Precise calculation of transition frequencies of hydrogen and deuterium based on a least-squares analysis

We combine a limited number of accurately measured transition frequencies in hydrogen and deuterium, recent quantum electrodynamics (QED) calculations, and, as an essential additional ingredient, a generalized least-squares analysis, to obtain precise and optimal predictions for hydrogen and deuterium transition frequencies. Some of the predicted transition frequencies have relative uncertainties more than an order of magnitude smaller than that of the g-factor of the electron, which was previously the most accurate prediction of QED.Comment: 4 pages, RevTe

Mapping Geographic Areas of High and Low Drug Adherence in Patients Prescribed Continuing Treatment for Acute Coronary Syndrome After Discharge

Peer Reviewedhttp://deepblue.lib.umich.edu/bitstream/2027.42/90283/1/phco.31.10.927.pd

't Hooft Operators in Gauge Theory from Toda CFT

We construct loop operators in two dimensional Toda CFT and calculate with them the exact expectation value of certain supersymmetric 't Hooft and dyonic loop operators in four dimensional \Ncal=2 gauge theories with SU(N) gauge group. Explicit formulae for 't Hooft and dyonic operators in \Ncal=2^* and \Ncal=2 conformal SQCD with SU(N) gauge group are presented. We also briefly speculate on the Toda CFT realization of arbitrary loop operators in these gauge theories in terms of topological web operators in Toda CFT.Comment: 49 pages, LaTeX. Typos fixed, references adde

Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks

In this chapter, we present a literature survey of an emerging, cutting-edge, and multi-disciplinary field of research at the intersection of Robotics and Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) which we refer to as Robotic Wireless Sensor Networks (RWSN). We define a RWSN as an autonomous networked multi-robot system that aims to achieve certain sensing goals while meeting and maintaining certain communication performance requirements, through cooperative control, learning and adaptation. While both of the component areas, i.e., Robotics and WSN, are very well-known and well-explored, there exist a whole set of new opportunities and research directions at the intersection of these two fields which are relatively or even completely unexplored. One such example would be the use of a set of robotic routers to set up a temporary communication path between a sender and a receiver that uses the controlled mobility to the advantage of packet routing. We find that there exist only a limited number of articles to be directly categorized as RWSN related works whereas there exist a range of articles in the robotics and the WSN literature that are also relevant to this new field of research. To connect the dots, we first identify the core problems and research trends related to RWSN such as connectivity, localization, routing, and robust flow of information. Next, we classify the existing research on RWSN as well as the relevant state-of-the-arts from robotics and WSN community according to the problems and trends identified in the first step. Lastly, we analyze what is missing in the existing literature, and identify topics that require more research attention in the future

Spinning dust emission: the effect of rotation around a non-principal axis

We investigate the rotational emission from dust grains that rotate around non- principal axes. We argue that in many phases of the interstellar medium, the smallest grains, which dominate spinning dust emission, are likely to have their nutation state (orientation of principal axes relative to the angular momentum vector) randomized during each thermal spike. We recompute the excitation and damping rates associated with rotational emission from the grain permanent dipole, grain-plasma interactions, infrared photon emission, and collisions. The resulting spinning dust spectra gener- ally show a shift toward higher emissivities and peak frequencies relative to previous calculations.Comment: Version accepted for publication in MNRAS. The derivation of the emission spectrum was clarified. The companion code, SPDUST.2, can be downloaded from http://www.tapir.caltech.edu/~yacine/spdust/spdust.htm

Light regime characterization in an airlift photobioreactor for production of microalgae with high starch content

The slow development of microalgal biotechnology is due to the failure in the design of large-scale photobioreactors (PBRs) where light energy is efficiently utilized. In this work, both the quality and the amount of light reaching a given point of the PBR were determined and correlated with cell density, light path length, and PBR geometry. This was made for two different geometries of the downcomer of an airlift PBR using optical fiber technology that allows to obtain information about quantitative and qualitative aspects of light patterns. This is important since the ability of microalgae to use the energy of photons is different, depending on the wavelength of the radiation. The results show that the circular geometry allows a more efficient light penetration, especially in the locations with a higher radial coordinate (r) when compared to the plane geometry; these observations were confirmed by the occurrence of a higher fraction of illuminated volume of the PBR for this geometry. An equation is proposed to correlate the relative light intensity with the penetration distance for both geometries and different microalgae cell concentrations. It was shown that the attenuation of light intensity is dependent on its wavelength, cell concentration, geometry of PBR, and the penetration distance of light.Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (FCT

Localized massive halo properties in Bahamas and Macsis simulations: scalings, log-normality, and covariance

Using tens of thousands of halos realized in the BAHAMAS and MACSIS simulations produced with a consistent astrophysics treatment that includes AGN feedback, we validate a multi-property statistical model for the stellar and hot gas mass behavior in halos hosting groups and clusters of galaxies. The large sample size allows us to extract fine-scale mass--property relations (MPRs) by performing local linear regression (LLR) on individual halo stellar mass (${\rm M}_{\rm star}$) and hot gas mass (${\rm M}_{\rm gas}$) as a function of total halo mass (${\rm M}_{\rm halo}$). We find that: 1) both the local slope and variance of the MPRs run with mass (primarily) and redshift (secondarily); 2) the conditional likelihood, $p({\rm M}_{\rm star},\ {\rm M}_{\rm gas} | \ {\rm M}_{\rm halo}, z)$ is accurately described by a multivariate, log-normal distribution, and; 3) the covariance of ${\rm M}_{\rm star}$ and ${\rm M}_{\rm gas}$ at fixed ${\rm M}_{\rm halo}$ is generally negative, reflecting a partially closed baryon box model for high mass halos. We validate the analytical population model of Evrard et al. (2014), finding sub-percent accuracy in the log-mean halo mass selected at fixed property, $\langle \ln {\rm M}_{\rm halo} | {\rm M}_{\rm gas} \rangle$ or $\langle \ln {\rm M}_{\rm halo} | {\rm M}_{\rm star} \rangle$, when scale-dependent MPR parameters are employed. This work highlights the potential importance of allowing for running in the slope and scatter of MPRs when modeling cluster counts for cosmological studies. We tabulate LLR fit parameters as a function of halo mass at $z=0$, $0.5$ and 1 for two popular mass conventions

Variation, variability, and the origin of the avian endocranium:Insights from the anatomy of alioramus altai (theropoda: Tyrannosauroidea)

The internal braincase anatomy of the holotype of Alioramus altai, a relatively small-bodied tyrannosauroid from the Late Cretaceous of Mongolia, was studied using high-resolution computed tomography. A number of derived characters strengthen the diagnosis of this taxon as both a tyrannosauroid and a unique, new species (e.g., endocranial position of the gasserian ganglion, internal ramification of the facial nerve). Also present are features intermediate between the basal theropod and avialan conditions that optimize as the ancestral condition for Coelurosauria--a diverse group of derived theropods that includes modern birds. The expression of several primitive theropod features as derived character states within Tyrannosauroidea establishes previously unrecognized evolutionary complexity and morphological plasticity at the base of Coelurosauria. It also demonstrates the critical role heterochrony may have played in driving patterns of endocranial variability within the group and potentially reveals stages in the evolution of neuroanatomical development that could not be inferred based solely on developmental observations of the major archosaurian crown clades. We discuss the integration of paleontology with variability studies, especially as applied to the nature of morphological transformations along the phylogenetically long branches that tend to separate the crown clades of major vertebrate groups