"Wil je snel gaan, ga alleen, wil je ver komen ga dan samen" : onderwijsdag ondernemerschap 21 januari 2010

Overzicht van diverse vormen van samenwerking en samenwerkingsprojecten die aan bod zijn gekomen tijdens de Onderwijsdag Ondernemerscha

Light as a feather: Effects of packaging imagery on sensory product impressions and brand evaluation

Inspired by the increasing importance of packaging design for product and brand management, this study tests effects of movement visuals and location of imagery on sensorial product impressions. Participants were exposed to a packaging variant for a fictitious brand of washing powder. Subsequently, they smelled packaging contents, estimated package weight, and evaluated product and brand. Findings show that movement visuals connoting upward (versus downward) movement resulted in the experience of a less concentrated smell, but only when presented in the top-left region of the package. Furthermore, imagery located in the top-left (versus bottom-right) region induced lower estimates of package weight. Additionally, findings show that location and movement visuals impact brand image formation and consumer preferenc

Effect of photoperiod and host distribution on the horizontal transmission of Isaria fumosorosea (Hypocreales: Cordycipitaceae) in greenhouse whitefly assessed using a novel model bioassay

A model bioassay was used to evaluate the epizootic potential and determine the horizontal transmission efficiency of Isaria fumosorosea Trinidadian strains against Trialeurodes vaporariorum pharate adults under optimum conditions (25±0.5°C, ~100% RH) at two different photoperiods. Untreated pharate adults were arranged on laminated graph paper at different distributions to simulate varying infestation levels on a leaf surface. Four potential hosts were located 7, 14 and 21 mm away from a central sporulating cadaver simulating high, medium and low infestation levels, respectively. Percent hosts colonized were recorded 7, 12, 14 and 21 days post-treatment during a 16- and 24-h photophase. After 21 days, mean percent hosts colonized at the highest, middle and lowest infestation levels were 93 and 100%, 22 and 58%, 25 and 39% under a 16- and 24-h photophase, respectively. From the results, it was concluded that the longer the photophase, the greater the percentage of hosts colonized, and as host distance increased from the central sporulating cadaver, colonization decreased. The use of this novel model bioassay technique is the first attempt to evaluate the epizootic potential and determine the horizontal transmission efficiency of I. fumosorosea Trinidadian strains under optimal environmental conditions at different photoperiods. This bioassay can be used to assess horizontal transmission efficiency for the selection of fungi being considered for commercial biopesticide development

Future directions for the management of pain in osteoarthritis.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is the predominant form of arthritis worldwide, resulting in a high degree of functional impairment and reduced quality of life owing to chronic pain. To date, there are no treatments that are known to modify disease progression of OA in the long term. Current treatments are largely based on the modulation of pain, including NSAIDs, opiates and, more recently, centrally acting pharmacotherapies to avert pain. This review will focus on the rationale for new avenues in pain modulation, including inhibition with anti-NGF antibodies and centrally acting analgesics. The authors also consider the potential for structure modification in cartilage/bone using growth factors and stem cell therapies. The possible mismatch between structural change and pain perception will also be discussed, introducing recent techniques that may assist in improved patient phenotyping of pain subsets in OA. Such developments could help further stratify subgroups and treatments for people with OA in future

Evolution of E2 transition strength in deformed hafnium isotopes from new measurements on 172^{172}Hf, 174^{174}Hf, and 176^{176}Hf

The available data for E2 transition strengths in the region between neutron-deficient Hf and Pt isotopes are far from complete. More and precise data are needed to enhance the picture of structure evolution in this region and to test state-of-the-art nuclear models. In a simple model, the maximum collectivity is expected at the middle of the major shell. However, for actual nuclei, this picture may no longer be the case, and one should use a more realistic nuclear-structure model. We address this point by studying the spectroscopy of Hf. We remeasure the 2^+_1 half-lives of 172,174,176Hf, for which there is some disagreement in the literature. The main goal is to measure, for the first time, the half-lives of higher-lying states of the rotational band. The new results are compared to a theoretical calculation for absolute transition strengths. The half-lives were measured using \gamma-\gamma and conversion-electron-\gamma delayed coincidences with the fast timing method. For the determination of half-lives in the picosecond region, the generalized centroid difference method was applied. For the theoretical calculation of the spectroscopic properties, the interacting boson model is employed, whose Hamiltonian is determined based on microscopic energy-density functional calculations. The measured 2^+_1 half-lives disagree with results from earlier \gamma-\gamma fast timing measurements, but are in agreement with data from Coulomb excitation experiments and other methods. Half-lives of the 4^+_1 and 6^+_1 states were measured, as well as a lower limit for the 8^+_1 states. We show the importance of the mass-dependence of effective boson charge in the description of E2 transition rates in chains of nuclei. It encourages further studies of the microscopic origin of this mass dependence. New data on transition rates in nuclei from neighboring isotopic chains could support these studies.Comment: 16 pages, 16 figures, 7 tables; Abstract shortened due to character limi

Elaboration et évaluation d'algorithmes de dépistage des MST chez la femme enceinte à Libreville, Gabon

La lutte contre les MST constitue une priorité de santé publique des pays en développement de par leurs complications propres, en particulier chez la femme, et de par leur rôle facilitant la transmission du VIH. Une des stratégies de lutte contre les MST est le diagnostic et le traitement précoces de ces infections. Les MST, en particulier les infections à gonocoques et à #Chlamydiae trachomatis$sont d'un diagnostic difficile chez la femme en l'absence d'examens complémentaires, ceux-ci faisant souvent défaut au niveau des structures de soins de santé primaire. Dans ce contexte, l'approche syndromique, basée sur la prise en compte de signes et symptômes, peut permettre de standardiser et d'améliorer la prise en charge des patientes. Une étude de prévalence et de facteurs de risque des MST, effectuées chez 192 femmes enceintes consultant en PMI à Libreville (Gabon), en septembre 1993, a confirmé la prévalence des MST dans cette population (13,5$). L'évaluation de différentes stratégies diagnostiques et d'algorithmes montre que, quel que soit le niveau d'examen (données d'interrogatoire, examen clinique simple, examen au spéculum), l'utilisation de scores intégrant des facteurs de risque, des symptômes et des signes cliniques est plus performante que les algorithmes hiérarchiques. Ces scores présentent des sensibilités et des spécificités élevées et sont d'une mise en oeuvre facile. Leur application pourrait donc permettre le dépistage efficace des MST et éviter, ainsi, une grande partie des complications maternelles et infantiles. (Résumé d'auteur

Observation of isotonic symmetry for enhanced quadrupole collectivity in neutron-rich 62,64,66Fe isotopes at N=40

The transition rates for the 2_{1}^{+} states in 62,64,66Fe were studied using the Recoil Distance Doppler-Shift technique applied to projectile Coulomb excitation reactions. The deduced E2 strengths illustrate the enhanced collectivity of the neutron-rich Fe isotopes up to N=40. The results are interpreted by the generalized concept of valence proton symmetry which describes the evolution of nuclear structure around N=40 as governed by the number of valence protons with respect to Z~30. The deformation suggested by the experimental data is reproduced by state-of-the-art shell calculations with a new effective interaction developed for the fpgd valence space.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figure

Lifetime determination of excited states in Cd-106

Two separate experiments using the Differential Decay Curve Method have been performed to extract mean lifetimes of excited states in 106 Cd. The inedium-spin states of interest were populated by the Mo-98(C-12, 4n) Cd-106 reaction performed at the Wright Nuclear Structure Lab., Yale University. From this experiment, two isomeric state mean lifetimes have been deduced. The low-lying states were populated by the Mo-96(C-13, 3n)Cd-106 reaction performed at the Institut fur Kernphysik, Universitat zu Koln. The mean lifetime of the I-pi = 2(1)(+) state was deduced, tentatively, as 16.4(9) ps. This value differs from the previously accepted literature value from Coulomb excitation of 10.43(9) ps

Using serum urate as a validated surrogate end point for flares in patients with gout:protocol for a systematic review and meta-regression analysis

INTRODUCTION: Gout is the most common inflammatory arthritis in men over 40 years of age. Long-term urate-lowering therapy is considered a key strategy for effective gout management. The primary outcome measure for efficacy in clinical trials of urate-lowering therapy is serum urate levels, effectively acting as a surrogate for patient-centred outcomes such as frequency of gout attacks or pain. Yet it is not clearly demonstrated that the strength of the relationship between serum urate and clinically relevant outcomes is sufficiently strong for serum urate to be considered an adequate surrogate. Our objective is to investigate the strength of the relationship between changes in serum urate in randomised controlled trials and changes in clinically relevant outcomes according to the ‘Biomarker-Surrogacy Evaluation Schema version 3’ (BSES3), documenting the validity of selected instruments by applying the ‘OMERACT Filter 2.0’. METHODS AND ANALYSIS: A systematic review described in terms of the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines will identify all relevant studies. Standardised data elements will be extracted from each study by 2 independent reviewers and disagreements are resolved by discussion. The data will be analysed by meta-regression of the between-arm differences in the change in serum urate level (independent variable) from baseline to 3 months (or 6 and 12 months if 3-month values are not available) against flare rate, tophus size and number and pain at the final study visit (dependent variables). ETHICS AND DISSEMINATION: This study will not require specific ethics approval since it is based on analysis of published (aggregated) data. The intended audience will include healthcare researchers, policymakers and clinicians. Results of the study will be disseminated by peer-reviewed publications. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42016026991

Reduced capacity of antibodies from patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) group O to neutralize primary isolates of HIV-1 group M viruses

Neutralizing antibody patterns in sera of persons infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) groups M and a to their homologous and heterologous primary isolates were determined in a peripheral blood mononuclear cell-based neutralization assay and correlated with their ability to bind to V3 loop synthetic peptides. Most HIV-1 group M sera (9/16) neutralized HIV-1 group a viruses, whereas fewer group a sera (3/13) only weakly neutralized HIV-1 group M viruses. Group M sera neutralizing HIV-1 group a viruses neutralized other HIV-1 group M viruses with titers of 1:10-1:1280. V3 loop binding capacity of sera did not reflect their neutralizing capacity of the homologous isolate. Despite the reduced neutralizing capacity of group a-infected patients ' sera to group M viruses, some group M- infected patients ' sera neutralized both HIV-1 group M and a isolates, suggesting that they share some conserved neutralizing epitopes. Nucleic acid sequence analysis of the envelope gene of hu-man immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) isolates has thus far distinguished at least 8 subtypes, A-H [1-3], which to-gether are referred to as HIV-1 group M (for major). However, the relevance of these genetic subtypes in terms of neutraliza