Ekoproduktion på mjölkgårdar - ett lönsamt alternativ?

Inom ProAgria Norra Karelen har utretts lönsamheten av mjölkgårdar i östra Finland. Mellan gårdarna finns stora skillnader i ekonomin både inom ekologiska och konventionella. Utgångsläget inverkar på gårdens ekonomiska framgång i ekoproduktionen

Mobiilisovelluksen suunnittelu musiikkitapahtumalle

Erilaiset mobiilipalvelut ovat hiljattain tehneet tuloaan musiikkifestivaaleille. Tä-män tutkielman aiheena on Qstock 2013 -festivaalien visuaalisen ilmeen sovel-taminen mobiilisovelluksessa. Tavoitteena oli tutkia, kuinka luoda visuaalisesti onnistunut mobiilisovellus musiikkitapahtumalle, jossa grafiikka tukee onnis-tuneesti käytettävyyttä. Aineistona käytettiin aiheeseen liittyvää kirjallisuutta, in-ternetistä löytyvää tietoa sekä oman työskentelyn aikana syntyneitä havaintoja. Työn tuloksena syntyi katsaus tarjolla olevien festivaalisovellusten sisältöön ja grafiikkaan sekä selvitys mobiiligrafiikan suunnitteluun liittyvistä erityispiirteistä ja huomioon otettavista asioista.Various mobile services have recently paved their way to music festivals. The topic of this thesis is the visual identity of Qstock 2013 music festival applied to a mobile application. The objective is to examine how to create visually suc-cessful mobile application for a music festival, where graphics succesfully sup-port usability. Research methods used in this thesis were literature about the topic, information found on the Internet, as well as the personal observations made during the work process. Accomplishments of this thesis were a review of the content and graphics used in available festival applications and a report of special characteristics and things to consider when designing mobile graphics

Hoitotyön kirjaamisen kehittäminen Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan osastolla 11

Tämän opinnäytetyön tavoitteena oli suunnitella ja toteuttaa Keski-Suomen keskussairaalan osaston 11 hoitohenkilökunnalle koulutuskokonaisuus hoitotyön kirjaamisesta. Tarkoitus oli selkiyttää valtakunnallisesti merkittävää uudistusta hoitotyön kirjaamisessa, sekä vastata osaston henkilökunnan asettamiin hoitotyön kirjaamisen kehittämistavoitteisiin. Hoitotyön kirjaamista käsittelevät osastotunnit laadittiin lainsäädännön, tutkimustiedon ja kirjallisuuden pohjalta. Opinnäytetyön kirjallisuuskatsauksessa käsitellään hoitotyön kirjaamisen nykytilaa; kirjaamista sähköiseen hoitotietojärjestelmään sekä kirjaamisen pohjana käytettäviä rakenteita ja luokituksia. Lisäksi opinnäytetyön kirjallisuuskatsaus paneutuu hoitotyön kirjaamisen taustalla olevaan lainsäädäntöön sekä voimavarakeskeiseen ja potilaslähtöiseen kirjaamiseen. Opinnäytetyön kirjallisuuskatsauksen sisällön valinnassa käytettiin kohdeosaston henkilökunnan tekemää muistiota, jossa on kuvattu hoitotyön kirjaamisen kehittämishaasteita kohdeosastolla. Osastotuntien avulla on pyritty motivoimaan osaston hoitohenkilökuntaa muuttamaan kirjaamistaan potilaslähtöisempään ja voimavarakeskeisempään suuntaan. Lisäksi tarkoituksena oli tiiviisti kerrata jo aiemmin opittua tietoa hoitotyön sähköisestä kirjaamisesta, rakenteiden ja luokitusten käytöstä kirjaamisen pohjana.The purpose of study was to formulate package of knowledge over nursing documentation.This package of knowledge was formulated to the staff of Central Finland's Central Hospital ward 11.Also the purpose was to clear nowadays challenges on nursing documentation in Finland.Staff of ward 11 has thought some challenges over nursing documentation.The aim of this study was also to find answers to those challenges. Ward meetings over nursing documentation were formulated based on legislation, previous research information and literature.Issues that were also discussed in the literature overview of this study are nursind documentation on our days, using the electrical nursing documentation system and structured documentation.Legislation behind nursing documentation, empowerment and patient centred nursing are also a part of the literature overview of this study.Ward 11 staff had made a brief which handled challenges of nursing documentation at their ward.This brief has been used as the basement, while choosing the contensts of this study. The goal of ward meetings was to begin the changes in the way of nursing documentation at ward 11 staff to be based more on empowerment and patient centred.The meanings of the ward meetings were also to repeat the knowledge over electrical nursing documentation and classifications and structures in nursing documentation

Surun kohtaaminen saattohoidossa : Suruopas saattohoitopotilaiden omaisille

Suomessa kuolee vuosittain noin 50 000 ihmistä, joista syöpään kuolee noin 11 000. Saattohoidossa yleisin potilasryhmä on syöpäpotilaat, joita on noin 200 sataatuhatta asukasta kohden. Muita saattohoitoa tarvitsevia potilaita on noin 40 sataatuhatta asukasta kohden. Saattohoito on kuolevalle potilaalle annettavaa hoitoa, huolenpitoa ja apua, jota tarjotaan elämän viimeisessä vaiheessa, kun potilaalla on parantumaton sairaus. Saattohoidossa potilaan hoito on palliatiivista eli oireenmukaista, jonka tarkoituksena on parantaa potilaan ja tämä läheisten elämänlaatua sairauden loppuvaiheessa. Opinnäytetyön tavoitteena on helpottaa kuolevan potilaan läheisten surua. Oppaassa annetaan tietoa surun eri vaiheista ja valmistetaan omainen kohtaamaan läheisen kuolema. Opas tehtiin Salon Terveyskeskussairaalan osastolle. Tietoa kerättiin saattohoidosta, kuolemasta sekä surusta kirjallisuuskatsaukseen, josta tuotiin oppaaseen tärkeimpiä asioita tiivistettynä. Tekstiä ja tietoa valittiin oppaaseen vastaavan sairaanhoitajan opastuksella, jolla on paljon kokemusta saattohoitopotilaan ja heidän omaisten kanssa työskentelystä. Oppaan teossa huomioitiin oppaan valmistuminen juuri saattohoitopotilaan omaiselle, jolloin oppaan teksti muokkaantui surua tuntevan ihmisen luettavaksi. Opas tehtiin lyhyeksi ja ytimekkääksi, ja sen ulkomuoto on yksinkertainen. Opas on kahdeksan sivuinen, A5-kokoinen lehtinen, joka voidaan jakaa saattohoitoon tulevan potilaan omaisille hoidon alkaessa. Opas sisältää alkupuheen, tietoa saattohoidosta, sedaatiosta, kuolemasta sekä surutyöstä. Oppaan lopusta löytyy lähteitä, joita oppaassa on käytetty ja jotka ovat hyödyllistä lukemista potilaan omaiselle, sekä Eino Leinon runo. Opasta tullaan käyttämään saattohoito-osastolla ja käyttöön oton jälkeen halutaan selvittä, kuinka opas on otettu osastolla vastaan ja onko oppaasta saatu suoraa palautetta potilaiden omaisilta.50 000 people die in Finland annually, out of which 11 000 died of cancer. In hospice the most common patients are those with cancer. The amount of cancer patients in hospice is 200 per 100 000 people. The amount of patients in hospice with illnesses other than cancer is approximately 40 patients per 100 000 people. Hospice is the care and help given to a dying patient, offered at the last stage of a patient’s life when the patient has an incurable disease. In hospice, the treatment is palliative, or in other words symptomatic, and its purpose is to improve the quality of the lives of the patients and his/ her relatives at the final stages of the disease. The objective of the project was to make a guide for the close relatives of patients in hospice. The guide was made for department two at Salo’s health center. The objective of the thesis is to assist the relatives of patients in dealing with grief. The guide offers information on the various phases in grief, and it prepares the relative in facing the death of the patient. Information for the literature analysis was gathered from areas of hospice, death and grief, and summaries of these pieces of information were used in the guide. Information for the guide was chosen with the guidance of the assisting nurse, who has vast knowledge and experience in working with close relatives of patients in hospice. While making the guide, we took great care in modifying it to correspond to the needs of the grieving reader. The guide was purposefully made into a short and brief piece. Its visual appearance is simple. The guide is an 8-page-long, A5-size pamphlet that can be distributed to close relatives of the patient in hospice at the beginning of treatment. It includes a preview as well as information on hospice, sedation, death and grief. At the end of the guide the reader can find used sources, which can be helpful reads themselves, as well as a poem written by Eino Leino. The guide will be used at the hospice department

Coherence revivals in two-photon frequency combs

We describe and theoretically analyze the self-imaging Talbot effect of entangled photon pairs in the time domain. Rich phenomena are observed in coherence propagation along dispersive media of mode-locked two- photon states with frequency entanglement exhibiting a comblike correlation function. Our results can be used to remotely transfer frequency standards through optical fiber networks with two-photon light, avoiding the requirement of dispersion compensation

Ghost interference with classical partially coherent light pulses

The two-photon temporal coincidence detection amplitude obeys a pair of equations identical to those of classical partially coherent plane-wave pulses propagating in linearly dispersive media. These equations are also the same as the paraxial Wolf equations, for both the two-photon spatial probability amplitude and the cross-spectral density function. Therefore, a fourfold analogy between space and time, as well as between quantum entanglement and partial coherence, arises. In accordance to this, we predict nonlocal interference structures in a fourth-order interferometric configuration with classical partially coherent pulses under the assumption of Gaussian statistics. As an example, we present the classical temporal counterpart of the ghost diffraction phenomenon. Our work suggests that some time-domain entanglement phenomena that hitherto were considered as uniquely quantum can be mimicked by conventional partially coherent light pulse

Resolution-enhanced optical coherence tomography based on classical intensity interferometry

We propose a fourth-order interference scheme for optical coherence tomography operating with broadband incoherent (or quasi-incoherent) light. It is shown that using this proposal, an axial resolution improvement by a factor of 2 and a better sensitivity for weakly reflecting samples are obtained than with the standard second-order correlation scheme. From a practical perspective, we suggest the use of broadband Q-switched pulses and performing ultrafast intensity correlation with a nonlinear crystal. The global performance of our proposal is illustrated by means of numerical simulation

Born to Be a Risky Driver? The Relationship Between Cloninger’s Temperament and Character Traits and Risky Driving

Copyright © 2022 Lajunen and Gaygısız.Temperament refers to basic, largely inherited, relatively stable personality traits which have been present since early childhood. Considering the very fundamental role of temperament in human development and behaviour, it is reasonable to assume that temperament is also related to risky driving and drivers’ view of themselves as drivers. The aim of the present study was to investigate the relationships between Cloninger’s temperament dimensions, risky driving and drivers’ view of their perceptual motor and safety skills. The sample consisted of 335 Turkish drivers (aged 19–57; 53.7% men) who completed an Internet-based survey including Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI), Driver Behaviour Questionnaire (DBQ) and Driver Skill Inventory (DSI). Correlation analyses showed that TCI scale Cooperativeness correlated negatively with all DBQ scales indicating risky driving and positively with safety skills. In regression analyses after controlling age, gender and lifetime mileage, cooperativeness still was significantly related to all DBQ scales and safety skills. Persistence correlated negatively with ordinary violations, lapses and errors and positively with perceptual motor skills. In regression analyses, persistence was related to errors and lapses. Reward dependence was positively related to lapses and harm avoidance negatively to perceptual motor skills. The results of the present study indicate that largely innate temperament character traits may influence an individual’s predisposition to risky driving. Future studies about temperament and risky driving with larger samples allowing sub-group analyses are needed

Socio-cultural Correlates of the COVID-19 Outcomes

While basically all countries have been hit by the COVID-19 pandemic, the impact has varied in large degrees among countries. In the present study, national differences in six COVID-19 indicators (COVID-19 deaths per capita, excess mortality, change in GDP per capita, vaccination rate, stringency index, and overall impact of the pandemic) were studied in relation to socio-economic and Hofstede's cultural dimensions by using the latest data available. The results differed to some degree from the studies conducted in the earlier stage of the pandemic. COVID-19 deaths per capita were predicted by Uncertainty Avoidance (UA) and Indulgence (IVR); excess mortality by UA; the impact of pandemics by Power Distance (PDI), Long-term Orientation (LTOWS) and IVR; change in GDP per capita by PDI; vaccination rate by Individualism and UA; and Stringency Index by LTOWS. In addition to further clarifying the role of cultural dimensions in the pandemic, three conclusions can be drawn. First, the pandemic reached different countries at different times, which is reflected in the results. The conclusion about the role of socio-economic and cultural factors can be drawn only after the pandemic. Second, cultural dimensions were related to COVID-19 measures only when socio-economic indicators were not considered but lost their significance when socio-economic variables were entered into the models. Cultural dimensions influence the outcome variables via socio-economic factors. Third, earlier studies have focused mainly on COVID-19 deaths. The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic is a complex phenomenon and cannot be reduced to the death rate