Extraktionskonzept bei multiplen vorzeitigen Milchzahnverlusten und horizontaler Verlagerung eines Eckzahnes

Eine 9-jährige Patientin stellte sich mit multiplen Stützzoneneinbrüchen durch kariesbedingte vorzeitige Milchzahnverluste, einem vollretinierten, horizontal verlagerten Zahn 33, Mittellinienverschiebung sowie einem Unterkieferengstand zur kieferorthopädischen Beratung vor. Initial wurde im Ober- und Unterkiefer durch das Tragen aktiver Platten ein Fortschreiten der Stützzoneneinbrüche verhindert, Milchzahnextraktionen durchgeführt und auf den verzögerten Durchbruch der Prämolaren gewartet. Im Alter von 10 Jahren wurden die Zähne 14, 24 und 44 extrahiert, sowie die operative Entfernung des verlagerten Zahnes 33 durchgeführt. In einer knapp 2-jährigen Multibracket-Therapie wurden die Zähne 44, 45, 46 mesialisiert und Zahn 44 an Eckzahnposition im 4. Quadranten eingestellt. Die verbleibenden Extraktionslücken wurden geschlossen und die Oberkiefermitte eingestellt

Interrelation between the isoscalar octupole phonon and the proton-neutron mixed-symmetry quadrupole phonon in near spherical nuclei

The interrelation between the octupole phonon and the low-lying proton-neutron mixed-symmetry quadrupole phonon in near-spherical nuclei is investigated. The one-phonon states decay by collective E3 and E2 transitions to the ground state and by relatively strong E1 and M1 transitions to the isoscalar 2+ state. We apply the proton-neutron version of the Interacting Boson Model including quadrupole and octupole bosons (sdf-IBM-2). Two F-spin symmetric dynamical symmetry limits of the model, namely the vibrational and the \gamma-unstable ones, are considered. We derive analytical formulae for excitation energies as well as B(E1), B(M1), B(E2) and B(E3) values for a number of transitions between low-lying states.Comment: 25 pages, 3 figures, LaTeX, epsfig. Nucl. Phys. A (in press

Extended shell-model calculation for even N=82 isotones with realistic effective interactions

The shell model within the $2s1d0g_{7/2}0h_{11/2}$ shell is applied to calculate nuclear structure properties of the even Z=52 - 62, N=82 isotones. The results are compared with experimental data and with the results of a quasiparticle random-phase approximation (QRPA) calculation. The interaction used in these calculations is a realistic two-body G-matrix interaction derived from modern meson-exchange potential models for the nucleon-nucleon interaction. For the shell model all the two-body matrix elements are renormalized by the $\hat{Q}$-box method whereas for the QRPA the effective interaction is defined by the G-matrix.Comment: 25 pages, Elsevier latex style. Submitted to Nuclear Physics

Anharmonic collective excitation in a solvable model

We apply the time-dependent variational principle, the nuclear field theory, and the boson expansion method to the Lipkin model to discuss anharmonicities of collective vibrational excitations. It is shown that all of these approaches lead to the same anharmonicity to leading order in the number of particles. Comparison with the exact solution of the Lipkin model shows that these theories reproduce it quite well.Comment: RevTex, 18 pages, 4 postscript figure

Microbes in beach sands : integrating environment, ecology and public health

Author Posting. © The Author(s), 2014. This is the author's version of the work. It is posted here by permission of Springer for personal use, not for redistribution. The definitive version was published in Reviews in Environmental Science and Bio/Technology 13 (2014): 329-368, doi:10.1007/s11157-014-9340-8.Beach sand is a habitat that supports many microbes, including viruses, bacteria, fungi and protozoa (micropsammon). The apparently inhospitable conditions of beach sand environments belie the thriving communities found there. Physical factors, such as water availability and protection from insolation; biological factors, such as competition, predation, and biofilm formation; and nutrient availability all contribute to the characteristics of the micropsammon. Sand microbial communities include autochthonous species/phylotypes indigenous to the environment. Allochthonous microbes, including fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) and waterborne pathogens, are deposited via waves, runoff, air, or animals. The fate of these microbes ranges from death, to transient persistence and/or replication, to establishment of thriving populations (naturalization) and integration in the autochthonous community. Transport of the micropsammon within the habitat occurs both horizontally across the beach, and vertically from the sand surface and ground water table, as well as at various scales including interstitial flow within sand pores, sediment transport for particle-associated microbes, and the large-scale processes of wave action and terrestrial runoff. The concept of beach sand as a microbial habitat and reservoir of FIB and pathogens has begun to influence our thinking about human health effects associated with sand exposure and recreational water use. A variety of pathogens have been reported from beach sands, and recent epidemiology studies have found some evidence of health risks associated with sand exposure. Persistent or replicating populations of FIB and enteric pathogens have consequences for watershed/beach management strategies and regulatory standards for safe beaches. This review summarizes our understanding of the community structure, ecology, fate, transport, and public health implications of microbes in beach sand. It concludes with recommendations for future work in this vastly under-studied area.2015-05-0

Comparison of laboratory and immediate diagnosis of coagulation for patients under oral anticoagulation therapy before dental surgery

BACKGROUND: Dental surgery can be carried out on patients under oral anticoagulation therapy by using haemostyptic measures. The aim of the study was a comparative analysis of coagulation by laboratory methods and immediate patient diagnosis on the day of the planned procedure. METHODS: On the planned day of treatment, diagnoses were carried out on 298 patients for Prothrombin Time (PT), the International Normalised Ratio (INR), and Partial Thromboplastin Time (PTT). The decision to proceed with treatment was made with an INR < 4.0 according to laboratory results. RESULTS: Planned treatment did not go ahead in 2.7% of cases. Postoperatively, 14.8% resulted in secondary bleeding, but were able to be treated as out-patients. 1.7% had to be treated as in-patients. The average error between the immediate diagnosis and the laboratory method: 95% confidence interval was -5.8 ± 15.2% for PT, -2.7 ± 17.9 s for PTT and 0.23 ± 0.80 for INR. The limits for concordance were 9.4 and -21.1% for PT, 15.2 and -20.5 s for PTT, and 1.03 and -0.57 for INR. CONCLUSION: This study showed a clinically acceptable concordance between laboratory and immediate diagnosis for INR. Concordance for PT and PTT did not meet clinical requirements. For patients under oral anticoagulation therapy, patient INR diagnosis enabled optimisation of the treatment procedure when planning dental surgery