Co-infections and multiple stressors in fish

Fish are typically exposed to multiple physical, chemical and biological stressors. The cumulative impact of co-infections between parasites, bacteria, viruses and (a)biotic environmental pressures may trigger complex interactions, eliciting different pathological and immunological outcomes than those classically assessed. New cross-disciplinary studies attempt to measure the impact of environmental stressors in modulating the host response to pathogens. Scientific advances are needed to reduce pressure on natural populations, improve fish stock management, and to design more efficient diagnostic tools or vaccination strategies. An EAFP-promoted workshop, held on 10th September 2019 in Porto, Portugal, was dedicated to sharing research experiences on the interaction between heterogenous pathogens and multiple stressors in fish. The workshop involved around 200 attendants, opened by a keynote talk (Fast), and followed by a further twelve oral presentations, including three in the format of lash poster presentations. Contributions illustrated cross-disciplinary approaches to study complex host-pathogen and stressors interactions

Molecular tracing of viral diseases in aquaculture

Molecular Tracing of Viral Diseases in Aquaculture = Traçage Moléculaire des Maladies Virales en Aquaculture : Colloque, Montpellier (FRA), 2015/01/27-29International audienc

Localisation in situ du maize streak virus (MSV) dans un hybride sensible de maïs et une lignée resistante

International audienc

Localisation in situ du maize streak virus (MSV) dans un hybride sensible de maïs et une lignée resistante

International audienc

Integrated engineering-geological and numerical approach applied to the large Buyukcekmece (Turkey) landslide for evaluating earthquake-induced effects

The Buyukcekmece landslide, W of Istanbul (Turkey), was selected for MARSite project (New directions in seismic hazard assessment through focused Earth observation in the Marmara Super-site) as case-study of earthquake-induced landslides. The local seismic response of the landslide slope was analyzed reconstructing a detailed engineering-geological model. Geophysical measurements were carried out to constrain geometries and attribute mechanical properties. A multisensor in-hole monitoring system and a local GPS-RTK network were installed since October 2014. The collected records show piezometer trends related to seasonal as well to intense rainfalls and confirm a continuous EW movement of the landslide; 65 recorded earthquakes demonstrate an amplification due to the landslide mass. Slope stability was analyzed through an unconventional pseudostatic approach by considering different seismic waveforms. Stress-strain numerical models indicate that local seismic response is jointed to the geological setting and the interaction between seismic waves and slope is not negligible to evaluate possible landslide reactivations

Comprehensive analysis of the local seismic response in the complex Buyukcekmece landslide area (Turkey) by engineering-geological and numerical modelling

Multi-risk management requires a strong comprehension of possible effects induced by natural hazardous events. In this regard, landslides triggering due to earthquakes results from complex interactions between seismic waves and slopes. Multidisciplinary approaches can significantly contribute to better understand such interactions. The large Buyukcekmece landslide (about 1500 m wide and 1830 m long) located in Turkey (Avcilar peninsula), about 15 km northward from the North Anatolian Fault Zone (NAFZ), was selected as case-study in the framework of the European project "MARSite - Marmara Supersite: new directions in seismic hazard assessment through focused Earth observation in the Marmara Supersite". The Avcilar area was recently affected by the 17th August 1999 Mw 7.4 Kocaeli and by the 12th November Mw 7.2 Duzce earthquakes. The Buyukcekmece landslide involves upper Oligocene to lower Miocene deposits, consisting of silty clays, tuffs and sands. No earthquake-induced re-activations are testified so far but the landslide area was interested by a very intense urbanization during the last decade. A detailed engineering-geological model for the local seismic response of the Buyukcekmece landslide slope was constructed based on geophysical measurements, data from a multisensor in-hole monitoring system and stress-strain numerical modelling. Several tens of earthquakes were recorded from October 2014 to May 2015 in the landslide site by considering in-hole and surface data. The reliability of the local seismic response obtained by numerical modelling respect to the empirically derived one was checked in terms of both site-to-reference spectral ratios and transfer function between surface and downhole sites inside the landslide mass. The 2D numerical amplification functions confirm that the local seismic response is a consequence of the complex geological setting of the landslide slope while no relevant amplification effects can be referred to topographic features. Based on these results, the interaction between seismic waves and the Buyukcekmece landslide slope cannot be neglected to evaluate the possibility of future landslide re-activations. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved