Montage braucht Erfahrung: Erfahrungsbasierte Wissensarbeit in der Montage

Hat Montage in Deutschland noch Perspektive, wenn betriebliche Layouts und Abläufe weltweit exportiert werden? Gibt es besondere Bedingungen für flexible Montagen, die Deutschland als Montagestandort attraktiv machen? Was sind es für Kernkompetenzen, die sich Standardisierung und Tätigkeitsbeschreibungen entziehen und - trotz globaler Ausrichtung - eine Montage im Inland erfolgreich machen? Die Beiträge dieses Bandes geben einen Einblick in die konkrete Bedeutung des Erfahrungswissens der Beschäftigten für moderne Montagearbeitsplätze. Sie zeigen, warum Montagearbeit auch Wissensarbeit ist, warum diese sich einer einfachen Messung und (entgeltpolitischen) Bewertung entzieht, warum die Nutzung und Entwicklung eng mit einer erfahrungsförderlichen Arbeitsgestaltung verbunden ist und warum für eine betriebliche Qualifizierung vor dem Hintergrund Ganzheitlicher Produktionskonzepte die Vermittlung von Erfahrungswissen wichtig ist. Darüber hinaus leistet der Band einen Beitrag zu den laufenden Debatten um neue Produktionskonzepte, um die Zukunft von Produktionstätigkeiten am Standort Deutschland, um die Verkürzung von Taktzeiten und um die Auswirkungen auf Berufsbildung und Arbeitspolitik

The role of a circumferential septal fiberotomy (CSF) in enhancing orthodontic stability- a randomized controlled clinical trial

Neðst á síðunni er hægt að nálgast greinina í heild sinni með því að smella á hlekkinn View/OpenInngangur: Mælt hefur verið með að gera fiberotomiu eftir tannréttingameðferð til að auka stöðugleika. Sú kenning var prófuð í þessari rannsókn. Efni og aðferðir: Níu einstaklingar sem voru að ljúka tannréttingameðferð voru valdir til að taka þátt. Neðri boginn var fjarlægður úr sporum, fiberotomia var framkvæmd í annarri hlið frá augntönn til miðframtannar en hin hliðin þjónaði hlutverki viðmiðunarhóps. Í byrjun og á 4 vikna fresti í allt að 6 mánuði voru tekin mát og ljósmyndir. Irregularity Index Little var notaður til að mæla þrengsli á módelum, en ljósmyndir af módelum voru skannaðar inn og tölvuforrit greindi allar breytingar sem urðu á tönnum á tímabilinu. Hliðrunarhreyfingar sem og snúningshreyfingar sem og breytingar á tannholdsindexum voru skráðar. Hvorug mælingaraðferðin sýndi marktækan mun á stöðugleika í þeirri hlið sem var skorin miðað við viðmiðunarhóp. Tannhold skaðaðist ekki við fiberotomiuna. Niðurstöður: Þar sem fiberotomia virðist ekki auka stöðugleika tanna eftir tannréttingameðferð, er ekki hægt að mæla með aðferðinni.Introduction: Circumferential septal fiberotomy (CSF) following orthodontic treatment has been propagated to improve stability and prevent relapse of tooth alignment. The hypothesis of no difference of performed CSF and controls was tested. Material and Methods: In 9 consecutively admitted patients at the end of orthodontic tooth alignment the lower archwire was removed. CSF was performed from canine to the central incisor on a randomly chosen side, while the contralateral side served as unsurgerized control. At baseline and every 4 weeks up to 6 months, study casts were taken and 1) analyzed using the Irregularity Index of Little and 2) photographed, traced and superimposed digitally. The translational and rotational movements of teeth as well as gingival parameters were analyzed as well. By using the II and by superimposing the tracings, no statistically significant differences were found between test (CSF) and control sides for any parameters. Moreover, CSF did not impinge on the gingival tissues. Conclusion: Since CSF did not improve stability of orthodontically aligned teeth nor prevent relapse during the healing phase of up to 6 months, CSF should not be recommended following orthodontic therapy. Key words: Fiberotomy, orthodontic treatment, stability, rotational relapse, gingival recession

As-vacancies, local moments, and Pauli limiting in LaO_0.9F_0.1FeAs_(1-delta) superconductors

We report magnetization measurements of As-deficient LaO_0.9F_0.1FeAs_1-delta (delta about 0.06) samples with improved superconducting properties as compared with As-stoichiometric optimally doped La-1111 samples. In this As-deficient system with almost homogeneously distributed As-vacancies (AV), as suggested by the (75)As-nuclear quadrupole resonance (NQR) measurements,we observe a strong enhancement of the spin-susceptibility by a factor of 3-7. This observation is attributed to the presence of an electronically localized state around each AV, carrying a magnetic moment of about 3.2 mu_Bohr per AV or 0.8 mu_Bohr/Fe atom. From theoretical considerations we find that the formation of a local moment on neighboring iron sites of an AV sets in when the local Coulomb interaction exceeds a critical value of about 1.0 eV in the dilute limit. Its estimated value amounts to ~ 2.5 eV and implies an upper bound of ~ 2 eV for the Coulomb repulsion at Fe sites beyond the first neighbor-shell of an AV. Electronic correlations are thus moderate/weak in doped La-1111. The strongly enhanced spin susceptibility is responsible for the Pauli limiting behavior of the superconductivity that we observe in As-deficient LaO_0.9F_0.1FeAs_1-delta. In contrast, no Pauli limiting behavior is found for the optimally doped, As-stoichiometric LaO_0.9F_0.1FeAs superconductor in accord with its low spin susceptibility.Comment: 11 pages, 9 figure

Studies of final states in small x deep inelastic scattering

We investigate the possibility of identifying In(l/x) dynamics from studies of the final state in electron - proton deep inelastic scattering (DIS) in the small x region of the HERA collider at DESY. Motivated by recent observations at HERA we consider again the measurement of DIS events containing an identified forward jet as proposed by Mueller. We find that the shape of the x distribution of the data is described well by a prediction based on In(l/x) dynamics. Since forward jets are difficult to identify and measure accurately in the experiments we suggest the study of deep inelastic events containing an energetic isolated photon. We quantify the enhancement arising from the leading In(l/x) gluon emissions with a view to using such events to identify the underlying dynamics in the small x regime at HERA. To overcome the small event rate of jet + γ we propose that the forward jet may alternatively be identified through a single energetic decay product, the π . We investigate the feasibility of utilizing these deep inelastic + forward π events as an indicator of the small x dynamics. Motivated by this study the HI collaboration recently performed a DIS + π measurement. Therefore we update our BFKL prediction imposing the HI cuts in the calculation. We fix the normalisation by comparing with HERA data for DIS + jet. Finally we study the transverse momentum (pr) spectrum of charged particles produced in DIS at small Bjorken x in the central region between the current jet and the proton remnants. Again we normalize the BFKL prediction by comparing with the H1 DIS + jet data. We calculate the spectrum at large pr with the BFKL ln(l/x) resummation included and then repeat the calculation with it omitted. We find that data favour the former

Species and genotype diversity of Plasmodium in malaria patients from Gabon analysed by next generation sequencing

Background Six Plasmodium species are known to naturally infect humans. Mixed species infections occur regularly but morphological discrimination by microscopy is difficult and multiplicity of infection (MOI) can only be evaluated by molecular methods. This study investigated the complexity of Plasmodium infections in patients treated for microscopically detected non- falciparum or mixed species malaria in Gabon. Methods Ultra-deep sequencing of nucleus (18S rRNA), mitochondrion, and apicoplast encoded genes was used to evaluate Plasmodium species diversity and MOI in 46 symptomatic Gabonese patients with microscopically diagnosed non-falciparum or mixed species malaria. Results Deep sequencing revealed a large complexity of coinfections in patients with uncomplicated malaria, both on species and genotype levels. Mixed infections involved up to four parasite species (Plasmodium falciparum, Plasmodium malariae, Plasmodium ovale curtisi, and P. ovale wallikeri). Multiple genotypes from each species were determined from the asexual 18S rRNA gene. 17 of 46 samples (37%) harboured multiple genotypes of at least one Plasmodium species. The number of genotypes per sample (MOI) was highest in P. malariae (n = 4), followed by P. ovale curtisi (n = 3), P. ovale wallikeri (n = 3), and P. falciparum (n = 2). The highest combined genotype complexity in samples that contained mixed-species infections was seven. Conclusions Ultra- deep sequencing showed an unexpected breadth of Plasmodium species and within species diversity in clinical samples. MOI of P. ovale curtisi, P. ovale wallikeri and P. malariae infections were higher than anticipated and contribute significantly to the burden of malaria in Gabon

Incorporating translation into sociolinguistic research: translation policy in an international non-governmental organisation

This article explores aspects of translation, multilingualism and language policy in the field of transnational civil society. By focusing on translation policies at Amnesty International, an international non-governmental organisation that performs a key role in global governance, this article seeks to contribute to a globalisation-sensitive sociolinguistics. It argues that combining a sociolinguistic approach, more precisely linguistic ethnography, with translation studies leads to an increased understanding of the language practices under study. Furthermore, the article calls for more interdisciplinary research, stating that there is a space for sociolinguistics and translation studies to contribute to research in international relations and development studies by highlighting the role of multilingualism and challenging the traditionally powerful position of English in transnational civil society