the denervation in hypothalamic or extrahypothalamic areas that regulate the secretion of vasopressin in chronic Chagas' disease

Widefield two laser interferometry

A novel system has been developed that can capture the wide- field interference pattern generated by interfering two independent and incoherent laser sources. The interferograms are captured using a custom CMOS modulated light camera (MLC) which is capable of demodulating light in the megahertz region. Two stabilised HeNe lasers were constructed in order to keep the optical frequency difference (beat frequency) between the beams within the operational range of the camera. This system is based on previously reported work of an ultrastable heterodyne interferometer [Opt. Express 20, 17722 (2012)]. The system used an electronic feedback system to mix down the heterodyne signal captured at each pixel on the camera to cancel out the effects of time varying piston phase changes observed across the array. In this paper, a similar technique is used to track and negate the effects of beat frequency variations across the two laser pattern. This technique makes it possible to capture the full field interferogram caused by interfering two independent lasers even though the beat frequency is effectively random. As a demonstration of the system’s widefield interferogram capture capability, an image of a phase shifting object is taken using a very simple two laser interferometer

Antitumor studies. Part 3: Design, synthesis, antitumor activity, and molecular docking study of novel 2-methylthio-, 2-amino-, and 2-(N-substituted amino)-10-alkyl-2-deoxo-5-deazaflavins

Various novel 10-alkyl-2-deoxo-2-methylthio-5-deazaflavins have been synthesized by reaction of 6-(N-alkylanilino)-2-methylthiopyrimidin-4(3H)-ones with Vilsmeier reagent. The similar 2-(N-substituted amino) derivatives were prepared by nucleophilic replacement reaction of the 2-methylthio moiety by appropriate amines. The 2-oxo derivatives (i.e., 5-deazaflavins) were obtained by acidic hydrolysis of the 2-methylthio derivatives. The antitumor activities against CCRF-HSB-2 and KB cells and the antiviral activities against HSV-1 and HSV-2 have been investigated in vitro, and many compounds showed promising antitumor activities. Furthermore, AutoDock molecular docking into PTK has been done for lead optimization of these compounds as potential PTK inhibitors. Whereas, the designed 2-deoxo-5-deazaflavins connected with amino acids at the 2-position exhibited the good binding affinities into PTK with more hydrogen bonds

Primary care physicians' perceptions concerning engagement in cancer survivor care

Background: Given the growing diversity among cancer survivors and the fact that oncologists typically do not perform long-term care, the expected role of primary care physicians (PCPs) in survivor care is expanding. However, communication and collaboration between oncologists and PCPs are lacking. Therefore, we assessed the perception of cancer survivor care among PCPs. Methods: We sent a questionnaire to 767 Japanese Board-certified PCPs, regardless of facility type (clinics and hospitals), inquiring about PCPs' perceptions of their role in survivor care. Additionally, we included vignette-based scenarios focused on colorectal and prostate cancer survivors to explore factors associated with their clinical decisions. Results: We obtained 91 replies (response rate: 11.9%). A total of 75% of PCPs had encountered at least 1 cancer patient in actual practice. Even for patients actively receiving cancer treatment, >70% of PCPs reported that they were willing to engage in comprehensive survivor care, except for the administration of anticancer drugs. Further, 49% of PCPs considered that both PCPs and oncologists were suited to performing regular screening for cancer recurrence in high-risk patients. Multivariable logistic regression analyses revealed that clinic PCPs were less inclined to conduct screening for recurrence than hospital PCPs in both colorectal (odds ratio, 3.85 [95% confidence interval 1.40-10.6]) and prostate (4.36 [95% confidence interval 1.51-12.6]) cancer scenarios. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that Japanese PCPs are willing to engage in survivor care and encourage closer collaboration between oncologists and PCPs. However, oncologists might need to request cooperation, considering the facility type with which PCPs are affiliated

AERODYNAMIC EFFECTS OF A PANEL ORIENTATION IN VOLLEYBALL FLOAT SERVE

The purpose of this study was to clarify the aerodynamic and trajectory characteristics on four type volleyballs using the wind tunnel experiments and a hitting robot. We confirmed, in particular, that the critical Reynolds number (Recr) changed depending on the ball types and panel orientations. Recr for Mizuno ball (conventional) was determined to be ~2.8 × 105 (Drag coefficient; Cd = 0.16) on panel orientation A and ∼2.0 × 105 (Cd = 0.20) on panel orientation B. On the other hand, Recr for Mikasa ball (Olympic Official) was ∼2.9 × 105 (Cd = 0.16) in the panel orientation A and ∼3.3 × 105 (Cd = 0.15) in panel orientation B. Moreover, we found that the landing position of all volleyballs varied depending on the ball type and the orientation of the panel. In particular, Molten ball has a longer flight distance than other balls and its landing point was biased toward the left side. On the other hand, Mikasa ball had a relatively short flight trajectory and its landing point was biased to the right. Therefore, it can be hypothesized that during a float serve, the flight trajectory will change depending on the type of volleyball and their orientation

Peak risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection within 5 s of face-to-face encounters: an observational/retrospective study

journal articl

Os novos desafios da psicologia: a atuação nos Núcleos de Atenção à Saúde da Família (NASF)

O objetivo da pesquisa foi compreender a inserção das psicólogas no Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) e os seus impactos para formação em Psicologia, a partir da abordagem da Psicologia Sócio-Histórica. Pretendeu compreender de que forma o trabalho no contexto da Saúde Pública pode ter ampliado a atuação da Psicologia, uma área que, até meados dos anos 90, teve sua predominância no contexto clínico particular, e quais as repercussões dessa mudança na formação. Buscou traçar as dificuldades e alterações vivenciadas na prática dos profissionais e na ampliação do que é “exercer a Psicologia”. A metodologia proposta é a pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso, com a realização de conversações semi-abertas, com psicólogas atuantes (durante o presente momento da pesquisa), ou que já tenham atuado nos NASFs do município de São Paulo, analisadas a partir do levantamento de núcleos de significação. Verificou-se um ensino de graduação predominantemente voltado à clínica individual, que não trouxe amparos suficientes para a inserção na Saúde Pública. O atual desmonte das Políticas Públicas é sentido como um retrocesso na atenção à saúde e, em especial, em Saúde Mental; também aumenta o medo do desemprego e a instabilidade gerados pela terceirização dos serviços, ou seja, a precarização do trabalho. Quanto às tecnologias de cuidado referidas pelas entrevistadas, novos dispositivos para a intervenção profissional foram apresentados: matriciamento, projetos terapêuticos singulares, clínica ampliada, acolhimento, visitas domiciliares, atendimentos compartilhados coexistindo com as atividades grupais, as reuniões de equipes e discussões de casos. Se por um lado é possível construir novos dispositivos para a prática profissional, que desafiam as lógicas do saber específico na atuação em saúde e do olhar individual, por outro se convive com o estranhamento que as rupturas promove