Transition space: navigating dilemmas between mainstream and minority language classrooms

From policymaking to classroom practices, educational language policy implementation is a complex process filled with a cacophony of voices. This article examines policy implementation as it unfolds in micro-level transitions between mainstream classrooms and lessons in Sámi, Kven, or Finnish as a second language (SKF) in Norway. In such situations, SKF pupils need to leave their mainstream classes to receive their language instruction. To examine these transitions, I draw primarily from ethnographic data (e.g., classroom observations and semi-structured interviews) collected over several months in public schools in a town in Northern Norway. The findings suggest that organizational circumstances construct an in-between space, which I refer to as transition space, in which classroom actors can or need to negotiate and make choices about which of the theoretically co-available classes/activities will be chosen at which times. Such choices involve dilemmas and consequences on different scales. In this study, (1) I demonstrate how (non) movements between mainstream and SKF classes are made in time and space, and (2) I propose transition space as a new conceptualization for researching micro-level transitions in educational settings

A multi-disciplinary perspective on emergent and future innovations in peer review [version 2; referees: 2 approved]

Peer review of research articles is a core part of our scholarly communication system. In spite of its importance, the status and purpose of peer review is often contested. What is its role in our modern digital research and communications infrastructure? Does it perform to the high standards with which it is generally regarded? Studies of peer review have shown that it is prone to bias and abuse in numerous dimensions, frequently unreliable, and can fail to detect even fraudulent research. With the advent of web technologies, we are now witnessing a phase of innovation and experimentation in our approaches to peer review. These developments prompted us to examine emerging models of peer review from a range of disciplines and venues, and to ask how they might address some of the issues with our current systems of peer review. We examine the functionality of a range of social Web platforms, and compare these with the traits underlying a viable peer review system: quality control, quantified performance metrics as engagement incentives, and certification and reputation. Ideally, any new systems will demonstrate that they out-perform and reduce the biases of existing models as much as possible. We conclude that there is considerable scope for new peer review initiatives to be developed, each with their own potential issues and advantages. We also propose a novel hybrid platform model that could, at least partially, resolve many of the socio-technical issues associated with peer review, and potentially disrupt the entire scholarly communication system. Success for any such development relies on reaching a critical threshold of research community engagement with both the process and the platform, and therefore cannot be achieved without a significant change of incentives in research environments

Planverkets blindsone? En analyse av profesjonsfaglig digital kompetanse i emneplanbeskrivelser for barnehagelærerutdanning

Denne studien er en systematisk undersøkelse av hvordan profesjonsfaglig digital kompetanse fremgår av læringsutbyttebeskrivelser i obligatoriske emner på barnehagelærerutdanningene i Norge. Vi har gjennomført en innholdsanalyse av emneplaner til 15 forskjellige studieprogrammer for barnehagelærerutdanning, noe som har resultert i analyse av 100 forskjellige emneplanbeskrivelser. Til tross for at nasjonale retningslinjer slår fast at profesjonsfaglig digital kompetanse skal vektlegges i barnehagelærerutdanninger, behandles dette området først og fremst som et ferdighets- og kunnskapsområde i læringsutbyttebeskrivelsene. Kun to av 14 institusjoner har utarbeidet læringsutbyttebeskrivelser som er definert som generell kompetanse. Vi konkluderer i denne artikkelen med at det eksisterer et gap mellom nasjonale retningslinjer for norsk barnehagelærerutdanning og utarbeidelse av læringsutbyttebeskrivelser i lokale emneplaner

A multi-disciplinary perspective on emergent and future innovations in peer review

Peer review of research articles is a core part of our scholarly communication system. In spite of its importance, the status and purpose of peer review is often contested. What is its role in our modern digital research and communications infrastructure? Does it perform to the high standards with which it is generally regarded? Studies of peer review have shown that it is prone to bias and abuse in numerous dimensions, frequently unreliable, and can fail to detect even fraudulent research. With the advent of web technologies, we are now witnessing a phase of innovation and experimentation in our approaches to peer review. These developments prompted us to examine emerging models of peer review from a range of disciplines and venues, and to ask how they might address some of the issues with our current systems of peer review. We examine the functionality of a range of social Web platforms, and compare these with the traits underlying a viable peer review system: quality control, quantified performance metrics as engagement incentives, and certification and reputation. Ideally, any new systems will demonstrate that they out-perform and reduce the biases of existing models as much as possible. We conclude that there is considerable scope for new peer review initiatives to be developed, each with their own potential issues and advantages. We also propose a novel hybrid platform model that could, at least partially, resolve many of the socio-technical issues associated with peer review, and potentially disrupt the entire scholarly communication system. Success for any such development relies on reaching a critical threshold of research community engagement with both the process and the platform, and therefore cannot be achieved without a significant change of incentives in research environments

The role of Skolt Saami religious texts in language development and revitalization

The focus of this article is the role of translations of religious literature into Skolt Saami in the development of the Skolt Saami written language and in the process of language revitalization. The Orthodox Church has had a strong influence on the life of Skolt Saami people, however, the interaction between language and religion and its significance is usually overlooked in the research context. Firstly, this article describes the historical development of the Skolt Saami language with a focus on the religious domain from the Christianization of the Skolt Saami up until the present, also giving an overview of the existing religious literature translated into Skolt Saami. Secondly, the article discusses the importance of these texts in the broader context of the development of the Skolt Saami language and the modern process of language revitalization, examining the significance of Skolt Saami religious literature in relation to language documentation, language standardization, language attitudes, and language prestige. I will argue that the Skolt Saami religious texts have had a very crucial role in the development of Skolt Saami written form and also in the process of language revitalization, a role exceeding the boundaries of religion. The article points out that these texts have ultimately positively influenced the vitality of the language and have strengthened its position both inside and outside of the Skolt Saami language community

God speaks Skolt Sámi as well. Finnish Orthodox Church as a domain of language use among the Skolt Sámi in Sevettijärvi

This study describes how the Finnish Orthodox Church in Sevettijärvi functions as a domain of language use and furthermore analyses what role the Church has had in the process of the Skolt Sámi language revitalization. Many researchers have expressed the importance of the Orthodox Church in everyday life of Skolt Sámi, however none have focused on the Church in the Skolt Sámi context from a sociolinguistic point of view. This study builds on the theoretical concept of domains of language use developed by Joshua Fishman and examines the Finnish Orthodox Church in Sevettijärvi as a domain of language use. This thesis shows what factors influence the language choice in this domain, how the domain has developed, and how it has influenced the Skolt Sámi language outside this domain. Empirically, my study is based on ten semi-structured interviews and participant observation. I present my data divided into four main parts: religious literature, religious services, religious education, and other communication in the domain of the Orthodox Church (communication between the church and the members through media, between the clergy and parishioners, among parishioners and individual communication with the divine). In this thesis, I argue that the Orthodox Church has supported the Skolt Sámi language and its revitalization. At the same time, I show what hinders the further development of the Skolt Sámi language in this domain and what measures might be taken in order to strengthen the position of the Skolt Sámi language in the future

The Influence of Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Debt To Equity Ratio (Der) on Stock Prices in the Food and Beverage Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (BEI) 2018-2022

73 HalamanTujuan dilakuakan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh Net Profit Margin(NPM) dan Debt To Equity Ratio(DER) Terhadap Harga Saham Sektor Makanan dan Minuman Yang Terdaftar di Bursa Efek Indonesia (BEI) Tahun 2018-2022 . Jenis data penelitian ini adalah data sekunder yang bersumber dari laporan keuangan tahunan periode 2018-2022 pada perusahaan Sektor Makanan dan Minuman di BEI .Teknik pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling yaitu pengembalian sampelberdasarkan kriteria tertentu sehingga diperoleh 4 perusahaan yang menjadi sampel dalam penelitian ini. Pengolahan data dalam penelitian ini menggunakan SPSS. Jenis Penelitian ini adalah Asosiatif Kausal yaitu jenis penelitian yang bertujuan menganalisis hubungan sebab akibat antara variabel independen(variabel yang mempengaruhi) dan variabel dependen(variabel yang dipengaruhi). Populasi dalam penelitian ini adalah seluruh laporan keuangan pada Perusahaan Sektor Makanan dan Minuman yang terdaftar di BEI. The purpose of this research is to determine the effect of Net Profit Margin (NPM) and Debt To Equity Ratio (DER) on Stock Prices in the Food and Beverage Sector Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) for 2018-2022. This type of research data is secondary data sourced from the annual financial reports for the 2018-2022 period for companies in the Food and Beverage Sector on the IDX. The sampling technique used purposive sampling technique, namely returning samples based on certain criteria so that 4 companies were obtained as samples in this study. Data processing in this study uses SPSS. This type of research is Causal Associative, namely the type of research that aims to analyze the causal relationship between the independent variables (variables that influence) and the dependent variable (variables that are influenced). The population in this study are all financial statements in the Food and Beverage Sector Companies listed on the ID