Cellular delivery of antibodies: effective targeted subcellular imaging and new therapeutic tool

It is already more than a century since the pioneering work of the Nobel Laureate Ehrlich gave birth to the side chain theory1, which helped to define antibodies and their ability to target specific biological sites. However, the use of antibodies is still restricted to the extracellular space due to the lack of a suitable delivery vehicle for the efficient transport of antibodies into live cells without inducing toxicity. In this work, we report the efficient encapsulation and delivery of antibodies into live cells with no significant loss of cell viability or any deleterious affect on the cell metabolic activity. This delivery system is based on poly(2-(methacryloyloxy)ethyl phosphorylcholine)-block-(2-(diisopropylamino)ethyl methacrylate), (PMPC-PDPA), a pH sensitive diblock copolymer that self-assembles to form nanometer-sized vesicles, also known as polymersomes, at physiological pH. These polymersomes can successfully deliver relatively high antibody payloads within live cells. Once inside the cells, we demonstrate that these antibodies can target their epitope by immune-labelling of cytoskeleton, Golgi, and transcription factor proteins in live cells. We also demonstrate that this effective antibody delivery mechanism can be used to control specific subcellular events, as well as modulate cell activity and pro-inflammatory process

Efikasi Beberapa Insektisida Nabati untuk Mengendalikan Hama Pengisap Polong di Pertanaman Kedelai

. Pod sucking bugs are the important pest that can causing yield loss soybean on quality and quantity. The objectives of the research were to determine effectiveness botanical insecticides and using varieties to pod sucking bugs along with presentation yield soybean. Species pod sucking bugs that identify to soybean plants at location research it is Riptortus linearis and Nezara viridula. There are three kinds of N. viridula that identify that is N. viridula var. torguata, N. viridula var. aurantiaca, and N. viridula var. smaragdula. The botanical insecticide that used in research be possessed of ability have variation in controlling pod sucking soybean. Extract leaf Tephrosia vogelii and Azadirachta indica causing intensity damage that lower more as well as increase component yield than with extract leaf and flower Lantana camara. The are difference resistance varieties Kipas Merah and Anjasmoro to damage pod sucking bugs that showed by difference intensity damage, number of trichomes, and yield. Level damage pod effect injury sucking to varieties Kipas Merah and Anjasmoro diverse follow characteristics morphological at pods varieties soybean as number of trichomes, wide surface pod, and number pod per nodes. Number of trichomes at varieties Kipas Merah that is 41,6 trichomes/4 mm2 many more than with varieties Anjasmoro that is 29,1 trichomes/4 mm2

Pengaruh Persepsi Masyarakat Dan Fungsi Pengawasan BPD Dalam Implementasi Undang-undang Nomor 06 Tahun 2014 Tetang Desa Terhadap Akuntabilitas Anggaran Di Kecamatan Teras Kabupaten Boyolali

The Accountability of Budgeting is a form to create a Good Governance. It's form in thegovernment of the village relates on the role of the society and the controlling of BadanPermusyawarahan Desa, starting from the measure of planning which have to be appropriatewith what the goverment has done. The Accountability of Budgeting is very important for thesociety's economic and financial walfare.Formulation of the problem in this research is ‘How is The Influences of The Society'sOpinions and BPD Controlling according to The Implementation of UU Nomor 06 Tahun 2014About The Village to The Accountability of Budgeting in Doplang Village, Teras Subdistrict '.The method that is used in this research is mix method, which is a method that combinesqualitative and quantitative approach in the concern of methodology (same form as the dataaccumulation), and the study of a mix model which combines two approaches on the entireresearch.The population that is used in this research is people in Teras Subdistrict with twovillage as the samples, which is Doplang Village and Mojolegi Village. Starting from givingthem a quessionaire and an interview about the description that can give pictures of TheImplementation of UU Nomor 06 Tahun 2014 About The Village to The Accountability ofBudgeting in Teras Subdistrict, Boyolali Regency. There were 100 respondents and 6 informantsincludes the chiefs of BPD in Doplang and Mojolegi Village, the chiefs of Doplang and MojolegiVillage, a public figure and a member of BPD in Doplang Village.From the result of this research, the researcher concludes that the society's opinionsaffect on the accountability of budgeting, where the people can do a control through the BPD astheir representative and controller. BPD itself has been quite great on doing it's job incontrolling though there are obstacles that make the control less perfect. The suggestion thatcould be given is such as increasing BPD controlling, a need to make a good coordinationbetween the BPD and the government of the village by having a routine meeting that can be doneonce a month, supllying the amenities for BPD programs on doing it's duties and give a specialattention for BPD welfare

Antara Dukungan Keluarga dengan Kualitas Hidup Klien Diabetes Mellitus Tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Wijaya Kusumah Kuningan

Pendahuluan: Diabetes mellitus merupakan salahsatu penyakit metabolik yang terus meningkat setiap tahunnya, di Indonesia DM menduduki ranking keempat setelah India, China, dan Amerika. Penyakit ini merupakan penyakit degeneratif yang menimbulkan berbagai komplikasi bagi penderitanya sehingga berdampak pada kualitas hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengidentifikasi hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup klien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Wijaya Kusumah Kuningan. Metode: Jenis penelitian ini analitik dengan rancangan cross sectional. Populasi penelitian ini berjumlah 45 orang. Pengambilan sampel menggunakan teknik purposive sampling dengan instrumen pengumpulan datanya berupa kuesioner.Teknikanalisis data menggunakananalisis Rank spearman. Hasil: Dari hasil analisis univariat dan bivariat diperoleh data sebanyak 55,6% dukungan keluarga kategori baik dan sebanyak 51,1% kualitas hidup kategori baik. Hasil analisis korelasi rank Spearman diperoleh nilai p (0,000) <??(0,05) maka terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup klien diabetes mellitus tipe 2. Nilai korelasi Spearman sebesar 0,646 menunjukan bahwa arah korelasi positif dengan kekuatan kategori kuat. Kesimpulan: Simpulan dari penelitian ini adalah: (1) dukungan keluarga yang diberikan pada klien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 adalah baik, (2) kualitas hidup pada klien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 adalah baik, (3) terdapat hubungan yang bermakna antara dukungan keluarga dengan kualitas hidup klien diabetes mellitus tipe 2 di Rumah Sakit Wijaya Kusumah KuninganTahun 2014. Perawat dapat meningkatkan dukungan keluarga dengan pendidikan kesehatan, memfasilitasi pemberdayaan keluarga serta supervise dan monitoring terkait penerapan pemberdayaan keluarga dalam pemberian asuhan keperawatan pada klien diabetes mellitus tipe

Respon Pertumbuhan Dan Produksi Bengkuang (Pachyrhizus Erosus (L.) Urban) Terhadap Waktu Pemangkasan Dan Jarak Tanam

The objective of this research was to determine the right pruning times and spacing for the growth andproduction of yam (Pachyrhizus erosus (L.) Urban). This research used factorial randomized blockdesigned with 2 factors and 3 replications. The first factor was pruning time (P),namely withoutpruning (PA), pruning 7 weeks after planting (PB) and pruning 8 weeks after planting (PC) Thesecond factor was spacing (J) which consisted of 20 x 10 cm (J1), 20 x 15 cm (J2),20 x 20 cm (J3),and 20 x 25 cm (J4). The results showed that pruning significantly increased length of plant andnumber of branches. The treatment of spacing area influenced plant height. Interaction of pruningtimes and spacing increased plant height and number of branches

Analisis Tingkat Kontaminasi Permukaan Daerah Kerja dan Laju Paparan Radiasi pada Instalasi Kedokteran Nuklir

The surface contamination of the work area and the rate of radiation exposure at nuclear medicine installation have an effect to the safety workers and the society directly or indirectly. This study aims to analyze the level of surface contamination and the rate of radiation exposure on the nuclear medicine installation and to identify the activity of half time 99mTc and 131I. The used method is measuring the surface contamination of the work area caused by the use of radiopharmaceutical through the distance between the detector window and the 3 cm measured region. Meanwhile, the rate of radiation exposures is used to measure the sides of each room with a distance 1 meter in the area control and to measure the activity of radioisotope that is monitored once every an hour for 6.03 hours to 99mTc and every day for 8 days to 131I of the initial measurement and compares with the result calculation. The measurement result of the level of the surface contamination in various areas of all rooms is 0.000-5.272 Bq/cm2 and it is classified into low to medium level of contamination. The measurement result of the rate of radiation exposure in the control area is 0.022-1.404 µSv/h which is still classified under 10 µSv/h. So, it can be concluded that it is safe for workers and other patients. The use of radioisotope on the nuclear medicine installation in accordance with their needs and always consider to the principles of the radiation protection, therefore the level of contamination and the rate of radiation exposure is low. The result of the measurement and the calculation of the activity of 99mTc are decays into a half after 6.03 hours and the activity of 131I is decays a half after 8 days

Keterkaitan Diversitas Plankton Sebagai Zooxanthella Terhadap Warna Kima (Tridacna SP.) Pada Beberapa Pulau Di Teluk Lampung

Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui diversitas jenis plankton di sekitar kerang kima dan keterkaitan antara diversitas plankton terhadap warna kima di beberapa pulau-pulau kecil di Teluk Lampung. Variabel yang diamati adalah jenis kima yang ditemukan dan keberagaman plankton yang berada di sekitar kima, variable pendukung yakni factor lingkungan. Data plankton yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis menggunakan rumus indeks keragaman, keseragaman, dan dominansi. Penelitian ini telah dilaksanakan pada bulan Agustus-Oktober di perairan sekitar Gosong Susutan, PulauKelagian, dan PulauUnang-Unang. Hasil dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kerang kima yang ditemukan pada tiap lokasi berjumlah satu dan termasuk spesies Tridacna squamasa. Kelompok fitoplankton yang ditemukan antara lain Bacillariophyta, Pyrrophyta, Cyanophyta, dan Chlorophyta. Bacilllariophyta adalah kelompok yang paling banyak ditemukan pada ketiga lokasi penelitian (52-59%), sementara Chlorophyta adalah kelompok yang paling sedikit ditemukan (3-5%). Banyaknya Bacillariophyta yang ditemukan di sekitar kima menyebabkan mantel kima berwarna kuning kecoklatan seperti warna pigmen yang dimiliki oleh kelompok ini. Hasil parameter lingkungan menunjukkan masih dapat mendukung kehidupan kerang kima

Representasi Kecantikan Perempuan Berhijab pada Akun Instagram Selebgram Hijab (Analisis Wacana Sara Mills)

The aim of this observation is to explain how beauty is being represented through instragram accounts of veiled selebgram. This observation uses three instragram accounts of Indonesian veiled selebgram which comprises stylish veiled selebgram, syar\u27i veiled selebgram, and niqab selebgram. This thesis is a qualitative observation by using Sara Mills analysis discourse method to examine the text of instagram account of veiled selebgram and to reveal ideologies within. Beauty myth theory and body disciplining by Naomi Wolf is used to unload the myth that enfolds body. The result of this observation shows that beauty myths are still exist, but in a different kind of strategy. Disciplinary in the form of body discipline is done and showed up through body posture, skin, and make up. In the end, veiled women in this text are remain unchained from beauty myth. Religious norm which is compromised with modernity and commercial cannot remove the existing myth