The Effect of Mentorship and Social Events on Job Embeddedness and Intent to Stay in Emergency Department Nurses

Background and Purpose: The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically impacted nurse retention. According to the Kentucky Nurses Association, 57% of surveyed Kentucky nurses are considering leaving their jobs. Best retention strategies are unclear. Job embeddedness (JE) and Intent to stay (ITS) are factors that influence retention. The purpose of this project is to increase JE and ITS at a level one emergency department (ED) by implementing evidence-based mentorship and social event interventions. Methods: This study utilized a mixed-methods, one group pretest-posttest design. Mentorship pairs were matched by personality type using the Big Five Personality Test. Four mentorship discussion meetings and two social events were held over six weeks. Pre and post-test scores from the Global Job Embeddedness Scale and McCain’s Intent to Stay Scale were analyzed using paired t-tests via SPSS software. Open response findings were analyzed by the primary investigator. Results: Twenty-six ED nurses completed the pre-surveys and eighteen completed the post surveys. Participants were mostly female (92.4%), Caucasian (84.6%), under age 30 (56.5%), and had five years or less of nursing experience (69.3%). Increases in scores on the Global Job Embeddedness Scale (p= 0.19) and McCain’s Intent to Stay Scale (p= 0.92) were non-significant. Participants suggested on-site social activities, increasing pay, increasing staff, and awarding accomplishments to improve retention. Conclusion: Mentorship and social events may not be enough to overcome other workplace barriers that impact JE and ITS in the ED setting. Future research efforts are needed to assess the impact of the participant suggestions to improve retention

Who and when should we screen for prostate cancer? Interviews with key opinion leaders

Prostate cancer screening using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) is highly controversial. In this Q & A, Guest Editors for BMC Medicine's 'Spotlight on Prostate Cancer' article collection, Sigrid Carlsson and Andrew Vickers, invite some of the world's key opinion leaders to discuss who, and when, to screen for prostate cancer. In response to the points of view from the invited experts, the Guest Editors summarize the experts' views and give their own personal opinions on PSA screening

Competing mortality in patients diagnosed with bladder cancer: evidence of undertreatment in the elderly and female patients

Background: Bladder cancer (BC) predominantly affects the elderly and is often the cause of death among patients with muscleinvasive disease. Clinicians lack quantitative estimates of competing mortality risks when considering treatments for BC. Our aim was to determine the bladder cancer-specific mortality (CSM) rate and other-cause mortality (OCM) rate for patients with newly diagnosed BC. Methods: Patients (n ¼ 3281) identified from a population-based cancer registry diagnosed between 1994 and 2009. Median follow-up was 48.15 months (IQ range 18.1–98.7). Competing risk analysis was performed within patient groups and outcomes compared using Gray’s test. Results: At 5 years after diagnosis, 1246 (40%) patients were dead: 617 (19%) from BC and 629 (19%) from other causes. The 5-year BC mortality rate varied between 1 and 59%, and OCM rate between 6 and 90%, depending primarily on the tumour type and patient age. Cancer-specific mortality was highest in the oldest patient groups. Few elderly patients received radical treatment for invasive cancer (52% vs 12% for patients o60 vs 480 years, respectively). Female patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive BC had worse CSM than equivalent males (Gray’s Po0.01). Conclusion: Bladder CSM is highest among the elderly. Female patients with high-risk tumours are more likely to die of their disease compared with male patients. Clinicians should consider offering more aggressive treatment interventions among older patients

Microbial diversity and community composition of caecal microbiota in commercial and indigenous Indian chickens determined using 16s rDNA amplicon sequencing

Different alpha diversity indices for each sample of university farm data estimated using QIIME for primer pair P2 data. OTUs were clustered at > 97% similarity. (XLSX 12 kb

Long-lived magnetism from solidification-driven convection on the pallasite parent body.

Palaeomagnetic measurements of meteorites suggest that, shortly after the birth of the Solar System, the molten metallic cores of many small planetary bodies convected vigorously and were capable of generating magnetic fields. Convection on these bodies is currently thought to have been thermally driven, implying that magnetic activity would have been short-lived. Here we report a time-series palaeomagnetic record derived from nanomagnetic imaging of the Imilac and Esquel pallasite meteorites, a group of meteorites consisting of centimetre-sized metallic and silicate phases. We find a history of long-lived magnetic activity on the pallasite parent body, capturing the decay and eventual shutdown of the magnetic field as core solidification completed. We demonstrate that magnetic activity driven by progressive solidification of an inner core is consistent with our measured magnetic field characteristics and cooling rates. Solidification-driven convection was probably common among small body cores, and, in contrast to thermally driven convection, will have led to a relatively late (hundreds of millions of years after accretion), long-lasting, intense and widespread epoch of magnetic activity among these bodies in the early Solar System.The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union's Seventh Framework Programme (FP/2007-2013) / ERC Grant Agreement No. 320750, the European Community's Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under grant agreement no. 312284, the Natural Environment Research Council, Fundación ARAID and the Spanish MINECO MAT2011-23791.This is the accepted manuscript. The final version is available from Nature at http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/v517/n7535/full/nature14114.html

Shift work and use of psychotropic medicine:A follow-up study with register linkage

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate a prospective association between shift work and use of psychotropic medicine. METHODS: Survey data from random samples of the general working population of Denmark (N=19 259) were linked to data from national registers. Poisson regression was used for analyses of prospective associations between shift work and redeemed prescriptions of psychotropic medicine. Prevalent cases were excluded at baseline. In secondary analyses, we tested differential effects on subsets of psychotropic medicine and, cross-sectionally, we studied correspondence between estimates based on psychotropic medicine and self-reported mental health. According to the protocol we interpret results from the secondary analyses following the principles for nested hypothesis testing, if the primary analyses reject the null-hypothesis, and otherwise we regard it as hypothesis generating exploratory analyses. RESULTS: In the primary analysis, the rate ratio for incidence of psychotropic medicine among shift workers was 1.09 (95% confidence interval 0.99–1.21). Results from the secondary analyses suggested increased incidence of use of hypnotics, sedatives and antidepressants and decreased incidence of use of anxiolytics. Cross-sectional analysis suggested increased risk for use of psychotropic medicine (all kinds), but not for poor self-rated mental health. CONCLUSIONS: Results did not support that working in shifts to the extent that is currently practiced in Denmark is associated with an increased incidence of overall psychotropic medicine use. Future studies should test, whether there is a differential incidence for different drugs among shift workers as suggested by the secondary analyses and how psychotropic medicine use and mental health are related

Natural Experiment Examining Impact of Aggressive Screening and Treatment on Prostate Cancer Mortality in Two Fixed Cohorts from Seattle Area and Connecticut

To determine whether the more intensive screening and treatment for prostate cancer in the Seattle≠Puget Sound area in 1987≠90 led to lower mortality from prostate cancer than in Connecticut

Expected reasons for leaving the labour market and loss of paid employment among older workers:prospective cohort study

Background: Surveying expected reasons for retirement may be a useful strategy to maintain labor market affiliation. The aim was to investigate the prospective association between self-reported expected reasons for leaving the labour market and subsequent loss of paid employment before the state pension age among older workers. Methods: The prospective risk of loss of paid employment before the official state pension age was estimated from expected reasons for leaving the labour market among 10,320 currently employed older workers (50–63 years) from the SeniorWorkingLife study. In 2018, participants replied to 15 randomly ordered questions about expected reasons for leaving the labour market and were in 2020 followed in a national register containing information on labour market participation. Results: Loss of paid employment before state pension age was predicted by expected reasons related to ‘Health, work demands and occupational well-being’: ‘Poor physical health’ (RR 1.47, 95% CI 1.45–1.49), ‘Poor mental health’ (RR 1.36, 95% CI 1.32–1.40), ‘Not being capable of doing the job’ (RR 1.20, 95% CI 1.18–1.22), and ‘Not thriving at the workplace’ (RR 1.14, 95% CI 1.11–1.17). Expected reasons related to the possibility of receiving voluntary early retirement benefits also increased this risk. Expected reasons related to ‘Leisure’ (‘Wish for more self-determination’; ‘Wish for more time for hobbies’), ‘Economy’ (‘Economic considerations’; ‘Possibility of receiving pension’), and ‘Norms’ (‘Retirement norms’; ‘To make space for younger employees’) decreased the risk of loss of paid employment before state pension age. Age-stratified analyses revealed that expected reasons related to the domain of ‘Health, work demands and occupational well-being’ predicted risk of loss of paid employment to a greater extent among workers aged 50–55 compared to those aged 56–63. Conclusions: Expected reasons for leaving the labour market predicted actual labour market participation among older workers in Denmark. Expected reasons related to poor physical and mental health, and not being capable of doing the job seem to be stronger PUSH-factors among workers aged 50–55 compared to those aged 56–63. Preventing early labour market detachment should take the worker’s expected reasons for leaving into account.</p

Research Notes: Iowa State University, Ames, and United States Department of Agriculture

The male-sterile (female-fertile) mutant ms1 is identified by three characteristic features. Kenworthy et al. (1973) reported occurrence of twin seedlings, at a low frequency. We are reporting the two additional characteristics: failure of cytokinesis following telophase II; and production of twice as many pollen mother cells as are found in male-fertile sibs