The Trinitarian Theology of Irenaeus of Lyons

This dissertation is a study of the Trinitarian theology of Irenaeus of Lyons. With the exception of two recent studies, Irenaeus\u27 Trinitarian theology, particularly in its immanent manifestation, has been devalued by scholarship due to his early dates and his stated purpose of avoiding speculative theology. In contrast to this majority opinion, I argue that Irenaeus\u27 works show a mature understanding of the Trinity, in both its immanent and economic manifestations, which is occasioned by Valentinianism. Moreover, his Trinitarian theology represents a significant advancement upon that of his sources, the so- called apologists, whose understanding of the divine nature converges in many respects with Valentinian theology. I display this advancement by comparing the thought of Irenaeus with that of Justin, Athenagoras, and Theophilus, on Trinitarian themes. Irenaeus develops Trinitarian theology in the following ways. First, he defines God\u27s nature as spirit, thus maintaining the divine transcendence through God\u27s higher order of being as opposed to the use of spatial imagery (God is separated/far away from creation). This definition allows him to speak of God\u27s work in the world apart from the use of semi-divine agents. Second, Irenaeus removes spatial language and a time element from the concept of divine generation. Thus, although both Logos/Son and Sophia/Spirit are generated from God/Father, they eternally exist with God and in God. Because they come from God, they are divine to the same degree as God, existing in an eternal, mutually interpenetrating relationship, which results in one, simple divine nature. Finally, Irenaeus distinguishes the three entities in their eternal unity through attributing to them different functions in the economy. God/Father is the source of the creative and redemptive work, while Logos/Son and Sophia/Spirit enact the work. However, the logic of Irenaeus\u27 argument demands that the same quality of divinity be shared among all three figures. Their equal divinity provides the Son and the Spirit the power to enact the will of the Father in the economy. The result is a developed Trinitarian theology that posits three distinct entities named Father, Son, and Spirit, eternally united through one divine and spiritual nature

Use of Shuttle Orbiter aerodynamic data to validate accomodation coefficient models

Knowledge of the free-molecule flow regime is important in order to determine precise satellite orbits and to find the bridging function between continuum flow and free-molecule flow for use in the development of single-stage-to-orbit vehicles. For this thesis, two variable accommodation coefficient models were integrated into the computer program used to calculate the aerodynamic forces present on a body, and the results were compared with measured values from the Space Shuttle Orbiter. It was concluded that although the diffuse method under-predicts the aerodynamic lift present on the Orbiter in low-earth orbit, the variable accommodation coefficient models vastly over-predict the amount of lift present. This difference is attributed to the fact that the tiles on the Orbiter are non-engineering surfaces. Also, unlike predictions using the variable models, lift-to-drag ratio predictions using the diffuse model were very sensitive to wall temperature and atmospheric temperature and composition. It is recommended that experiments be performed in orbit, coupled with direct measurements of atmospheric conditions, to produce real data that could be used to improve the mathematical models

An investigation of active and selective oxygen in vanadium phosphorus oxide catalysts for n-butane conversion to maleic anhydride

The role of lattice oxygens in two model catalysts, [beta]-VOPO[subscript]4 and (VO)[subscript]2P[subscript]2O[subscript]7, was investigated for the selective and nonselective oxidation of C[subscript]4 hydrocarbons to maleic anhydride and combustion products. Specific catalytic oxygen sites in each model catalyst were labeled with specific amounts of [superscript]18O. Labeled sites were identified by laser Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. The level of [superscript]18O enrichment in each site was estimated from the laser Raman spectra and the stoichiometry of reactions involved in the synthesis of the labeled catalysts. Products of the anaerobic C[subscript]4 hydrocarbon oxidation and, in the case of (VO)[subscript]2P[subscript]2O[subscript]7, alternating pulses of oxygen with pulses of hydrocarbon, over labeled catalysts were monitored by quadrupole mass spectrometry. These studies reveal that, on both catalysts, more than one path to CO[subscript]2 exists involving lattice oxygens. The consecutive combustion of maleic anhydride involves mainly V=O oxygen, while all other oxygen sites are utilized to form small amounts of CO[subscript]2. In both catalyst systems, P-O-V sites are the source for selective oxygens. Additionally, specific selective oxygen sites could be related to mechanistic steps in the conversion of n-butane to maleic anhydride for both model catalysts. The results of this work indicate that the initial selective interaction of n-butane with the surface of the catalyst results in an intermediate which is very different than that of the other C[subscript]4\u27s studied, and that this strongly adsorbed intermediate is constrained to react with specific P-O sites. Additional evidence suggests that [beta]-VOPO[subscript]4 is not the V(V) species formed in the oxidation-reduction couple on the surface of (VO)[subscript]2P[subscript]2O[subscript]7

Modern Pedagogy for the Young Beginner: An Analysis of Selected Piano Methods

The project presents an analysis of three early childhood methods designed to teach piano to young (four- to six-year-old) beginners. The methods reviewed were Faber’s popular My First Piano Adventure book, Inner Musician’s online Play-a-Story curriculum, and Katherine Fisher & Julie Knerr Hague’s creative Piano Safari Friends. Each method is relatively modern (published since 2004) and aims to provide a strong foundation for students to grow as musicians, however, they differ greatly in their approaches. This study collected and analyzed quantitative and qualitative data to determine strengths and weaknesses of each method. Quantitative data measured the frequency of different elements throughout the curriculums, such as rote playing, playful movement, and aural skills. This data is analyzed both in context of the individual method and in comparison with the other methods studied. Qualitative data assessed the utilization of technology, the pedagogical emphases of each method, how the teacher-student relationship was encouraged, and other factors. Each method’s unique approach offers benefits that ought to be assessed when selecting a method. This review can assist piano teachers in choosing the best method for their teaching style and their young beginner students

National and State Economic Impact of NETL

This report documents the development of state-level input-output models for Pennsylvania, West Virginia, and Oregon and the augmentation of the national input-output model that was developed previously for the project Valuing Domestically Produced Natural Gas and Oil . The state IO models were developed to assess the FY08 economic impacts of expenditures, employment, and research and development awards at the NETL sites located in Pittsburgh, PA; Morgantown, WV; and Albany, OR. The national IO model was developed to assess the FY08 economic impacts of NETL site expenditures, awards, and employment at the national level

A Project Plan for the Implementation of an Advance Meal System in a Multi-Site Hospital

This plan outlines the items and procedures necessary for the successful implementation of an advance meal system for Mercy Hospital's Truxton [sic] Campus and for the Southwest Campus which is expected to open in May 1992. This plan will guide the Food and Nutrition Department through the steps necessary for a successful implementation. The plan outlines the selection process, and develops the implementation process for the first phase at the Truxton Campus and for the second phase at the Southwest. It is recommended that the Food and Nutrition Department at Mercy Hospital use this plan as outlined to help in a successful implementation of their advance meal system. It will help them meet their goals of increased patient satisfaction, meet the needs of the Southwest Campus, and serve them well as they seek to meet the challenges of the future

Membership Transfer Records

Membership Transfer Reques