Solar flares: waiting time characterization using a cellular automaton model

El modelo de avalanchas de Lu & Hamilton (LH91) ha sido, por casi 30 años, una herramienta de gran importancia para modelar la naturaleza intermitente de las erupciones solares. En este trabajo se utiliza el modelo bidimensional de Lu & Hamilton para abordar el problema del comportamiento estadístico del tiempo entre avalanchas y la posibilidad de pronosticar erupciones solares sintéticas. Se trabajó con tres definiciones diferentes de tiempo entre avalanchas: ∆T (el número de iteraciones entre el inicio y el final de una avalancha), ∆Tii (número de iteraciones entre el inicio de una avalancha y el inicio de la avalancha siguiente) y ∆TP (el número de iteraciones entre dos picos de avalanchas consecutivas. Para el caso de la definición habitual de tiempo entre, avalanchas (∆T) se encontró que puede describirse estadísticamente mediante una función exponencial mientras que, para las otras dos definiciones el comportamiento en tipo power law con valores similares a los hallados en observaciones solares.For almost 30 years the Lu & Hamilton avalanche model (LH91) has been the paramount tool to study the intermittent nature of solar flares via avalanche models. In this work we used the two-dimensional model of Lu & Hamilton to assess the statistics of the waiting time between avalanches and the possibility forecasting synthetic solar flares. We worked with three different definitions of waiting time between: ∆T, ∆Tii and ∆TP. For the case of the usual definition of the waiting time between avalanches (∆T) we found that the statistics can be described statistically through an exponential function. For the other definitions they present power-law statistics with exponents that compare well with solar observations.Fil: Morales, Laura Fernanda. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; ArgentinaFil: Kychenthal, Matias Andres. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas. Oficina de Coordinación Administrativa Ciudad Universitaria. Instituto de Física del Plasma. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Ciencias Exactas y Naturales. Instituto de Física del Plasma; Argentin

Why The Trans Programmer?

Through online anecdotal evidence and online communities, there is an in-group idea of trans people (specifically trans-feminine individuals) disproportionately entering computer science education &amp;amp; fields. Existing data suggests this is a plausible trend, yet no research has been done into exactly why. As computer science education (traditional schooling or self-taught methods) is integral to working in computer science fields, a simple research survey was conducted to gather data on 138 trans people’s experiences with computer science &amp;amp; computer science education. This article’s purpose is to shed insight on the motivations for trans individuals choosing computer science paths, while acting as a basis and call to action for further research.</p

Proposal to article on grievance articulation among TERF &amp; Gender Critical communities on Twitter

Trans Exclusionary Radical Feminism (TERF) or Gender Critcial (GC) feminism is a form of radical feminism whose core values are antithetical to feminist ideology. It focuses on support of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Heterosexual individuals (particularly women) meanwhile actively excluding trans individuals and specifically trans-feminine individuals. Trans individuals have been defined as a sort of boogie-man within this sect of radical feminism, as is the case with other prominent anti-trans groups. TERF ideology holds a loud megaphone, with prominent TERF activists including J.K. Rowling, The BBC, The Guardian, Dave Chapelle, and the LGBAlliance. The hashtag #SexNotGender regularly trends on Twitter advocating lesbians, gay men, and bisexual individuals to be attracted to their preferred sex (the bimodal in which someone is born) not gender (how one would identify). This proposal and eventual article hopes to add to existing literature on the topic, by exploring the main grievances articulated by TERF and Gender Critical communities. Through scraping Twitter posts from Twitter’s API of three prominent TERF and Gender Critical accounts, and subsequent analysis using LDA (Latent Dirichlet allocation), I will test the hypothesis that TERFs and Gender Critical individuals online are radicalized and further polarized through a few key thoughts and ideas: 1. A focus on reactions of disgust, fear, and anger. 2. A false belief in the ‘silencing’ of TERF voices as marginalized and an ‘invasion’ of women’s spaces. 3. A perception there is a pervasiveness of trans women in societies’ institutions

"Just Questions": Grievance articulation among anti-trans organizations on Twitter

Trans Exclusionary Radical Feminism (TERF) or Gender Criticial (GC) feminism is an anti-trans hate movement using the guise of radical feminism. It focuses on support of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual and Heterosexual individuals (particularly women) meanwhile actively excluding trans individuals and specifically trans-feminine individuals. Trans individuals have been defined as a sort of boogie-man within TERF and GC ideology, as is the case with other prominent anti-trans groups, and is the target of wide-spread delegitimization efforts. This article hopes to add to existing literature on the topic, by exploring the main grievances articulated by Gender Critical communities. Through gathering the Twitter posts of three prominent TERF and Gender Critical accounts from Twitter’s API, and subsequent analysis using LDA (Latent Dirichlet allocation), I will test the hypothesis that TERFs and Gender Critical individuals online are radicalized and further polarized through a few key thoughts and ideas (focus on reactions of disgust, fear, and anger; a false belief of GCs being silenced, a perception of a pervasiveness of trans women in societies institutions), and that these subsequent ideas are used to delegitimize trans individuals

Alternative Waiting Time Statistics for the Lu and Hamilton Avalanche Model

The solar corona hosts many explosive events. Among them, flares are some of the most energetic, rapidly releasing huge amounts of energy and, in the case of the largest ones, producing coronal mass ejections that have the potential to harm life on our planet. Therefore, there is great interest in attempting to foresee the occurrence of extreme solar flares. Avalanche models for solar flares have been used since the beginning of the 1990s to model the flaring corona in a simple and computationally inexpensive way. The pioneering and now most prevalent model in the literature was proposed by Lu and Hamilton. This model has been extremely useful to reproduce most of the main characteristic features observed in solar flares (e.g., the probability density function of a flare’s energy) and, in recent years, has been used as the starting point to predict extreme flaring events. In this work, we revisit Lu and Hamilton’s model and the very definition of waiting time for both extreme and all-sized events. We find that extreme avalanche statistics are well described by a log-normal distribution, in accordance with recent observations of solar flares