Cost-effectiveness of management strategies for acute urethritis in the developing world.

OBJECTIVE: To recommend a cost-effective approach for the management of acute male urethritis in the developing world, based on the findings of a theoretical study. METHODS: A model was developed to assess the cost-effectiveness of three urethritis management strategies in a theoretical cohort of 1000 men with urethral syndrome. (1) All patients were treated with cefixime and doxycycline for gonococcal urethritis (GU) and nongonococcal urethritis (NGU), respectively, as recommended by WHO. (2) All patients were treated with doxycycline for NGU; treatment with cefixime was based on the result of direct microscopy of a urethral smear. (3) All patients were treated with cotrimoxazole or kanamycin for GU and doxycycline for NGU. Cefixime was kept for patients not responding to the first GU treatment. Strategy costs included consultations, laboratory diagnosis (where applicable) and drugs. The outcome was the rate of patients cured of urethritis. Cost-effectiveness was measured in terms of cost per cured urethritis. RESULTS: Strategy costs in our model depended largely on drug costs. The first strategy was confirmed as the most effective but also the most expensive approach. Cefixime should cost no more than US$1.5 for the strategy to be the most cost-effective. The second strategy saved money and drugs but proved a valuable alternative only when laboratory performance was optimal. The third strategy with cotrimoxazole was the least expensive but a low follow-up visit rate, poor treatment compliance or lower drug efficacy limited effectiveness. Maximizing compliance by replacing cotrimoxazole with single-dose kanamycin had the single greatest impact on the effectiveness of the third strategy. CONCLUSION: Our model suggested that a cost-effective approach would be to treat gonorrhoea with a single-dose antibiotic selected from locally available products that cost no more than US$ 1.5

Design of temperature control of power electronic element of device for radio transmission

Tato práce se zabývá řešením problému přehřívání výkonových zařízení pro radiový přenos, konkrétně vysílacích elektronek, které často dosahují při maximálním provozu příliš vysokých teplot. Jedná se o návrh regulace teploty na tomto zařízení.This work deals with the problem of overheating power devices for radio transmission, namely transmitting vacuum tubes, which often reach a high temperature by the maximum operating of this. This is the design of temperature control for this device.

“PENGARUH TRUSTDANANTESEDENCUSTOMER SATISFACTION TERHADAP CUSTOMER LOYALTY“ (StudiPadaPelanggan JNE di Surakarta)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh variabel trust dan anteseden customer satisfaction terhadap customer loyalty pada pelanggan JNE di Surakarta. Penelitian ini menggunakan sampel 200 responden. Teknik pengumpulan data yang digunakan yaitu kuisioner. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan metode non-probability sampling, yaitu purposive sampling dengan kriteria responden yang pernah menggunakan jasa layanan JNE di Surakarta sebanyak minimal 3 kali dalam 6 bulan terakhir saat pengambilan data dilakukan. SEM AMOS digunakan untuk menguji hipotesis yang telah dirumuskan. Berdasarkan hasil analisis model structural (SEM) yang menguji hipotesis dalam penelitian ini didapatkan hasil antara lain : pertama, service quality berpengaruh terhadap customer satisfaction, kedua, innovation capability berpengaruh terhadap customer satisfaction, ketiga, corporate image tidak berpengaruh terhadap customer satisfaction, keempat, customer satisfaction berpengaruh terhadap trust, kelima trust berpengaruh terhadap customer loyalty, dan yang terakhir adalah customer satisfaction berpengaruh terhadap customer loyalty. Beberapa faktor yang mempengaruhi customer loyalty telah diuji dalam penelitian ini. Tetapi ada beberapa variabel yang kemungkinan berpengaruh terhadap customer loyalty yang tidak diuji pengaruhnya dalam penelitian ini. Sehingga diharapkan penelitian selanjutnya dapat melengkapi keterbatasan pada penelitian ini

Dinoflagellate cysts of the shallow marine Neogene succession in the Kalmthout well, northern Belgium

The dinoflagellate cyst associations from the Neogene succession in the Kalmthout well allow a correlation with biozonations and key dinocyst events from the North Sea area and the eastcoast of the USA. The recovered cyst assemblages suggest that an Early Miocene (late Aquitanian - early Burdigalian) age can be attributed to the Berchem Formation, while the Diest Formation is of Late Miocene (late Tortonian - Messinian) age. The age of the Kattendijk Formation remains unclear. The Lillo Formation in the Kalmthout well is of Pliocene age and possibly not younger than early Late Pliocene

Aplikasi Manajemen Trafik BTS CDMA Telkom Flexi

Tugas akhir akhir ini membahas tentang suatu analisis manajemen trafik voice yang dilakukan pada BTS CDMA Telkom Flexi. Setiap gangguan trafik yang terjadi dapat menyebabkan terjadinya penurunan kualitas layanan, sehingga melihat pentingnya peranan trafik BTS maka diperlukan suatu perangkat lunak untuk menentukan trafik BTS. Penulis akan merancang sebuah aplikasi manajemen trafik BTS menggunakan formula performansi trafik voice. Aplikasi yang dibuat akan diakses secara lokal sedangkan implementasinya menggunakan jaringan intranet. Dari hasil perancangan akan menghasilkan perangkat lunak yang bisa digunakan untuk menganalisis trafik BTS

Disused Neogene and Quaternary regional stages from Belgium: Bolderian, Houthalenian, Antwerpian, Diestian, Deurnian, Kasterlian, Kattendijkian, Scaldisian, Poederlian, Merksemian and Flandrian

An overview of eleven disused Neogene regional stages from Belgium is presented. Some of the regional stages were already brought into use in the nineteenth century, but are nowadays considered ill defined and of no use in the light of the modern stratigraphic concepts. An overview of their definition and history is given, together with the argumentation for the abandonment of each unit and its present status. The disused chronostratigraphic units belonged to the Miocene, the Pliocene and the Holocene series