Stability of spontaneous quantum Hall state in the Triangular Kondo-lattice model

We study the behavior of the quarter-filled Kondo lattice model on a triangular lattice by combining a zero-temperature variational approach and finite-temperature Monte-Carlo simulations. For intermediate coupling between itinerant electrons and classical moments ${\bf S}_j$, we find a thermodynamic phase transition into an exotic spin ordering with uniform scalar spin chirality and $=0$. The state exhibits spontaneous quantum Hall effect. We also study how its properties are affected by application of an external magnetic field

Teamwork in genetic programming

This thesis attempts to solve food collection problems using genetic programming. The genetic program will evolve programs that mimic the way ants can collect food and bring it back to a nest. There are two special factors in this genetic program that make the ants work together in order to solve the problem, as opposed to each ant acting on its own. First, there will be a stream in the environment that the ants must cross to get to the food. Although all ants have the same program, some must move into the water and die, building a bridge for the other ants to cross. The surviving ants must realize that a bridge has already been built that they can use, instead of killing themselves by building another bridge. Second, the food will be too heavy for one ant to lift alone. The ants must find the food, and call to other ants for help. If all of the ants are at food waiting for help, some, but not all, of the ants must realize that they are in a deadlock situation, and leave their food to help other ants. Both of these problems require the ants to use teamwork to solve the problem. The ants must realize what other ants are doing, without direct communication or a state machine within the ants

Microstructural and high-temperature impedance spectroscopy study of Ba6MNb9O30 (M=Ga, Sc, In) relaxor dielectric ceramics with tetragonal tungsten bronze structure

The authors would like to thank to the following funding organisations: the Royal Society for providing a research fellowship (F.D.M.), EPSRC for providing the PhD student grant (A.R.) and Roberto Rocca Education Program for providing an additional fellowship (A.R.).This work reports on the microstructural and high-temperature impedance spectroscopy study of a family of dielectric ceramics Ba6MNb9O30 (M=Ga, Sc, In) of tetragonal tungsten bronze (TTB) structure with relaxor properties. For Ba6GaNb9O30 and Ba6InNb9O30 pellets, the SEM images have revealed good, dense internal microstructures, with well-bonded grains and only discrete porosity; in contrast Ba6ScNb9O30 pellets had a poorer microstructure, with many small and poorly-bonded grains gathered in agglomerates, resulting in significant continuous porosity and poorly defined grain boundary regions. The electroactive regions were characterised by the bulk and grain boundaries capacitances and resistances, while their contribution to the electrical conduction process was estimated by determining activation energies from the temperature (Arrhenius) dependence of both electric conductivities and time constants. For Ga and In analogues the electronic conductivity are dominated by the bulk response, while for Sc analogue, the poorly defined grain boundaries give a bulk-like response, mixing with the main bulk contribution.PostprintPeer reviewe

PENGARUH EKSTRAK ETANOL 70% BAWANG PUTIH (Aliium Sativum L.) TERHADAP PENURUNAN KADAR KOLESTEROL PADA TIKUS PUTIH (Rattus norvegitus)

Bawang putih (Allium sativum L) telah lama dikenal memiliki banyak efek positif bagi tubuh manusia diantaranya adalah sebagai anti oksidan, antibakteri, antikarsinogenik, mengurangi agregasi platelet dan antiperlipidemia. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui ekstrak etanol 70%. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L)terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol pada serum darah tikus putih dibandingkan dengan simvastatin. Penelitian ini bersifast eksperimental laboratorium heawan uji yang digunakan adalah 25 ekor tikus galur wistar jantan berumur 2-3 bulan dengan berat badan 150-250 g yang dibagi menjadi 5 kelompok, yaitu kelompok kontrol positif di beri diet berkolesterol tinggi dan minuman propil tiourasil 0.01% ditambah aquades. Kontrol positif diberi diet berkolesterol tinggi dan minuman propil tiourasil 0,01% ditambah preparat simvastasin 0,72 mg/hari, kelompok ekstrak dosis 1 diberikan makanan berkolesterol tinggi dan minuman propil tiourasil 0,01% ditambah ekstrak etanol 70% bawang putih 200 mg/kgBB, Ekstrak dosis 2 diberikan makanan makanan berkolesterol tinggi dan minuman propil tiourasil 0,01% ditambah ekstrak etanol 70% bawang putih 400 mg/kgBB. Ekstrak dosis 3 diberikan makanan makanan berkolesterol tinggi dan minuman propil tiourasil 0,01% ditambah ekstrak etanol 70% bawang putih 800 mg/kgBB. Dilaksanakan sampai minggu ke 6 dimana pengukuran kadar kolesterol pada serum darah tikus putih dilakukan 1 kali setiap minggunya. Pengukuran kadar kolesterol dilakukan dengan menggunakan spektrofotometer. data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan ji statistik Kolgomorof-sminov. One way Anova dan dilakukan dengan uji satatistik LSD( Least Significant Different) dengan taraf kepercayaan 95%. Hasilji statistik dari penelitian menunjukkan bahwa ekstrak etanol 70% bawang putih (Allium sativum L) dosis 200 mg/kgBB, 400 mg/kgBB, 800 mg/kgBB mempunyai efek terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol pada serum darah tikus putih. ekstrak etanol 70%. Bawang putih (Allium sativum L) dosis 400mg/kgBB sebanding dengan simvastatin dosis 0,72mg/hari terhadap penurunan kadar kolesterol pada serum darah tikus putih

Emergency Medicine Residency Applicants’ Perceptions about Being Contacted after Interview Day

Objective: We sought to characterize the experiences and preferences of applicants to emergency medicine (EM) residency programs about being contacted by programs after their interview day but before the rank list submission deadline.Methods: This cross-sectional study surveyed all applicants to an academic EM residency during the 2006-2007 interview cycle. Participation was anonymous and voluntary. We used a Web-based survey software program to administer the survey in February 2007, after rank lists were submitted. Two additional invitations to participate were sent over the next month. The instrument contained multiple-choice and free-text items. This study was submitted to our Institutional Review Board and was exempt from formal review.Results: 240/706 (34%) of applicants completed the survey. 89% (214/240) of respondents reported being contacted by a residency program after their interview but before rank lists were due. Of those contacted, 91% report being contacted by e-mail; 67% by mail; and 55% by phone. 51% of subjects reported that being contacted changed the order of their rank list in at least one case. A majority of contacted applicants felt “happy” (58%) or “excited” (56%) about being contacted, but significant numbers reported feeling “put on the spot” (21%) or “uncomfortable” (17%). A majority felt that it is appropriate for programs to contact applicants after interview day but before the rank lists are submitted, but 39% of contacted subjects responded that contact by phone is either “always inappropriate” or “usually inappropriate.” Regarding perceptions regarding the rules of the match, 80% (165/206) of respondents felt it was appropriate to tell programs where they would be ranked, and 41% (85/206) felt it was appropriate for programs to notify applicants of their place on the program’s rank list.Conclusion: Most EM residency applicants report being contacted by programs after the interview day but before rank lists are submitted. Although applicants feel this practice is appropriate in general, over a third of subjects feel that contact by phone is inappropriate. These findings suggest that residency programs can expect a majority of their applicants to be contacted after an interview at another program, and shed light on how applicants perceive this practice. [West J Emerg Med. 2010; 11(5):474-478.

PATH ANALYSIS PENGARUH VARIABEL PELEPAH ABACA TERHADAP PRODUKSI SERAT BAHAN BAKU KERTAS (Studi Kasus: PT. Kertas Leces (Persero) Probolinggo)

Abstrak PT Kertas Leces merupakan salah satu perusahaan manufaktur yang bergerak dalam bidang produksi pulp dan kertas yang mengalami kerugian 2004. Pada tahun 2013 PT. Kertas Leces (Persero) mulai melakukan perencanaan ke arah bisnis baru dengan memanfaatkan serat pisang abaca. Pada awal tahap perencanaan PT. Kertas Leces belum mengetahui variabel yang mempengaruhi jumlah serat dari pelepah abaca. Variabel independen dalam penelitian ini adalah tinggi, lebar, dan tebal, sedangkan variabel dependen adalah massa pelepah dan massa serat. Pada penelitian menggunakan metode Path Analysis dengan mengusulkan diagram jalur keseluruhan yang dibagi menjadi dua sub struktural. Berdasarkan pengujian sub-struktur 1 dinyatakan bahwa ketiga variabel independen berpengaruh langsung terhadap massa pelepah (Y). Pada pengujian sub-stuktur 2 didapatkan variabel tinggi pelepah (X1) dan massa pelepah (Y) berpengaruh terhadap massa serat (Z). Persamaan struktural tersebut bermanfaat bagi perusahaan untuk mengestimasi massa serat yang dihasilkan sebelum proses penyeratan atau decorticating selesai, sehingga perusahaan dapat mengetahui jumlah pelepah yang cukup untuk memenuhi kebutuhan serat. Kata kunci: Path Analysis, Abaca, Persamaan Struktural, Estimasi Mass

Past-Oriented v. Future-Oriented Reappraisal for Thermal Pain Modulation

Cognitive reappraisal is considered an effective emotion regulation technique for reducing pain. Current categorizations of cognitive reappraisal are generally divided into self-focused versus situation-focused. Recent research, however, suggests a novel approach to categorizing reappraisal: past-oriented versus future-oriented (Vlasenko, 2021). In the current work, I provide an overview of existing knowledge about cognitive reappraisal in the context of pain and conduct a study to examine the possible temporal aspects of reappraisal for thermal pain modulation. Based on previous findings that anticipation is more evocative than retrospection (Van Boven & Ashworth, 2007), I hypothesized that future-oriented reappraisal would have a greater impact on self-reported pain ratings during painful heat stimulation. The results, however, demonstrated that there was no significant difference between pain ratings of past-oriented and future-oriented reappraisal conditions. These unexpected findings suggest that temporal aspects of cognitive reappraisal may not play a role in regulating emotions during acute thermal pain stimulation. Alternatively, these results might be attributed to limitations in the experimental design. Future research should consider the vividness and emotional valence of the past memories and future imagined events, as well as the participants’ familiarity with the type of pain elicited by the stimulus and their anxiety levels surrounding the anticipation of pain