Beer and its Non-Alcoholic Compounds: Role in Pancreatic Exocrine Secretion, Alcoholic Pancreatitis and Pancreatic Carcinoma

In this article we provide an overview of the newest data concerning the effect of non-alcoholic constituents of alcoholic beverages, especially of beer, on pancreatic secretion, and their possible role in alcoholic pancreatitis and pancreatic carcinoma. The data indicate that non-alcoholic constituents of beer stimulate pancreatic enzyme secretion in humans and rats, at least in part, by direct action on pancreatic acinar cells. Some non-alcoholic compounds of beer, such as quercetin, resveratrol, ellagic acid or catechins, have been shown to be protective against experimentally induced pancreatitis by inhibiting pancreatic secretion, stellate cell activation or by reducing oxidative stress. Quercetin, ellagic acid and resveratrol also show anti-carcinogenic potential in vitro and in vivo. However, beer contains many more non-alcoholic ingredients. Their relevance in beer-induced functional alterations of pancreatic cells leading to pancreatitis and pancreatic cancer in humans needs to be further evaluated

Enhancing human gut health: Global innovations in dysbiosis management

The microbiota, comprising all the microorganisms within the body, plays a critical role in maintaining good health. Dysbiosis represents a condition resulting from an imbalance or alteration of the microbiota. This study comprehensively investigates the patent literature on dysbiosis over the past 20 years

Erdafitinib in BCG-treated high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer

Background: Treatment options are limited for patients with high-risk non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) with disease recurrence after bacillus Calmette–Guérin (BCG) treatment and who are ineligible for/refuse radical cystectomy. FGFR alterations are commonly detected in NMIBC. We evaluated the activity of oral erdafitinib, a selective pan-fibroblast growth factor receptor (FGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor, versus intravesical chemotherapy in patients with high-risk NMIBC and select FGFR3/2 alterations following recurrence after BCG treatment. Patients and methods: Patients aged ≥18 years with recurrent, BCG-treated, papillary-only high-risk NMIBC (high-grade Ta/T1) and select FGFR alterations refusing or ineligible for radical cystectomy were randomized to 6 mg daily oral erdafitinib or investigator's choice of intravesical chemotherapy (mitomycin C or gemcitabine). The primary endpoint was recurrence-free survival (RFS). The key secondary endpoint was safety. Results: Study enrollment was discontinued due to slow accrual. Seventy-three patients were randomized 2 : 1 to erdafitinib (n = 49) and chemotherapy (n = 24). Median follow-up for RFS was 13.4 months for both groups. Median RFS was not reached for erdafitinib [95% confidence interval (CI) 16.9 months-not estimable] and was 11.6 months (95% CI 6.4-20.1 months) for chemotherapy, with an estimated hazard ratio of 0.28 (95% CI 0.1-0.6; nominal P value = 0.0008). In this population, safety results were generally consistent with known profiles for erdafitinib and chemotherapy. Conclusions: Erdafitinib prolonged RFS compared with intravesical chemotherapy in patients with papillary-only, high-risk NMIBC harboring FGFR alterations who had disease recurrence after BCG therapy and refused or were ineligible for radical cystectomy

Between institutional prescriptions and experiences of the players; what are the productions-constructions in terms of professionalization? : Qualitative study of training-professionalization interactions : the case of directors of training centres of apprentices of building and public works (CFA-BTP)

La problématique de cette recherche est la professionnalisation, construite et vécue par les directeurs des centres de formation d’apprentis du bâtiment et des travaux publics (CFA-BTP) qui font partie d’un système paritaire national de formation professionnelle coordonné par le Comité de concertation et de coordination de l’apprentissage du BTP (CCCA-BTP). L’objectif principal est de comprendre et d’interpréter les différentes situations d’interaction et d’interdépendance qui permettent à ces sujets-acteurs de développer leurs capacités et de faire évoluer leurs postures professionnelles. C’est une recherche qualitative, basée sur des critères de crédibilité, de transférabilité, de fiabilité et de confirmation des résultats d’analyse pour laquelle un corpus empirique composé d’entretiens avec des directeurs de CFA-BTP et de documents décrivant la prescription institutionnelle en relation avec les processus de professionnalisation a été constitué, croisé et interprété. Ce travail a permis de comprendre les intentions institutionnelles, les compréhensions et les interprétations de ces intentions par les sujets-acteurs concernés et, enfin, les réalisations et les usages qui en sont faits. En termes de résultats, l’auteur soutient que la professionnalisation des directeurs de CFA-BTP est construite principalement sur l’imprévisibilité des situations-expériences au travail auxquelles ces sujets-acteurs sont confrontés, ce qui leur permet, simultanément, de construire de nouvelles visions de leur fonction, ainsi que d’appréhender des missions et objectifs professionnels en transformation.La problematic of this research is the professionalization, built up and experienced by directors of training centres of apprentices of building and public works (CFA-BTP), which is part of a national paritary system of vocational training coordinated by the French National Committee of Cooperation and Coordination of Apprenticeship in the Construction Sector, called CCCA-BTP. Principally, it is a matter of comprehension and interpretation of different situations of interaction and of interdependence which enable these subjects and actors to develop their capacities and to advance their professional attitudes. This is a qualitative research, based on the criteria like credibility, transferability, liability and confirmation of results of the analysis where the empirical corpus, composed of the outcomes of interviews with the CFA-BTP directors and of the documents describing the institutional prescription related to the professionalization process were put together, criss-crossed and interpreted. This work permitted to understand institutional intentions and their interpretations by the subjects and actors concerned and, finally, the achievements and use done with them. In terms of results, the author supports that the professionalization of the CFA-BTP directors is principally constructed on the unforeseen aspects of the situations and experiences, which these subjects and actors have to face at work. This enables them, simultaneously, to acquire new visions of their function and to achieve new missions and professional objectives, which are in a permanent transformation

Gipodermoz glaza u 3-letnego mal'chika

In May 1958 an unkmown parasite was received for investigation by the Eye-Department of the Hospital at Bydgoszcz. The paraisite had been found in the front eyeball ventricle of 3-year old boy. Closer, investigations revealed that it was Hypoderma lineatum (de Villers) larva Tesponsible for the ophthalmomyasis the boy was suffering from. This is the first written report of an ophthalmomyasis caused by the larva of H. lineatum in this country