Self-efficacy as a personality predictor of the career orientations of college students

In the context of the modern dynamic socio-economic environment, career-related issues are becoming relevant to psychological and pedagogical sciences as it is professional development that enables people to realize their abilities, capabilities, and needs. Career orientation should be identified as early as possible in order to obtain significant achievements. An important issue is related to career orientation predictors, which determine future achievements and career choice. The study discusses conceptual provisions and methodological approaches to assessing the career orientations of college students with different levels of self-efficacy. The purpose of the research is to study theoretical and methodological approaches and aspects of the psychological assessment of self-efficacy as a personality predictor of the career orientations of college students. The study was conducted with the participation of a representative sample of 558 third-year students aged 18 to 20 on the campus of the Ural State College named after I. Polzunov (Ekaterinburg) (average age is 18.7 years). he practical significance of the study arises from the possibility to use the results obtained in order to implement programs aimed at improving self-efficacy in adolescents. The research is of practical value for organizational psychologists, educational psychologists, and teachers. © 2021 Eskisehir Osmangazi University. All rights reserved

Influence of socioeconomic factors on pregnancy outcome in women with structural heart disease

OBJECTIVE: Cardiac disease is the leading cause of indirect maternal mortality. The aim of this study was to analyse to what extent socioeconomic factors influence the outcome of pregnancy in women with heart disease.  METHODS: The Registry of Pregnancy and Cardiac disease is a global prospective registry. For this analysis, countries that enrolled ≥10 patients were included. A combined cardiac endpoint included maternal cardiac death, arrhythmia requiring treatment, heart failure, thromboembolic event, aortic dissection, endocarditis, acute coronary syndrome, hospitalisation for cardiac reason or intervention. Associations between patient characteristics, country characteristics (income inequality expressed as Gini coefficient, health expenditure, schooling, gross domestic product, birth rate and hospital beds) and cardiac endpoints were checked in a three-level model (patient-centre-country).  RESULTS: A total of 30 countries enrolled 2924 patients from 89 centres. At least one endpoint occurred in 645 women (22.1%). Maternal age, New York Heart Association classification and modified WHO risk classification were associated with the combined endpoint and explained 37% of variance in outcome. Gini coefficient and country-specific birth rate explained an additional 4%. There were large differences between the individual countries, but the need for multilevel modelling to account for these differences disappeared after adjustment for patient characteristics, Gini and country-specific birth rate.  CONCLUSION: While there are definite interregional differences in pregnancy outcome in women with cardiac disease, these differences seem to be mainly driven by individual patient characteristics. Adjustment for country characteristics refined the results to a limited extent, but maternal condition seems to be the main determinant of outcome

Cytokine Levels in the Serum of Patients with Chronic Kidney Insufficiency Before and After Hemodialysis

© 2016, Springer Science+Business Media New York.Chronic kidney insufficiency (CKI) is often the end point of a broad range of chronic kidney diseases and characterized with decreasing number of functionally active nephrons. Pathophysiological CKI is characterized by decreased glomerular filtration, which leads to accumulation of life-threatening toxic metabolites. Hemodialysis is the main therapeutic measure aimed to prolong patient’s life until kidney transplant is available. The goal of this study is to analyze serum level of 21 cytokines in CKI. We have found that the serum level of several (IL-2Rα, IL-3, IL-12 (p40), IL-16, IL-18, HGF, MIF, CSF-1, MCP-3, CXCL12, SCF, IFN-α2, LIF, β-NGF, and CXCL1) cytokines and chemokines was upregulated in CKI without hemodialysis as compared to controls (p = 0.005). Interestingly, serum cytokines were also upregulated in serum of CKI patients who received hemodialysis. Upregulated cytokines are associated with inflammation and activation of Th1 lymphocytes. We suggest that hemodialysis has limited effect on serum cytokine levels. It could be concluded that therapeutic effect of hemodialysis is not associated with removal of inflammatory cytokines from circulation. Further studies will help better define the underlying cause of an increased inflammation in CKI and identify the laboratory criteria for anti-inflammatory therapy

ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ УСТАНОВИВШИХСЯ РЕЖИМОВ РАБОТЫ ЧАСТОТНО-УПРАВЛЯЕМОГО АСИНХРОННОГО ГЕНЕРАТОРА ВЕТРОЭЛЕКТРИЧЕСКИХ УСТАНОВОК

The paper proposes an analytical expression for calculating a manipulated variable of stator voltage in a frequency-controlled induction generator with a cage rotor of a wind power plant while regulating a constant value of the absolute slip of the generator. Comparison of the calculated results by the proposed expression and full differential equations of the generator (an equation of state) at steady state has confirmed a high accuracy of the analytical expression.Предложено аналитическое выражение для расчета регулируемой величины статорного напряжения частотно-управляемого асинхронного генератора с короткозамкнутым ротором ветроэлектрической установки при регулировании на постоянство величины абсолютного скольжения генератора. Сопоставление результатов расчета по предложенному выражению и по полным дифференциальным уравнениям генератора (уравнения состояния) при установившемся режиме подтвердило высокую точность аналитического выражения

АНАЛИЗ ДЕФЕКТОВ ЗАЩИТНЫХ ПОКРЫТИЙ В ПРОЦЕССЕ ИХ НАНЕСЕНИЯ

The article presents the systematization of the defects of the microstructure gettingalong chromolithograph coating by methods of metallographic and x-ray diffraction analysis. Identified possible causes of the origin of defects and proposed ways to address them.Выполнена систематизация дефектов микроструктуры газоциркуляционного хромоалитированного покрытия методами металлографического и рентгеноструктурного анализа. Выявлены возможные причины происхождения дефектов и предложены способы их устранения

Genetic Loci Involved in Antibody Response to Mycobacterium avium ssp. paratuberculosis in Cattle

Background: Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis (MAP) causes chronic enteritis in a wide range of animal species. In cattle, MAP causes a chronic disease called Johne's disease, or paratuberculosis, that is not treatable and the efficacy of vaccine control is controversial. The clinical phase of the disease is characterised by diarrhoea, weight loss, drop in milk production and eventually death. Susceptibility to MAP infection is heritable with heritability estimates ranging from 0.06 to 0.10. There have been several studies over the last few years that have identified genetic loci putatively associated with MAP susceptibility, however, with the availability of genome-wide high density SNP maker panels it is now possible to carry out association studies that have higher precision. Methodology/Principal Findings: The objective of the current study was to localize genes having an impact on Johne's disease susceptibility using the latest bovine genome information and a high density SNP panel (Illumina BovineSNP50 BeadChip) to perform a case/control, genome-wide association analysis. Samples from MAP case and negative controls were selected from field samples collected in 2007 and 2008 in the province of Lombardy, Italy. Cases were defined as animals serologically positive for MAP by ELISA. In total 966 samples were genotyped: 483 MAP ELISA positive and 483 ELISA negative. Samples were selected randomly among those collected from 119 farms which had at least one positive animal. Conclusion/Significance: The analysis of the genotype data identified several chromosomal regions associated with disease status: a region on chromosome 12 with high significance (P<5 710-6), while regions on chromosome 9, 11, and 12 had moderate significance (P<5 710-5). These results provide evidence for genetic loci involved in the humoral response to MAP. Knowledge of genetic variations related to susceptibility will facilitate the incorporation of this information into breeding programmes for the improvement of health status

The landscape of conventional and artificial intelligence-based clinical prediction models in non-small-cell lung cancer: from development to real-world validation.

Globally, lung cancer remains the most common cause of cancer mortality, with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) being the most common subtype of lung cancer diagnosed. This review paper provides a comprehensive landscape of clinical prediction models (CPMs) in NSCLC, including in early-stage and metastatic disease, and the recent acceleration of artificial intelligence integration. Prediction models are developed using multimodal patient data to allow oncologists to make evidence-based decisions regarding patient treatment options. Despite these models in early-stage and metastatic NSCLC showing promise, their clinical application provides challenges, involving an unmet need for external validation, alongside a lack of prospective modelling. However, the continued advancements in this field, comprising production and accessibility of large-scale pathology databases and external validation of developed models, allow for continued research and progress. These models have potential to assist in personalised treatment selection, supporting oncologists in perceiving future risk factors or issues associated with a specific targeted therapy for an individual patient, ultimately optimising treatment to precise, personalised options for individuals diagnosed with NSCLC

Prevalence and penetrance of pathogenic and likely pathogenic LDLR and APOB gene variants linked to familial hypercholesterolemia and increased risk of ischemic heart disease

BackgroundFamilial hypercholesterolemia (FH) is a prevalent hereditary disorder, with its monogenic form linked to an elevated risk of early-onset ischemic heart disease. Evaluating the prevalence and penetrance of pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants associated with this disorder would provide valuable information supporting routine FH screening of the general population. Such informed screening would facilitate early identification of at-risk individuals, enabling timely intervention and management.MethodsWe analyzed genetic data from 4,856 individuals with various cardiovascular conditions for pathogenic and likely pathogenic variants in the PCSK9, APOB, and LDLR genes. The evaluation included comprehensive clinical assessments, instrumental examinations, and laboratory tests. All genetic data were obtained through the whole-genome sequencing of blood leukocytes.ResultsA total of 1.77% of participants carried pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the LDLR or APOB genes, and none in the PCSK9 gene. After adjusting for sex and age, the risk of ischemic heart disease was 1.3 times higher in carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants [95% CI 1.18–1.46; p = 5*10-7]. Additionally, the carriers presented with significantly higher levels of total cholesterol and LDL-C (p = 0.00032 and p = 0.0123, respectively).ConclusionFH remains significantly underdiagnosed. Only 10.5% of carriers of pathogenic or likely pathogenic variants in the LDLR and APOB genes had a prior diagnosis of FH. Our findings suggest low diagnostic rates for this disorder in Eastern European populations and highlight the need for routine genetic screening of younger individuals. However, further research is needed to assess the clinical applicability and cost-effectiveness of such screening programs

Фильтрация гармоник частотноуправляемых асинхронных машин двойного питания

Frequency-controlled asynchronous double fed machines are widely used both as motors and as generators. They are especially widely used in renewable energy sources as generators for wind power devices and installations of small hydroelectric power stations. In recent years, they have been actively introduced into marine generator sets. One of the main methods for studying their operation modes is mathematical modeling. Frequency converters supplying the rotor winding of a dual-power machine use power transistors or fully controllable power thyristors. Modern circuits of these converters controlled on the basis of sinusoidal pulse-width modulation do not allow to get rid of the harmonic components arising in the output voltage curve. In the process of studying the operating modes of frequency-controlled asynchronous double fed machines, a device for suppressing harmonic components in the output voltage curve has been considered. A mathematical model has been developed for the frequency-controlled double fed machine from the rotor taking into account the harmonic composition of the output voltage of the frequency converter and the batteries of static capacitors in the rotor circuit; the filtering modes of the harmonic components of the output voltage of the frequency converter have been studied using the simplest filter – a static capacitor battery. Placing these batteries at the output of the frequency converter can significantly reduce the harmonic components in the curves of rotor currents, and hence in the whole machine. Thus, the developed modeling scheme and the results of the study have demonstrated the effectiveness of using a filter consisting of static capacitors.Частотноуправляемые асинхронные машины двойного питания применяются в качестве генераторов в возобновляемых источниках энергии (ветроэлектрических устройствах и установках малых ГЭС); а также активно внедряются в судовые генераторные установки. Одним из основных методов исследования режимов их работы является математическое моделирование. В преобразователях частоты, питающих роторную обмотку машины двойного питания, используются силовые транзисторы или полностью управляемые силовые тиристоры. Современные схемы этих преобразователей, управляемых на базе синусоидальной широтно-импульсной модуляции, не позволяют избавиться от гармонических составляющих, возникающих в кривой выходного напряжения. В процессе исследования режимов работы частотноуправляемых асинхронных машин двойного питания рассмотрено устройство подавления гармонических составляющих в кривой выходного напряжения. Для частотноуправляемой со стороны ротора машины двойного питания разработана математическая модель с учетом гармонического состава выходного напряжения преобразователя частоты и батарей статических конденсаторов в цепи ротора; проведены исследования режимов фильтрации гармонических составляющих выходного напряжения преобразователя частоты при использовании простейшего фильтра – батареи статического конденсатора. Размещение данных батарей на выходе преобразователя частоты позволяет существенно снизить гармонические составляющие в кривых роторных токов, а значит, и во всей машине. Таким образом, разработанная схема моделирования и результаты проведенного исследования продемонстрировали эффективность применения фильтра, состоящего из статических конденсаторов.Publishe