Treatment in Postconcussional Syndrome

Postconcussional syndrome is characterized by somatic, cognitive and psychiatric (emotional, behavioral) symptoms that occur after mild traumatic brain injury. These symptoms usually recover fully within 3-6 months almost in 90% of patients. Persistent post-concussion symptoms could occur in 10% of patients. Diagnosis is based on the subjective complaints and the treatment of the syndrome is mainly of palliative nature. The patient should be educated about the nature and outcome of the syndrome and reassured that almost all symptoms recover fully within 3-6 months. Multifaceted rehabilitation programs and cognitive behavioral therapy could be beneficial. Pharmacotherapy and somatic therapy are other options for persistent symptoms

6C learning: a pragmatic framework for 2nd generation e-learning projects.

In 2006 we expect a large scale take-up of e-learning. In this paper we first argue that e-learning has evolved from a first to a second generation, with learning itself as the essential component. Within this second generation, we present a pragmatic framework, the 6C learning framework. There are six components, all pertaining to the question how to make e-learning work. Success in e-learning is the result of careful conceptualization, design, implementation and outcome. The framework enables reflection, sustainment and evaluation. As such, it is mainly but not solely meant for management of e-learning projects. This reference framework may thus prove its usefulness as a possible checklist.e-learning; architecture;

Connection between Job Motivation, Job Satisfaction and Work Performance in Romanian Trade Enterprises

On defining the connection between job motivation and job satisfaction and between job satisfaction and work performance is still not complete agreement among experts, given the complexity of the phenomena studied. Over time, the relationship between job motivation and job satisfaction has been addressed in many ways in the organizational psychology. The issue of the connection between job satisfaction and work performance is also at least as controversial as the issues mentioned above with respect to these phenomena. Related to this connection, in the literature existed, over time, at least three points of view which held that: job satisfaction leads to work performance; work performance leads to job satisfaction; rewards are involved between job satisfaction and work performance. The paper aim is to present some aspects related to the connection between job motivation, job satisfaction and work performance. The issues presented in this paper lead to the conclusion that in the work process, the connection between job satisfaction and work performance or the connection between job motivation and job satisfaction are not constant or linear connection. These connections should be nuanced interpreted, depending on the conditions of occurrence. These conclusions are based on the results of a survey conducted among enterprises dealing mostly in trade sector, in Romanian Western Region

Neuropeptide Y and Stress

The neurobiological aspects of stress and coping skills has been the focus of interest for many researchers. Some of the studies has shown that there is a significant relationship among genetically variables, stress response and life events. Neuropeptide Y is one of the systems regulating the stress response. Under the prolonged or repeated trauma neuropeptide Y is released from the brain's key areas. This system shows different levels of functioning in individuals with different levels of resilience. There is particular interest in the variations of genes that encode stress-sensitive signaling molecules during gene-environment interaction. This condition may contribute to susceptibility of stress or stress resilience. Neuropeptide Y system plays a key role in the adaptation to behavioral stress. The reduced levels of neuropeptide Y have also been observed in treatment-resistant depression and posttraumatic stress disorder. Lower level of neuropeptide Y expression and dysfunctional neuropeptide Y system in response to stress and resulting decreased stress resilience could increase susceptibility to stress-related disorders

Bipolar Disorder and Obsessive Compulsive Disorder Comorbidity

The comorbidity of bipolar disorder and anxiety disorders is a well known concept. Obsessive-compulsive disorder is the most commonly seen comorbid anxiety disorder in bipolar patients. Some genetic variants, neurotransmitters especially serotonergic systems and second-messenger systems are thought to be responsible for its etiology. Bipolar disorder alters the clinical aspects of obsessive compulsive disorder and is associated with poorer outcome. The determination of comorbidity between bipolar disorder and obsessive compulsive disorder is quite important for appropriate clinical management and treatment. [Psikiyatride Guncel Yaklasimlar - Current Approaches in Psychiatry 2014; 6(4.000): 429-437

Body Dysmorphic Disorder

Body dysmorphic disorder is a type of mental illness, wherein the affected person is concerned with body image, manifested as excessive concern about and preoccupation with a perceived defect of their physical features. Although it is a common disease and has been defined in the literature over a century, it is not a well known disease. Chronic, treatment resistant and sometimes delusional nature could result in severe functional impairment. The diagnosis and appropriate therapy of disorder are crucial because of increased suicidality and reduction in life quality. In this article the symptoms, etiology, clinical features and treatment of body dysmorphic disorder are briefly reviewed

Novel deletions causing pseudoxanthoma elasticum underscore the genomic instability of the ABCC6 region

Mutations in ABCC6 cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), a heritable disease that affects elastic fibers. Thus far, >200 mutations have been characterized by various PCR-based techniques (primarily direct sequencing), identifying up to 90% of PXE-causing alleles. This study wanted to assess the importance of deletions and insertions in the ABCC6 genomic region, which is known to have a high recombinational potential. To detect ABCC6 deletions/insertions, which can be missed by direct sequencing, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) was applied in PXE patients with an incomplete genotype. MLPA was performed in 35 PXE patients with at least one unidentified mutant allele after exonic sequencing and exclusion of the recurrent exon 23-29 deletion. Six multi-exon deletions and four single-exon deletions were detected. Using MLPA in addition to sequencing, we expanded the ABCC6 mutation spectrum with 9 novel deletions and characterized 25% of unidentified disease alleles. Our results further illustrate the instability of the ABCC6 genomic region and stress the importance of screening for deletions in the molecular diagnosis of PXE. Journal of Human Genetics (2010) 55, 112-117; doi: 10.1038/jhg.2009.132; published online 15 January 201

Prarancangan Pabrik Nitrobenzena Dari Benzena Dan Asam Nitrat Dengan Proses Biazzi Kapasitas 40.000 Ton/Tahun

Permintaan pasar terhadap nitrobenzena baik dalam pasar global maupun pasar lokal menunjukkan tren yang positif. Nitrobenzena memiliki berbagai macam kegunaan, mulai dari bahan peledak, bahan baku pembuatan anilin, industri farmasi, pestida. Maka dari itu dilakukan perancangan pabrik nitrobenzena dari benzena dan asam campuran (asam nitrat dan asam sulfat) kapasitas 40.000 ton/tahun. Reaksinya dilakukan dengan proses biazzi pada temperatur 50oC di dalam Reaktor Alir Tangki Berpengaduk (RATB) dengan waktu reaksi selama 3,6 jam dan terjadi reaksi eksotermis. Benzena dialirkan sebanyak 3203,90 kg/jam dan asam campuran 11.461,97 kg/jam (asam nitrat 4.283,40 kg/jam dan asam sulfat 7.178,57 kg/jam) untuk menghasilkan nitrobenzena sebesar 5050,51 kg/jam. Pabrik direncanakan akan didirikan di Cilacap, Jawa Tengah dengan luas 35.000 m2. Cilacap dipilih karena lokasi ini dekat dengan sumber bahan baku utama yaitu benzena. Untuk unit pendukung utilitas, sumber air berasal dari sungai Serayu dengan kebutuhan air sebesar 315.641,43 kg/jam, kebutuhan saturated steam 3173,96 kg/jam. Pabrik ini membutuhkan pasokan listrik sebesar 550 kW. Untuk bahan bakar dibutuhkan sebanyak 409,82 L/jam. Dan kebutuhan udara tekan untuk alat instrumentasi sebanyak 150 m3/jam. Berdasarkan perhitungan ekonomi pabrik ini mempunyai modal (FCI) Rp 515.157.766.798,22 dengan modal kerja (WC) Rp 134.460.177.465,56. Dari analisis Keuntungan sebelum pajak sebesar Rp 111.736.935.630,27 dan keuntungan sesudah pajak 30% sebesar Rp 78.215.854.941,19. Return On Investment (ROI) sebelum pajak 21,69%, sesudah pajak 15,18 %. Pay Out Time (POT) sebelum pajak 3,16 tahun dan sesudah pajak 3,97 tahun. Break Even Point (BEP) 55,55%, dan Shut Down Point (SDP) 29,13%, serta Discounted Cash Flow (DCF) 39,3%. Dari analisa tersebut disimpulkan bahwa pabrik nitrobenzena ini layak berdiri dan menguntungkan dari segi ekonomi

What can administrative data tell us about the impact of family structure on child health?

Background: Research suggests children in single-parent families have poorer health outcomes than children with coupled parents. The evidence base is limited by unclear and inconsistent terminology around single parenthood. An underestimation of diversity among families and the value of fathers also hinders our understanding of mechanisms driving child health disparities by family structure. Most evidence has relied on cross-sectional or longitudinal survey data but using administrative data may help address unanswered questions in this field. Methods: I systematically synthesised evidence on the association between single parenthood and child health. I systematically reviewed methods for linking fathers and children in administrative data globally to determine how this might be achieved in England. I used a linked administrative birth cohort including all births in England between 2005-2014 to examine how registration status, a measure of family structure, changes between consecutive births to the same mother, and how maternal characteristics and baby’s birthweight vary by registration status. Results: Compared to children with coupled parents, children in single-parent families have higher risks of adverse birth outcomes, mortality, and healthcare use. Four methods are employed for linking paternal and child records in administrative data globally. Changes to data collection are recommended to replicate this at the national level in England. Single-mother families at index birth have more family structure changes over time than coupled families. Maternal characteristics including socioeconomic status explain some of the higher risk for low birthweight among babies born to single mothers compared to married mothers. Conclusion: To effectively support families, and advance family research, several key areas require further attention: (1) heterogeneity of parent- and family-level characteristics within family structures (2) temporal components of family structure (3) paternal characteristics and contributions to child health across all family structures. The use of administrative data and linkage data can provide opportunities for advancing research in this area