Organogenesis and embryogenesis in several hypericum perforatum genotypes

St John’s wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a valuable plant used as a herbal remedy or in phytopharmaceutical drugs to treat a variety of physical ailments. Much research has been performed to study the biochemical production of secondary metabolites of in vitro cultured plants or organs. However, all of these studies have looked at the regeneration of plants from explants in only one genotype. In addition, no study has revealed the mechanism of plant regeneration in H. perforatum, i.e. organogenesis or somatic embryogenesis. We found that different genotypes Helos, Topas, Elixir, and Numi responded similarly to regeneration medium. The regeneration responses (i.e. callus, root, or shoot production) of identical explants from different genotypes were similar. However, the source of explant material (leaves, hypocotyls, and roots) from the same genotype had significant effects on the response to media and plant regeneration frequency. Using scanning electron microscopy and light microscopy, the progress of organogenesis and embryogenesis under similar culture conditions was recorded. Root segments were the most responsive explants, producing the maximum number of shoots per explant of all the genotypes.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT) - POCTI/AGR/40 283/2001, SFRH/BPD/17102/2004

Diversity of Mosquitoes in Jalna urban, Maharashtra State, India

Present paper deals with the study of diversity of mosquitoes in Jalna urban of Maharashtra state in one year that is from June 2008 to May 2009. During a period of two years a total number of 1998 mosquitoes were collected and examined. Percentage density of different genera was found as Anopheles-64.71%; Aedes-19.61%; Culex-11.61% and Mansonia-4.05%

Study of Ciliate Commensals from the Gills of Freshwater Bivalves (Molluscs: Bivalvia) of Jayakwadi Dam, Paithan, (M.S.), India

Samples of bivalve species viz. Lamillidens marginalis L. corrianus and Indonaia caeruleus were collected from the Jayekwadi dam. Three species of obligate commensalistic ciliates, Conchophthirus acuminatus, C. curtus and C. nikamentus n.sp. belonging to genus Conchophthirus were observed on the gills and mantle cavity of bivalve. Prevalence of the ciliate infection were reported for all three species of bivalves and Conchophthirus.  Correlation of infection intentisity with the length of shell in three species of bivalves were studied

Comparative study of seasonal incidence (Monsoon) of Chicken coccidia in different eight districts , Marathwada region (M.S.)

During the period of 4 months (Monsoon Season) that is from, Jul,2011 - Oct, 2011, total 699 faecal samples were examined for coccidial infections, out of which 172 samples were positive the percentage of prevalence being 25.40%. Comparative study of different eight districts shows minor differences in prevalence

Study of Eimeria necatrix in broiler chicken from Aurangabad District of Maharashtra state India

The objective of this study was first to investigate the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and to identify the coccidial species occurring in the study area on local strain .The study involved   survey, fecal examination, and identification of coccidial species based on their morphology, predilection site in the intestine and sporulation time. During the present study ten species of Eimeria are found in Broiler chicken. Seven species are redescribed and three are new species. Â

New species of genus Eimeria(Eimeria shivpuri ) in Broiler chicken(Gallus Gallus Domesticus) from Aurangabad (M.S.) India.

The objective of this study was first to investigate the prevalence of poultry coccidiosis and to identify the coccidial species occurring in the study area on local strain .The study involved   survey, fecal examination, and identification of coccidial species based on their morphology, predilection site in the intestine and sporulation time.Chicken is more susceptible to Eimeria tenella, Eimeria necatrix, Eimeria brunetti, Eimeria mitis, Eimeria acervulina, Eimeria praecox, Eimeria maxima. During our investigation three new species i.e. Eimeria nikamae, Eimeria tarabaie, Eimeria shivpuri, were recorded in Broiler chicken from Aurangabad district of Maharashtra.Â

Uraria picta: A comprehensive review on evidences of utilization and strategies of conservation

Uraria picta (Jacq.) DC. (Prishnaparni) is one of the most important medicinal plants used in different traditional systems of medicines including the Ayurveda and Traditional Chinese medicine. The major use of this plant was found in the most popular Ayurvedic formulation “Dashmula” and in several many other important Ayurvedic formulations. IUCN placed this woody herb in the least concern category as per version 3.1. It has extensive therapeutic uses and pharmacological activities. Though this plant is a source of many phytochemicals, the uses are uncertain because the raw plant parts or crude extracts are being used in all formulations. Therefore, extensive investigations are necessary to focus on the identification of these phytochemicals. It is an urgent need to give special attention to collecting various aspects and more efforts are required in all areas for utilization and conservation of this valuable medicinal herb. Herein, a compilation of all information with various aspects has been presented, including the authors published work on Uraria picta. This review pursues attention towards biological activity, phytochemical profile, utilization, propagation and conservation of Uraria picta

Formulation and Evaluation of Floating Drug Delivery System for the Treatment of H. Pylori Using Carvacrol

Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) infection is a prevalent and challenging condition often associated with peptic ulcers and gastric malignancies. Traditional antibiotic treatments face limitations due to antibiotic resistance and suboptimal drug delivery to the gastric mucosa. This study aims to formulate and evaluate a floating drug delivery system (FDDS) incorporating carvacrol, a potent antimicrobial agent with activity against H. pylori, to enhance localized drug action in the stomach. The FDDS was developed using an effervescent approach, incorporating gas-generating agents and hydrocolloids to achieve buoyancy. Carvacrol was selected for its broad-spectrum antimicrobial properties and ability to disrupt H. pylori biofilms. The formulation was optimized through a series of pre-formulation studies to determine the ideal polymer concentrations and ratios, ensuring optimal floatation and sustained drug release. Characterization of the FDDS involved evaluating its buoyancy, drug release profile, and antimicrobial efficacy. In vitro buoyancy tests demonstrated that the optimized formulation remained buoyant for over 12 hours, providing prolonged gastric retention. Drug release studies using simulated gastric fluid indicated a sustained release of carvacrol over 8 hours, aligning with therapeutic needs for H. pylori eradication. Antimicrobial testing against H. pylori strains confirmed the formulation’s efficacy, showing significant inhibition of bacterial growth and biofilm formation. The developed FDDS exhibited excellent potential for targeted therapy against H. pylori, offering prolonged drug residence time in the stomach and sustained antimicrobial action. These findings suggest that carvacrol-based floating drug delivery systems could represent a promising alternative to conventional H. pylori treatments, potentially improving patient outcomes and reducing the prevalence of antibiotic resistance. Further in vivo studies and clinical trials are warranted to confirm these promising results and assess the long-term benefits and safety of this novel therapeutic approach

Percentage Prevalence of Eimerian Species Composition of Sheep and Goats from Beed District, Maharashtra

During the present study ten specimens of Eimeria from sheep and twelve species of Eimeria from goats were encountered. The relative prevalence of the sheep and goats are analysed

Effect of pH and Gastrointestinal Enzymes on Stability of Psoralen, Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol using Simultaneous TLC Densitometric Method and Standardization of commercial formulations containing Psoralea cordyfollia Linn.

Psoralea corylifolia is used for treatmet of skin diseases such as psoriasis, vitiligo. Psoralen is responsible for its effectiveness against psoriasis. Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol are DNA polymerase and topoisomerase II inhibitors. To study the effect of pH and gastrointestinal (GI) enzymes on Psoralen, Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol from Psoralea corylifolia Linn using a simple, sensitive, accurate and robust high performance thin layer chromatographic (HPTLC) method. The method was performed on silica gel 60 F254with n- Hexane : Ethyl acetate ( 7.5 : 2.5 v/v)  as the mobile phase. Densitometric scanning at 285 nm for Psoralen, Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol was used. The method was validated as per the guidelines of International Conference on Harmonization (ICH). In addition the applicability of the method was tested for the standardization of both mono and polyherbal formulations containing the above markers. The Rf values of 0.37, 0.48 and 0.63 were obtained for Psoralen, Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol respectively. The linearity range of 20-120 ng spot-1,  20-120 ng spot-1 and 80-280 ng spot-1  with good correlation coefficients of r2 = 0.998, 0.998 and 0.999 were obtained for Psoralen, Bakuchicin and Bakuchiol  respectively. The method was applied for the in vitro stability studies of above markers in simulated gastric and intestinal fluids to study the effect of pH and GI enzymes. Psoralen was found to be most stable in the simulated physiological fluids whereas other two compounds showed instability. The method was found to be precise, robust and suitable for the routine quality control analysis of plant extracts and polyherbal formulations. Keywords: Psoralea corylifolia Linn, Leguminoceae, HPTLC, Enzymatic stabilit