Exploring palatal dimensions in a sample of kurdish edentulous population: influence of age, gender and duration of edentulism

Background: Complete denture construction requires accurate measurements of the edentulous palate to ensure optimal fit and function. This study aimed to evaluate palatal dimensions in a sample of Kurdish edentulous population and determine the effects of age, gender and duration of edentulism on these measurements. Materials and Methods: Maxillary stone models were obtained from 51 edentulous participants, comprising 26 women and 25 men aged 40–75 years. Palatal linear measurements, including length, width and height, along with ratios involving palatal, rugae, and incisive papilla area size, were evaluated and correlated with age, sex and the edentulous duration. Digital caliber and ImageJ software were employed for accurate linear measurements and size evaluations. Results: A significant sex-related impact was found on the palatal size in middle palate width and posterior height, with men exhibiting higher values than women (45.29 and 12.47 mm vs. 43.2 and 10.78 mm). Palatal ratios remained consistent across both sexes. Notably, an increase in palatal height was observed with longer durations of edentulism (H1–H3 increased from 6.68, 10.42 and 10.07 mm, respectively, to 8.30, 12.72 and 12.87 mm, respectively). Conclusions: Men demonstrated significantly higher values in middle palatal width, posterior height and palate area size than women. This study underscores the influence of age and edentulous duration on palatal dimensions, providing valuable data to guide clinicians in their dental rehabilitation planning. Palatal height indices were identified as a valuable tool for exploring denture construction

ARGENTINA’S TRADE POTENTIAL WITH BRICS: THE GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

El estudio investiga el comercio potencial de Argentina con los BRICS aplicando el enfoque del modelo de gravedad. La estimación se realiza en un conjunto de panel de datos que contiene información sobre los países BRICS desde 2009 a 2022. Los hallazgos empíricos revelan que el comercio bilateral total de Argentina con los países BRICS se ve positivamente influenciado por el PIB, la población, el índice de apertura y la IED. Por otro lado, la distancia y la tasa de cambio bilateral real muestran una influencia negativa en el flujo comercial bilateral total de Argentina con los BRICS. Además, se analiza el efecto del Covid-19, mostrando una relación negativa y significativa. Basándose en estos hallazgos, el análisis empírico muestra que en general existe un comercio potencial entre Argentina y los países BRICS. Esta investigación recomienda al gobierno argentino que fomente el comercio y la producción dentro de los países BRICS, especialmente con Sudáfrica, China y Brasil debido a su mayor comercio potencial

Cloud-based mathematical models for self-organizing swarms of UAVs : design and analysis

Unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) swarms have gained significant attention for their potential applications in various fields. The effective coordination and control of UAV swarms require the development of robust mathematical models that can capture their complex dynamics. The paper introduces mathematical models and relevant paradigms based on the design and analysis of self-organizing swarms of UAVs. The logical and technological construction of the model relies on the theorems developed by authors for obtaining full information exchange during the swarm quasi-random walk. The suggested rotor-router model interprets the discrete-time walk accompanied by the deterministic evolution of configurations of rotors randomly placed on the vertices of the swarm graph. The recommended optimal and fault-tolerant gossip/broadcast schemes support the resilience of swarm to internal failures and external attacks, and cryptographic protocols approve the security. The proposed cloud network topology serves as the implementation framework for the model, encompassing various connectivity options to ensure the expected behavior of the UAV swarms.Peer reviewe

Disturbances in lipid second messengers generation by stimulated blood lymphocytes in breast cancer

Aim. The main objective of thisstudy wasthe comparative investigation of diverse lipid second messenger(LSM) generation by human peripheral blood lymphocytes (HPBL) at different (5, 10, 30 and 60 s) time points of cell co-stimulation by anti-CD3 and anti-CD28 monoclonal antibodies in norm and breast cancer (BC). Methods. Ficoll-Hypaque gradient centrifugation. Results. The data obtained indicate that some mechanisms of LSM generation/utilization in stimulated crude HPBL were significantly altered in BC compared to norm. Particularly, the reliable generation of arachidonyl-1,2-diacylglycerol (1,2-DAG) at the initial step (5 s) of cell stimulation observed in norm was depressed in BC and reached the value below the basal level in unstimulated cells. It is important that the disturbances in 1,2-DAG formation in HPBL obtained from patients with BC were identical with those observed earlier in other forms of cancer. Conclusions. We conclude that the regularities revealed are common characteristics for all the types of malignancy studied and can be used as additional testing parameters for cancer definition and individual correction of the chemotherapy programs for disease treatment. Keywords: blood lymphocytes, lipid second messengers, breast cancer.Мета. Основна мета даного дослідження полягала у порівняльному аналізі процесів генерації різних ліпідних вторинних посередників (ЛВП) у загальній масі лімфоцитів периферичної крові людини (ЛПКЛ) на різних етапах (5, 10, 30 и 60 с) костимуляції клітин анти-CD3 і анти-CD28 моноклональними антитілами за норми і при раку молочної залози (РМЗ). Методи. Ficoll-Hypaque градієнтне центрифугування. Результати. Отримані дані свідчать про наявність значних порушень у механізмах утворення/ утилізації ЛВП у стимульованих ЛПКЛ при РМЗ порівняно з нормою. Зокрема, достовірна генерація арахідоніл-1,2-діацил-гліцерину (1,2-ДАГ), що спостерігається за норми, на початковому етапі (5 с) костимуляції клітин виявилася пригніченою при РМЗ та нижчою за контрольний рівень у нестимульованих клітинах. Треба відмітити, що порушення в утворенні 1,2- ДАГ ЛПКЛ, одержаних від пацієнтів з РМЗ, були ідентичними з виявленими нами раніше при інших формах ракових новоутворень. Висновки. Таким чином, можна зробити висновок, що знайдені закономірності є загальними характеристиками для всіх типів вивчених нами злоякісних пухлин і можуть бути використані як додаткові тест-параметри для виявлення раку та індивідуальної корекції курсу хіміотерапії при лікуванні захворювання. Ключові слова: лімфоцити крові, ліпідні вторинні посередники, рак молочної залози.Цель. Основной целью данного исследования был сравнительный анализ процессов генерации различных липидных вторичных посредников (ЛВП) в общей массе лимфоцитов периферической крови человека (ЛПКЧ) на различных этапах (5, 10, 30 и 60 с) костимуляции клеток анти-CD3 и анти-CD28 моноклональными антителами в норме и при раке молочной железы (РМЖ). Методы. Ficoll-Hypaque градиентное центрифугирование. Результаты. Полученные данные свидетельствуют о наличии значительных нарушений в механизмах образования/утилизации ЛВП в стимулированных ЛПКЧ при РМЖ по сравнению с нормой. В частности, наблюдаемая в норме достоверная генерация арахидонил-1,2- диацилглицерина (1,2-ДАГ) на начальном этапе (5 с) костимуляции клеток была подавленной при РМЖ и находилась ниже контрольного уровня в нестимулированных клетках. Примечательно, что нарушения в образовании 1,2-ДАГ ЛПКЧ, полученных от пациентов с РМЖ, были идентичны с ранее выявленными нами при других формах раковых новообразований. Выводы. Таким образом, можно заключить, что обнаруженные закономерности являются общими характеристиками для всех типов изученных нами злокачественных опухолей и могут быть использованы в качестве дополнительных тест-параметров для выявления рака и индивидуальной коррекции курса химиотерапии при лечении заболевания. Ключевые слова: лимфоциты крови, липидные вторичные посредники, рак молочной железы

Somatic evolution and global expansion of an ancient transmissible cancer lineage

The canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT) is a cancer lineage that arose several millennia ago and survives by ‘metastasising’ between hosts via cell transfer. The somatic mutations in this cancer record its phylogeography and evolutionary history. We constructed a time-resolved phylogeny from 546 CTVT exomes and describe the lineage’s worldwide expansion. Examining variation in mutational exposure, we identify a highly context-specific mutational process that operated early but subsequently vanished, correlate ultraviolet-light mutagenesis with tumour latitude, and describe tumours with heritable hyperactivity of an endogenous mutational process. CTVT displays little evidence of ongoing positive selection, and negative selection is detectable only in essential genes. We illustrate how long-lived clonal organisms capture changing mutagenic environments, and reveal that neutral drift is the dominant feature of long-term cancer evolution

Recurrent horizontal transfer identifies mitochondrial positive selection in a transmissible cancer.

Autonomous replication and segregation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) creates the potential for evolutionary conflict driven by emergence of haplotypes under positive selection for 'selfish' traits, such as replicative advantage. However, few cases of this phenomenon arising within natural populations have been described. Here, we survey the frequency of mtDNA horizontal transfer within the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), a contagious cancer clone that occasionally acquires mtDNA from its hosts. Remarkably, one canine mtDNA haplotype, A1d1a, has repeatedly and recently colonised CTVT cells, recurrently replacing incumbent CTVT haplotypes. An A1d1a control region polymorphism predicted to influence transcription is fixed in the products of an A1d1a recombination event and occurs somatically on other CTVT mtDNA backgrounds. We present a model whereby 'selfish' positive selection acting on a regulatory variant drives repeated fixation of A1d1a within CTVT cells.fals

Recurrent horizontal transfer identifies mitochondrial positive selection in a transmissible cancer

Abstract: Autonomous replication and segregation of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) creates the potential for evolutionary conflict driven by emergence of haplotypes under positive selection for ‘selfish’ traits, such as replicative advantage. However, few cases of this phenomenon arising within natural populations have been described. Here, we survey the frequency of mtDNA horizontal transfer within the canine transmissible venereal tumour (CTVT), a contagious cancer clone that occasionally acquires mtDNA from its hosts. Remarkably, one canine mtDNA haplotype, A1d1a, has repeatedly and recently colonised CTVT cells, recurrently replacing incumbent CTVT haplotypes. An A1d1a control region polymorphism predicted to influence transcription is fixed in the products of an A1d1a recombination event and occurs somatically on other CTVT mtDNA backgrounds. We present a model whereby ‘selfish’ positive selection acting on a regulatory variant drives repeated fixation of A1d1a within CTVT cells

Somatic evolution and global expansion of an ancient transmissible cancer lineage

Made available in DSpace on 2019-10-06T15:53:36Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2019-08-02GPD Charitable TrustLeverhulme TrustThe canine transmissible venereal tumor (CTVT) is a cancer lineage that arose several millennia ago and survives by “metastasizing” between hosts through cell transfer. The somatic mutations in this cancer record its phylogeography and evolutionary history. We constructed a time-resolved phylogeny from 546 CTVT exomes and describe the lineage's worldwide expansion. Examining variation in mutational exposure, we identify a highly context-specific mutational process that operated early in the cancer's evolution but subsequently vanished, correlate ultraviolet-light mutagenesis with tumor latitude, and describe tumors with heritable hyperactivity of an endogenous mutational process. CTVT displays little evidence of ongoing positive selection, and negative selection is detectable only in essential genes. We illustrate how long-lived clonal organisms capture changing mutagenic environments, and reveal that neutral genetic drift is the dominant feature of long-term cancer evolution.Transmissible Cancer Group Department of Veterinary Medicine University of CambridgeAnimal Management in Rural and Remote Indigenous Communities (AMRRIC)World VetsAnimal Shelter Stichting Dierenbescherming SurinameSikkim Anti-Rabies and Animal Health Programme Department of Animal Husbandry Livestock Fisheries and Veterinary Services Government of SikkimRoyal (Dick) School of Veterinary Studies Roslin Institute University of Edinburgh Easter Bush CampusConserLab Animal Preventive Medicine Department Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of ChileCorozal Veterinary Hospital University of PanamáSt. George's UniversityNakuru District Veterinary Scheme LtdAnimal Medical CentreInternational Animal Welfare Training Institute UC Davis School of Veterinary MedicineCentro Universitário de Rio Preto (UNIRP)Department of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery São Paulo State University (UNESP)Ladybrand Animal ClinicVeterinary Clinic Sr. Dog'sWorld Vets Latin America Veterinary Training CenterNational Veterinary Research InstituteAnimal ClinicIntermunicipal Stray Animals Care Centre (DIKEPAZ)Animal Protection Society of SamoaFaculty of Veterinary Science University of ZuliaVeterinary Clinic BIOCONTROLFaculty of Veterinary Medicine School of Health Sciences University of ThessalyVeterinary Clinic El Roble Animal Healthcare Network Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of ChileOnevetGroup Hospital Veterinário BernaUniversidade Vila VelhaVeterinary Clinic ZoovetservisÉcole Inter-états des Sciences et Médecine Vétérinaires de DakarDepartment of Small Animal Medicine Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Utrecht UniversityVetexpert Veterinary GroupVeterinary Clinic Lopez QuintanaClinique Veterinaire de Grand Fond Saint Gilles les BainsDepartment of Veterinary Sciences University of MessinaFacultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia Universidad Autónoma del Estado de MéxicoSchool of Veterinary Medicine Universidad de las AméricasCancer Development and Innate Immune Evasion Lab Champalimaud Center for the UnknownTouray and Meyer Vet ClinicHillside Animal HospitalKampala Veterinary SurgeryAsavet Veterinary CharitiesVets Beyond BordersFaculty of Veterinary Medicine Autonomous University of YucatanLaboratorio de Patología Veterinaria Universidad de CaldasInterdisciplinary Centre of Research in Animal Health (CIISA) Faculty of Veterinary Medicine University of LisbonFour Paws InternationalHelp in SufferingVeterinary Clinic Dr José RojasDepartment of Biotechnology Balochistan University of Information Technology Engineering and Management SciencesCorozal Veterinary ClinicVeterinary Clinic VetmasterState Hospital of Veterinary MedicineJomo Kenyatta University of Agriculture and TechnologyLaboratory of Biomedicine and Regenerative Medicine Department of Clinical Sciences Faculty of Animal and Veterinary Sciences University of ChileFaculty of Veterinary and Agricultural Sciences University of MelbourneAnimal Anti Cruelty LeagueClinical Sciences Department Faculty of Veterinary Medicine BucharestDepartment of Pathology Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Ankara UniversityFaculty of Veterinary Sciences National University of AsuncionLilongwe Society for Protection and Care of Animals (LSPCA)Wellcome Sanger InstituteDepartment of Cellular and Molecular Medicine University of California San DiegoDepartment of Clinical and Veterinary Surgery São Paulo State University (UNESP)Leverhulme Trust: 102942/Z/13/

ARGENTINA'S TRADE POTENTIAL WITH BRICS: THE GRAVITY MODEL APPROACH

<p><span><span>The study investigates the trade potentiality of Argentina with BRICS countries applying the gravity model approach. The estimation is performed on a panel data set containing information on BRICS countries through the years 2009 to 2022. Empirical findings expose that Argentina’s total bilateral trade with BRICS countries is positively influenced by GDP, population, openness index and FDI. On the other hand, distance and real bilateral exchange rate show a negative influence on Argentina’s total bilateral trade flow with BRICS. Besides, the effect of Covid-19 is also analysed showing a negative and significant relationship. Based on these findings, the empirical analysis show that overall exist a trade potential between Argentina and BRICS countries. This research recommends that the Argentinian government for enhancing trade and production within the BRICS countries. Especially with South Africa, China, and Brazil due to their higher trade potential.</span></span></p&gt

Evaluation of Dental Students’ Learning Skill Throughout Repeated Practicing in Recording Preliminary Impressions: An Experimental Study

Objective: This study aims to assess whether repeated attempts at taking alginate impressions improve the manual skills of dental students by measuring the error percentage of each preliminary impression and comparing these percentages across multiple trials to evaluate skill progression. Methods: Twenty dental students from the fifth-year stage were selected randomly to participate in the study. Each student took five alginate impressions after receiving a demonstration that included audio and video presentations to reinforce previously acquired knowledge. Error areas were highlighted using a red pen and then identified and quantified using Adobe Photoshop. Error areas have been deliberately identified to calculate the accuracy of each impression. The null hypothesis was that there would be no significant variation in the error percentages of preliminary impressions across the students' trials. Results: The study's results revealed an improvement in the students' manual skills in taking impressions after repeated trials. Even though the fifth trial had the lowest median error percentage, the difference in group means was not statistically significant. Conclusions: Repeated impression-taking improves dental students' manual skills, lowering error percentages in subsequent trials. Furthermore, the use of digital technologies in dental education facilities breaks skill acquisition down into more straightforward steps to detect and correct the errors