A morphometric model of the Aeolian Islands (Italy)

A Digital Elevation Model (DEM) of the Aeolian Islands (Southern Tyrrhenian Sea, Italy) is presented, with a 5 m horizontal resolution, derived from photograms at a relative medium scale of 1:35000, collected during an aerophotogrammetric flight in 1994-5. The seada tacome from ah ydrographic survey (1996-1997) of the seabed topography, carried out in accordance with present international standards. The sounding density of the bathymetric survey varies: it is more accurate near the coasts and in areas of structural interest. Previous bathymetric surveys, when available, were limited to small areas. The present DEM is enclosed in arecta ngle with limits of longitude 14◦16�'32"-15◦22'51"E and latitude 38◦20'55"-38◦53'50"N. The DEM of the islands and of the seabed, merged together, is presented here for the first time. The shadowed raster images of the DEM clearly outline the structural and volcanological features of the archipelago

Coupled U–Pb and ⁴⁰Ar/³⁹Ar chronology of late-stage intrusions at Elba Island (Italy) supports late Miocene long-lived magma reservoirs in the Tyrrhenian upper crust

The late Miocene Monte Capanne and Porto Azzurro plutons are investigated by means of coupled U–Pb zircon and 40Ar/39Ar white mica dating to test the occurrence of long-lived magmatic systems in the upper crust. Zircon crystallized for &gt;1 Ma in both plutonic systems, with supersolidus conditions overlapping for ~220 ka indicating previously unrecognized co-existence of the two reservoirs. The development of the Porto Azzurro high T-aureole is post-dated by continuous igneous zircon crystallization until ~6.0 Ma. By linking crystallization to post-emplacement cooling of late-stage pulses in both western and eastern Elba we constrain long-lived sizeable reservoirs (possibly the same reservoir) in the Tyrrhenian upper crust between ~8 and 6 Ma.</p

How brittle detachments form and evolve through space and time

We report the first absolute deformation ages for the Mykonos Detachment that juxtaposes, in the context of the current Aegean rifting, Miocene siliciclastic deposits in the hanging wall against metabasites and synkinematic granites in the footwall. We identified and characterised 16 brittle structural facies (BSFs) within the detachment fault architecture through fieldwork, optical microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. BSFs dating by K-Ar of synkinematic mixed layer illite-smectite shows that the preserved BSFs formed during repeated slip events, thus constraining protracted faulting between 13.5 and 6.5 Ma. Dating, structural and mineralogical characterisation allowed for the time-constrained evaluation of the activation/de-activation of the involved deformation mechanisms and of the processes, including (i) fault zone nucleation, (ii) deformation partitioning, (iii) cataclasis, gouge formation and (iv) the final deformation localisation, that govern the evolution of brittle detachments, shaping the local current upper crustal structure. Our results provide new insights into the understanding of wide active and fossil rift systems

Multicentre Withinperson Randomised Controlled Trial of 0.5 Mm Versus 1.5 Mm Subcrestal Placement of Dental Implants With Internal Conical Connection: Five-year Post-loading Results

PURPOSE. To assess whether there are any clinical benefits to placing single dental implants either 0.5 or 1.5 mm subcrestally in healed bone crests. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Sixty partially edentulous patients at six centres requiring two single implant-supported crowns had both sites randomly allocated according to a split-mouth design to either 0.5 mm or 1.5 mm subcrestal implant placement; implants in aesthetic areas were submerged for 3 months while those in non-aesthetic areas were not. Provisional acrylic crowns were fitted and replaced with definitive metal-ceramic crowns after 2 months. Patients were followed up to 5 years after loading. Outcome measures were: crown and implant failures, complications, aesthetics assessed using the pink esthetic score (PES), peri-implant marginal bone level changes, and patient prefe-rence, recorded by blinded assessors. RESULTS. Two patients dropped out. There were no statistically significant differences in failure rate (out of 58 patients, four implants failed in the 0.5 mm group versus one in the 1.5 mm group; difference =-5.17%; 95% CI-10.87% to 0.53%; P = 0.250) or complications (out of 58 patients eight complications occurred in eight patients from the 0.5 mm group versus five complications in five patients from the 1.5 mm group (difference =-5.17%; 95% CI-14.01% to 3.67%; P = 0.453) between groups. At 5 years after loading, the mean pink aesthetic scores were 10.89 ± 2.30 and 10.79 ± 2.41 in the 0.5 and 1.5 mm groups, respecti-vely, a difference that was not statistically significant (P = 0.943). Patients from the 0.5 mm group lost on average 0.53 ± 1.43 mm peri-implant marginal bone, and those in the 1.5 mm group lost 0.31 ± 0.98 mm, a statistically significant difference (0.26 mm; 95% CI 0.05 to 0.47; P = 0.016). Patients did not prefer any depth of implant placement over the other. There were no differences in outcomes between centres. CONCLUSIONS. No clinically appreciable differences were noted when placing implants surrounded by at least 1 mm of bone 0.5 mm or 1.5 mm subcrestally. Clinicians are therefore free to choose which strategy they prefer

0.5 mm versus 1.5 mm subcrestal placement of dental implants with internal conical connection: eight-year post-loading results from a multicentre within-person randomized controlled trial

PURPOSE. To determine whether there are clinical advantages to placing single dental implants 0.5 versus 1.5 mm subcrestally in healed bone crests. MATERIALS AND METHODS. Sixty partially edentulous patients requiring two single im-plant-supported crowns had both sites randomly allocated to either 0.5 mm or 1.5 mm subcrestal implant placement according to a split-mouth design at six centres; implant sites were left to heal for 3 months either submerged in aesthetic areas or not in non-a-esthetic areas. Provisional acrylic crowns were fitted and after 2 months replaced by definitive metal-ceramic crowns. Patients were followed up to 8 years after loading. Outcome measures were: crown or implant failures; complications; aesthetics, assessed using the pink esthetic score (PES); peri-implant marginal bone level changes; and patient preference, recorded by blinded assessors. RESULTS. Out of the 54 patients, 7 dropped out. There were no statistically significant differences between groups in failure rates (seven implants failed in the 0.5mm group versus three in the 1.5-mm group; difference = 0.07; P = 0.125) or complications (in the 0.5-mm group ten complications occurred in nine patients versus seven complications in seven patients in the 1.5-mm group; difference = 0.04; 95% CI 0.37 to 10.92; P = 0.688). At 8 years after loading, the mean pink aesthetic score was 11.04±2.27 and 10.6±2.46 for the 0.5 and 1.5 mm group, respectively. There were no statistically significant differences between the two groups at 8 years (P = 0.367). Eight years after loading, patients of the 0.5 mm lost on average 0.17±0.45 mm and those of the 1.5 mm group 0.15±0.50 mm, the difference not being statistically significant (difference =-0.10 mm; 95% CI-0.22 to 0.02; P = 0.091). Patients did not prefer any depth of the implant placement over the other. There were no differences in outcomes among centres, except for the number of patients with no preferences (P = 0.047). However, patients were equally satisfied with both implant placement sites. CONCLUSIONS. Eight years after loading, no statistically significant differences were found between 0.5 mm vs. 1.5 mm subcrestal placement when implant were surrounded by at least 1 mm of bone, and clinicians are therefore free to choose which depth they prefer

Phosphoproteomic Landscaping Identifies Non-canonical cKIT Signaling in Polycythemia Vera Erythroid Progenitors

Although stem cell factor (SCF)/cKIT interaction plays key functions in erythropoiesis, cKIT signaling in human erythroid cells is still poorly defined. To provide new insights into cKIT-mediated erythroid expansion in development and disease, we performed phosphoproteomic profiling of primary erythroid progenitors from adult blood (AB), cord blood (CB), and Polycythemia Vera (PV) at steady-state and upon SCF stimulation. While AB and CB, respectively, activated transient or sustained canonical cKIT-signaling, PV showed a non-canonical signaling including increased mTOR and ERK1 and decreased DEPTOR. Accordingly, screening of FDA-approved compounds showed increased PV sensitivity to JAK, cKIT, and MEK inhibitors. Moreover, differently from AB and CB, in PV the mature 145kDa-cKIT constitutively associated with the tetraspanin CD63 and was not endocytosed upon SCF stimulation, contributing to unrestrained cKIT signaling. These results identify a clinically exploitable variegation of cKIT signaling/metabolism that may contribute to the great erythroid output occurring during development and in PV

New Constraints on the Evolution of the Inner Northern Apennines by K-Ar Dating of Late Miocene-Early Pliocene Compression on the Island of Elba, Italy

The Northern Apennines (NA) orogenic wedge formed during Oligocene-Miocene convergence and westward subduction of Adria beneath the European Plate. Extension ensued in the Mid-Late Miocene in response to Adria roll-back, causing opening of the back-arc Northern Tyrrhenian Sea. Whether extension continues uninterrupted since the Mid-Late Miocene or it was punctuated by short-lived compressional events, remains, however, uncertain. We used the K-Ar method to date a set of brittle-ductile and brittle deformation zones from the Island of Elba to contribute to this debate. We dated the low-angle Zuccale Fault (ZF), the Capo Norsi-Monte Arco Thrust (CN-MAT), and the Calanchiole Shear Zone (CSZ). The CN-MAT and CSZ are moderately west dipping, top-to-the-east thrusts in the immediate footwall of the ZF. The CSZ slipped 6.14&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.64&nbsp;Ma (&lt;0.1&nbsp;μm fraction) and the CN-MAT 4.90&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.27&nbsp;Ma ago (&lt;0.4&nbsp;μm fraction). The ZF, although cutting the two other faults, yielded an older age of 7.58&nbsp;±&nbsp;0.11&nbsp;Ma (&lt;0.1&nbsp;μm fraction). The ZF gouge, however, contains an illitic detrital contaminant from the Paleozoic age flysch deformed in its hanging wall and the age thus is a maximum faulting age. Removal of ~1% of a 300-Ma-old contaminant brings the ZF faulting age to &lt;4.90&nbsp;Ma. Our results provide the first direct dating of brittle deformation in the Apennines, constraining Late Miocene-Early Pliocene regional compression. They call for a refinement of current NA geodynamic models in the framework of the Northern Tyrrhenian Sea extension

Is recurrence in major depressive disorder related to bipolarity and mixed features? Results from the BRIDGE-II-Mix study

Background: Current classifications separate Bipolar (BD) from Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) based on polarity rather than recurrence. We aimed to determine bipolar/mixed feature frequency in a large MDD multinational sample with (High-Rec) and without (Low-Rec) >3 recurrences, comparing the two subsamples. Methods: We measured frequency of bipolarity/hypomanic features during current depressive episodes (MDEs) in 2347 MDD patients from the BRIDGE-II-mix database, comparing High-Rec with Low-Rec. We used Bonferroni-corrected Student's t-test for continuous, and chi-squared test, for categorical variables. Logistic regression estimated the size of the association between clinical characteristics and High-Rec MDD. Results: Compared to Low-Rec (n = 1084, 46.2%), High-Rec patients (n = 1263, 53.8%) were older, with earlier depressive onset, had more family history of BD, more atypical features, suicide attempts, hospitalisations, and treatment resistance and (hypo)manic switches when treated with antidepressants, higher comorbidity with borderline personality disorder, and more hypomanic symptoms during current MDE, resulting in higher rates of mixed depression according to both DSM-5 and research-based diagnostic (RBDC) criteria. Logistic regression showed age at first symptoms < 30 years, current MDE duration ≤ 1 month, hypomania/mania among first-degree relatives, past suicide attempts, treatment-resistance, antidepressant-induced swings, and atypical, mixed, or psychotic features during MDE to associate with High-Rec. Limitations Number of MDEs for defining recurrence was arbitrary; cross-sectionality did not allow assessment of conversion from MDD to BD. Conclusions: High-Rec MDD differed from Low-Rec group for several clinical/epidemiological variables, including bipolar/mixed features. Bipolarity specifier and RBDC were more sensitive than DSM-5 criteria in detecting bipolar and mixed features in MDD