Using Surgeon Hand Motions to Predict Surgical Maneuvers

Objective: This study explores how common machine learning techniques can predict surgical maneuvers from a continuous video record of surgical benchtop simulations. Background: Automatic computer vision recognition of surgical maneuvers (suturing, tying, and transition) could expedite video review and objective assessment of surgeries. Method: We recorded hand movements of 37 clinicians performing simple and running subcuticular suturing benchtop simulations, and applied three machine learning techniques (decision trees, random forests, and hidden Markov models) to classify surgical maneuvers every 2 s (60 frames) of video. Results: Random forest predictions of surgical video correctly classified 74% of all video segments into suturing, tying, and transition states for a randomly selected test set. Hidden Markov model adjustments improved the random forest predictions to 79% for simple interrupted suturing on a subset of randomly selected participants. Conclusion: Random forest predictions aided by hidden Markov modeling provided the best prediction of surgical maneuvers. Training of models across all users improved prediction accuracy by 10% compared with a random selection of participants. Application: Marker-less video hand tracking can predict surgical maneuvers from a continuous video record with similar accuracy as robot-assisted surgical platforms, and may enable more efficient video review of surgical procedures for training and coaching. </jats:sec

The concept of individualised care

© Springer International Publishing AG, part of Springer Nature 2019. The conceptual investigation of individualised care includes the meaning attributed to the term, the uses of the concept in nursing literature and the various proposed definitions of the concept found in the nursing literature. This chapter outlines the utilisation of the individualised care concept in nursing science literature but also in some other health disciplines. Furthermore, the development of the concept in regard to its different meanings and definitions used over time will be examined