Impact evaluation of biomass used in small combustion activities sector on air emissions: Analyses of emissions from Alpine, Adriatic-Ionian and Danube EU macro-regions by using the EDGAR emissions inventory

The emissions from small stationary combustion activities sector, in particular from the energy needs for residential buildings, have significant shares in total emissions of EU28. Therefore, measures to mitigate the emissions from this less regulated sector related to implementation checking are needed. In this study, we analysed the changes in fuel mix for this sector over 1990-2012 period, the emissions and their distribution over the areas covered by European Union Strategy for Alpine macro-region (EUSALP), European Union Strategy for Adriatic and Ionian macro-region (EUSAIR) and European Union Strategy for Danube macro-region (EUSDR). The emissions gridmaps of fine particulate matter (PM2.5), black carbon (BC) and benzo(a)pyren (BaP) are presented for the year 2010; in specific circumstances, these pollutants are known to produce negative effects on health. For this research, we used the data and information of the Emissions Database for Global Atmospheric Research (EDGAR) versions v4.3.2 and v4.tox3. Accurate emissions estimates are important to evaluate the impacts of fuel combustion in small stationary combustion activities sector on air quality, human health and crops. Inventories of GHGs, air pollutants and toxic pollutants included in EDGAR are developed by using, as input, fuel consumption from IEA (2014) and emissions factors from scientific literature and official guidebooks such as EMEP/EEA (2013). Working together with emissions inventory experts from selected countries in these macro-regions, the effects of improvements of fuel consumption statistics, biomass in particular, on emissions in the latest years have been quantified by comparing EDGAR data with national data. Besides sectorial emissions estimation, the emissions distribution is also important in the inventory development process. In order to distribute emissions consistently for all countries included in Alpine, Adriatic-Ionian and Danube macro-regions, the EDGAR team upgraded the WEB-based gridding tool with a module for small stationary combustion activities. Emissions estimation and distribution are key elements in preparing a complete input for chemical transport models and further evaluate the impacts of these emissions on air quality, health and crops. This report aims to provide the policy makers and scientists insights on the representativeness and uncertainty of local emissions from the residential sector that play an important role on air quality. These datasets can be used as input for the atmospheric chemical transport models for air pollutants and can illustrate the importance of emission inventory uncertainties and discrepancies.JRC.C.5-Air and Climat

Prevencija padova i prijeloma kod osoba starijih od 65 godina

Demografski podaci grada Rijeke pokazuju nastavak trenda porasta starenja populacije (19,7% starijih pod 65 godina), udio samačkih domaćinstava je također sve veći (22%). Ozljede kod stanovnika starijih od 65 godina najčešće su vezane uz prijelome (2508), dislokacije, uganoća i nategnuća (397), čime se smanjuje kvaliteta života stanovništva i povećavaju javnozdravstveni troškovi. Ciljana populacija su sve osobe starije od 65 godina u gradu Rijeci, samostalno pokretni koji žive u privatnim kućanstvima. Kroz program se želi postići da veći broj osoba vježba u svom domu, da se uključuje u aktivnosti klubova umirovljenika, da prakticira zaštitna ponašanja (reorganizira dom i delegira poslove), povećanje fizičke spremnosti kod ciljane populacije, bolja koncentracija, sigurnije životno okruženje te manji broj padova i lomova, bolja kvaliteta života kao i manji troškovi zdravstvenog sustava. Opravdanost ovog projekta pronalazi se i u podacima dobivenim kroz provedbe fokus grupa koje su pokazale da veći broj umirovljenika ne posjećuje klubove, nemaju informacije o prevenciji padova, manji broj umirovljenika koristi organizirano vježbanje, žele biti informirani o prevenciji padova i da su aktivni članovi spremni doći do onih neaktivnih kako bi ih informirali. Aktivnosti kroz koje želimo ostvariti naše ciljeve su predavanja za ciljanu populaciju o opasnostima od padova s ozbiljnim zdravstvenim posljedicama te o važnosti vježbanja i mogućnostima vježbanja u kući, emitirati tematske emisije na televiziji i radiju, distribuirati postere u centre primarne zdravstvene zaštite, ljekarne, mjesne odbore i autobusne stanice), letke o sigurnosnim ponašanjima u domu i izvan, plakate s preporukama osoba i obrta za sitne radove u kući. Evaluacija provedenog dijela aktivnosti pilot predavanja pokazuje da je moguće promijeniti stav i povećati svjesnost o važnosti samozaštitnih ponašanja

Exchange area for area? Analysis of German impact regulations and their applicability in the context of nature conservation law in Austria.

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschäftigt sich mit dem Instrument der Eingriffsregelung in Deutschland und deren Umsetzbarkeit im österreichischen naturschutzrechtlichen Kontext. Der deutsche Teil umfasst eine ausführliche Analyse der naturschutzrechtlichen und städtebaulichen Eingriffsregel, untermauert mit einem ausführlich beschriebenen Praxisbeispiel. Anhand der Naturschutzgesetze in Österreich erfolgt eine Zusammenstellung der Regelungen in Bezug auf Kompensationsmechanismen in Österreich. Schlussendlich wird anhand der Gegenüberstellung festgestellt, dass das deutsche Modell im Grundgedanken jedenfalls übertragbar wäre, das exakte Modell aufgrund von wesentlichen rechtlichen Unterschieden jedoch nicht.The present thesis deals with the instrument of the impact regulation in Germany and its applicability in the Austrian context of nature conservation law. The German part includes a detailed analysis ofthe nature conservation law and urban planning impact, underpinned with a detailed described practical case example. Based on the nature conservation laws in Austria, a compilation of the regulations regarding compensation mechanisms in Austria is given. In conclusion, the comparison shows that the German model is transferable in its basic idea, but the exact model is not transferable due to essential legal differences