The biological condition of Cox’s Creek and Cox’s Rivulet: November 2002

The condition of Cox’s Creek and Cox’s Rivulet downstream of the Scottsdale WWTP discharge was assessed by conducting a biological survey of aquatic macroinvertebrates in early November 2002. This survey was designed to provide a picture of the condition of the receiving streams for the Scottsdale WWTP discharges in comparison with state-wide standards derived from a large database of minimally polluted reference sites. Four other local control stream sites were also sampled for comparison, in Hurst Creek and Tuckers Rivulet. Macroinvertebrates samples were collected using a standard kick sampling technique, hand sorted and the fauna identified and counted prior to data analysis

Biomonitoring of the Derwent River at Derwent Bridge: 1995 - 2000

This report describes the cumulative results to April 2000 of the biological monitoring conducted in the Derwent River at Derwent Bridge prior to and following the commencement of discharge of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) constructed to treat waste waters from developments at Cynthia Bay at Lake St Clair. Monitoring of the biota of the ambient waters receiving discharge from the WWTP is required under the conditions of license to operate by the Department of Primary Industry Water and Environment (DPIWE). As part of those conditions, monitoring at two sites was required during a period prior to commencement of WWTP discharge (1995) and thereafter (1996, 1997, 1998, 2000). Sampling was conducted three times per year in 1995-1997 (once each in summer, autumn and winter), was decreased to twice a year in 1998 (once in autumn and winter). In 1998, the frequency of sampling was further decreased to once every second year, in autumn, with sampling conducted again in April 2000. Pre-discharge biological monitoring commenced in early 1995. Commencement of WWTP discharge commenced in August 1996. There are therefore, three sampling events conducted prior to discharge. These samples represent the ‘pre-discharge’ conditions, while all samples after late 1996 represent the ‘post-discharge’ conditions

NW Bay River Environmental Flows: An evaluation for Kingborough Council

An evaluation of the environmental flow needs of the NW Bay River was required by Kingborough Council. This evaluation is focussed on the amount, likely environmental benefits and practicalities of delivery of enhanced flows downstream of the Hobart Water takes in upper NW Bay River. An initial environmental flow assessment for NW Bay River was conducted by the Department of Primary Industry Water and Environment's Water Assessment and Planning Branch (Krasnicki and Graham 2001). This assessment focussed on minimum environmental flow requirements (i.e. excluding flood/high flows which are not significantly altered in the upper-middle reaches of the NW Bay River) for instream life - fish, macroinvertebrates and platypus

Ben Lomond Wastewater treatment Plant: Receiving water aquatic biological survey report. November 2012

Wastewater discharged from the Ben Lomond Waste Water Treatment Plant is now subject to water quality and biological monitoring of its receiving water, the upper alpine reaches of the Ford River, under its Ambient Water Quality Monitoring Program as required by the Tasmanian EPA. The Ford River rises at 1435 m elevation and flows through a large periglacial dolerite boulder field in a shallow depression before dropping off the Ben Lomond plateau at around 1300 m. It is a clearwater, low ionic strength alpine stream with a shallow, diffuse, sometimes subsurface channel. The Ben Lomond development discharges wastewater via a single pipe outfall into a side channel of the Ford River at approx. 1 km from the commencement of the surface stream channel. Biological sampling was required to include semi-qualitative and quantitative sampling for benthic macroinvertebrates and benthic algae. The protocols are required to comply with the TRCI (Tasmanian River Condition Index) framework’s Aquatic Life component sampling, sample processing and data analysis protocols (NRM South 2009, 2009a). Sampling is required in two season per year, once in spring (October to December) and once in autumn (February to April). This report presents the results of spring 2012 sampling for stream biot

The biological condition of Cox’s Creek and Cox’s Rivulet: November 2004. Report to Dorset Council.

The condition of Cox’s Creek and Cox’s Rivulet downstream of the Scottsdale WWTP discharge was assessed by Davies and Cook (2002) conducting a biological survey of aquatic macroinvertebrates in early November 2002. That survey was designed to provide a picture of the condition of the receiving streams for the Scottsdale WWTP discharges in comparison with state-wide standards derived from a large database of minimally polluted reference sites. Four other local reference stream sites were also sampled for comparison, in Hurst Creek and Tuckers Rivulet. The survey indicated that the upper reaches of Cox’s Creek and Rivulet downstream of the WWTP discharge were in very poor condition, with severely depleted macroinvertebrate assemblages dominated by forms tolerant of organic pollution (e.g. worms, chironomid midges). The survey was repeated in November 2004, following substantial change to the nature of the Scottsdale WWTP discharge after the closure of the Simplot factory, whose wastewater was discharged via the WWTP. As in the 2002 survey, macroinvertebrate samples were collected using a standard kick sampling technique. However, fish populations were sampled at several sites for the first time in 2004

Biomonitoring of the Derwent River at Derwent Bridge: 1995 - 2003

This report describes the cumulative results to March 2003 of the biological monitoring conducted in the Derwent River at Derwent Bridge prior to and following the commencement of discharge of the wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) constructed to treat waste waters from developments at Cynthia Bay at Lake St Clair. Monitoring of the biota of the ambient waters receiving discharge from the WWTP is required under the conditions of license to operate by the Department of Primary Industry Water and Environment (DPIWE). As part of those conditions, monitoring at two sites was required during a period prior to commencement of WWTP discharge (1995) and thereafter (1996, 1997, 1998, 2000). Sampling was conducted three times per year in 1995-1997 (once each in summer, autumn and winter), was decreased to twice a year in 1998 (once in autumn and winter). In 1998, the frequency of sampling was further decreased to once every second year, in autumn, with sampling conducted in April 2000 and March 2003. Pre-discharge biological monitoring commenced in early 1995. Commencement of WWTP discharge commenced in August 1996. There are therefore, three sampling events conducted prior to discharge. These samples represent the 'pre-discharge' conditions, while all samples after late 1996 represent the 'post-discharge' conditions. The two sampling sites are situated 100 m upstream and downstream of the discharge point, located approx. 1 km downstream of Derwent Bridge. Monitoring consists of regular quantitative sampling of benthic (bottom dwelling) macroinvertebrates (principally aquatic insects and crustaceans) and algae in the Derwent River. The discharge point is immediately upstream of Lake King William. At the point of proposed discharge, the Derwent River consists of a sequence of long runs interspersed with occasional deep pools. The runs are characterised by a gravel and small cobble substrate, grading to fine gravel and sand on the channel margins. Flows are partially controlled by HEC gates downstream of Lake St Clair, but the river hydrology is essentially natural, reflecting the discharge from Lake St Clair, whose storage characteristics have not been substantially altered by HEC operations and whose catchment is essentially pristine. The reach in which the WWTP discharge occurs, is, however, frequently inundated by Lake King William waters when that lake is within 1 - 2 m of full supply level (FSL). Prolonged periods of inundation lead to a decrease in the abundance and diversity of macroinvertebrates at both sites, to a similar extent (see Davies and Cook 1998a, 1998b, 2000)

Juvenile Astacopsis gouldi in headwater streams - relative abundance and habitat

Two surveys were conducted of juvenile Astacopsis gouldi in headwater streams. Repeated sampling of Class 4 and 2 streams in two drainage suggested that a string seasonal pattern in abundance was absent, and that use of Class 4 streams (as defined in the Forest Practices Code) was relatively low at all times of the year compared to Class 2 streams. A survey of a large number of relatively undisturbed stream sites indicated that: - Class 4 streams are used by juvenile A. gouldi, but at significantly lower densities than Class 2 streams; - juvenile A. gouldi numbers are highly spatially variable; - juvenile A. gouldi are more abundant in Class 2 streams of moderate catchment size, and wider channels. Macro-habitat features favoured by juvenile A. gouldi include: - wide streams with catchment areas typically 2 to 30 km2; < 2% area of substrate as silt; 10% high proportions of moss cover; moderate to high proportions (10 - 30%) of substrate as boulders; channel slopes < 15%; or - small streams of 0.4 to 2 km2 catchment area and with significant and sustained groundwater (spring) input leading to elevated perennial baseflows. Meso-habitat features favoured by juvenile A. gouldi include large rocks or logs that are big enough not to be easily dislodged, not embedded in finer substrates, that overly coarser substrates and/or with a distinct cavity underneath. The maintenance of current prescriptions for the protection of headwater A. gouldi populations is recommended

Ethical Practices in League Gaming in India

The Indian sports environment has been abuzz with activity in recent years. According to reports, sports sponsorship has grown 12.3% to a whoppingINR 5,185.4 crore (~US$800 million) in 2015 from a modest INR 4616.5 crore (~US$700 million) in 2014. Especially, the brand value of the Indian Premier League(IPL) has been around US$4 billion. According to the Board of Control for Cricket in India (BCCI), the 2015 IPL season contributed to around INR 1,150 crore (~US$170 million) to India's Gross Domestic Product (GDP). There is a substantial increase in the private investment in the sport, combined with the resultant appreciation of the importance of public trust in authenticity of results. Of late it has been seen that Industrial houses and even Film Stars of the glamour world have come up to participate into sports sponsorship in a big way. Above all, the issue of participant-integrity in league gaming has come to the forefront. DOI:10.5281/zenodo.338674

Orielton Lagoon: Changes in the benthic macroinvertebrate community between 1999 and 2005

This report describes the results of a survey for benthic macroinvertebrates (BM) conducted in Orielton Lagoon in May 2005. This survey was designed as a repeat of a survey conducted in June 1999 (Davies and Cook 2004). These surveys were commissioned by Sorell Council and designed by Freshwater Systems to describe changes in BM assemblages that may be attributed to remediation works at the Lagoon. The works included modifications to the Sorell causeway and the associated drainage of Orielton Lagoon, and diversion of suburban wastewater from the Lagoon for land disposal/irrigation. These actions were aimed at increasing both the water and sediment quality of the Lagoon, with the specific aim of reducing nutrient loads, eutrophication and the incidence of algal blooms and associated odour problems. Orielton Lagoon is a shallow (average 1.3 m deep) lagoon about 265 ha in area, separated from Pittwater by a causeway originally constructed in 1868, and modified in 1906 and 1953. The causeway constricted tidal exchange and this, along with a large influx of nutrients from wastewater disposal from Midway Point, led to high internal nutrient loadings and high rates of algal production (Brett 1988, Kinhill 1993). Blue green algal blooms were a frequent occurrence in the mid to late 1990's, causing scums, odours and public health and aesthetic concerns. Culvert infrastructure at the causeway was modified in 1998 to enhance tidal exchange with Pittwater, flush water-column nutrients from the lagoon and stabilise salinities. This BM survey was conducted in two parts and was originally conceived as a BACI (before-after control impact) paired design with sites in Orielton Lagoon being compared with sites in a control embayment before and after the cessation of WWTP discharge to the lagoon. Natural differences in hydrodynamics and geomorphology between Orielton Lagoon and other nearby semi-estuarine or embayment sites limit their use as strict statistical controls, and they should be referred to as reference systems. Two reference embayments were selected, to improve inferential ability from the survey and to ensure representative sampling of marine embayments in the local area that were as similar as possible to Orielton Lagoon in its original hydrodynamic state, and that were experiencing low to moderate nutrient loads. The two embayments chosen were upper Pittwater, downstream of Samphire Island, and the Carlton River estuary. Sampling was conducted on soft silt-mud sediments of broadly similar size composition to those observed in Orielton lagoon. Results of both the pre- and post-mitigation sampling are described here, and compared with changes observed at the reference sites

Biological Condition of the Ring and Stitt Rivers: Survey of aquatic biota, Spring 2008 and Autumn 2009. [Report to OZMinerals, Rosebery]

This report describes the results of surveys conducted in 2008/09 in the Ring and Stitt Rivers, comprised of one spring 2008 and one autumn 2009 seasonal sampling event for macroinvertebrates and fish. This report forms part of what is now a routine biomonitoring exercise for the Ring and Stitt catchments. Surveys under this program have been previously reported for autumn and spring 2005/06, 2006/07 and 2007/08 (Davies et al. 2005a, b; 2006a, b; 2007; 2008). These were preceded by a detailed survey conducted in 2003/04 (Davies et al. 2004). The primary aims of this monitoring are to: - describe the status of macroinvertebrate and fish assemblages in the Ring and Stitt Rivers; - evaluate changes over time and relate these to environmental conditions (especially habitat and water quality) and management actions (e.g. remediation of Hercules mine, management of wastewaters and drainage in the Rosebery area)