A plurality of informational bases of social judgment to assess correctly inequalities in Lifelong Learning practices : the French APL process

Lifelong learning is promoted in a context of predominance of individual responsibility about employability: make people capable of finding a job, keeping it by means updating occupational skills. Nevertheless, to manage to give real individual opportunities of lifelong learning is very complex, asking the question of the "fair" sharing between collective and responsibility. The Accreditation of Prior Experience Process (VAE) is a pertinent illustration. This new right makes people responsible to put work experience to advantage, through getting qualification on the basis of experience. But, to open up a new legal way doesn't make this right a reality. Actually, the VAE itinerary is a complex process without certain outcome. The candidates have to mobilize some resources and factors to progress through the various difficult steps within the VAE path. But candidates are unequal and many disparities seem to exist between candidates' trajectories, depending of different individual, social and environmental opportunities and constraints. From a Capability perspective, we built an original framework to analyse VAE candidates' paths with regard to individual's structures of choice and action. Through confrontation between informational basis of employability and capabilities, the work's originality consists in highlighting existence of different types of individual logics of choice and action. This article is based on an econometric work using a new national sample of 4500 VAE candidates. Firstly, from an informational basis of employability, we measure the gross effect of standard economic factors (individual characteristics and financial resources, individual rights) on the candidates' pathway. Then, we assess the crossed effects between theses factors with conversion factors which have influences to put resources and rights into operation. In it adds a systematically observation of deliberate or suffered nature of choices during the VAE pathway. Candidates have the same right but not the same capability to put it into operation. To assess individual situations, on the hand with the basis informational of employability, and the other hand with the capability perspective, highlights overestimated, underestimated and invisible inequalities. Informational basis of employability is insufficient to assess correctly individual situation within the VAE process

Intervention Policy of the BoJ: A Unified Approach

Intervening in the FX market implies a complex decision process for central banks. Monetary authorities have to decide whether to intervene or not, and if so, when and how. Since the successive steps of this procedure are likely to be highly interdependent, we adopt a nested logit approach to capture their relationships and to characterize the prominent features of the various steps of the intervention decision. Our findings shed some light on the determinants of central bank interventions, on the so-called secrecy puzzle and on the identification of the variables influencing the detection of foreign exchange transactions by market traders.FX intervention, secrecy puzzle, market detection, nested logit

Designing Wiimprovisation for Mediation in Group Music Therapy with Children Suffering from Behavioral Disorders

International audienceWe present qualitative experimental evidence that the "Wiimprovisation" process of using Nintendo Wiimotes as virtual instruments linked to a musical sound system within the framework of Group Music Therapy sessions can provide effective psychodynamic mediation for patients. We designed and implemented specific modalities for movement-based sound control and tested our tool in two clinical settings with children (age 7 to 12) suffering from behavioral disorders. Our preliminary results show immediate acceptance of, long term motivation for and meaningful expression through our system by patients. Future work will focus on assessing the therapeutic potential of our platform's personalization features in a controlled experiment

First record of Grapevine Pinot gris virus infecting Vitis vinifera in the United Kingdom

Grapevine Pinot gris virus (GPGV) is a member of the genus Trichovirus, and was first identified in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) cv. Pinot Gris in Italy in 2012 (Giampetruzzi et al., 2012). Since then GPGV has been reported in several European countries as well as Australia, Canada, China, Korea and the USA (Bertazzon et al., 2016). In April 2017, a survey of four geographically separated vineyards in the UK was done to investigate the presence of GPGV. A dormant cane was sampled at random from each of the four locations (Pinot Noir clones 119, 336, 792 and 924, reciprocally grafted upon Gravesac, SO4 or 3309 Couderc rootstocks)

Matériaux isolants: Développement d'un produit expansé à base de cellulose

National audienceInsulation board market is largely dominated by mineral and iol based sources and presente a constant increase. Foamed products are expected to rise in the near future thanks to high performance products. However, the environmental impact is bad. As a consequence, WoTIM European project, funded by WoodWisdom–Net Research Program 2014, aims at developing insulation products based on cellulose obtained from wood. Two products are proposed: expending cellulose foam competing with polyurethane foams to be sprayed and boards of various dimensions. Thanks to highly porous and low density network, insulation performances are high. As an exemple, thermal conductivity as low as 0.035 W/K.m is obtained on under optimization products. During project, economic and environmental performance of products will be evaluated to propose competitive solutions. Partners are VTT in Finland; Holmen and Innventia in Sweden; Soprema and FCBA in France.Les matériaux d'isolation à base minérales ou issus de pétroressources sont actuellement les plus largement utilisés dans le monde et en croissance constante. Une augmentation est attendue dans le secteur de l'isolation à base de mousse plastique à cause de leurs hautes performances. Toutefois, d'un point de vue environnemental et durabilité, cette tendance est problématique. WoTIM, projet européen WoodWisdom–Net Research Programme 2014, propose de développer des matériaux d'isolation, à base de cellulose issue du bois, sous forme de mousses expansives ou panneaux. Grace à cette structure de très faible densité, les propriétés d'isolation sont augmentées en créant des espaces d'air dans une matrice. Le meilleur de ces démonstrateurs, en cours d'optimisation, présente une conductivité thermique de 0.035 W/K.m, illustrant ainsi la bonne performance de ces nouveaux produits d'isolation cellulosiques qui rivalise avec les produits courants issus de laine minérale

Experimental Investigation of Spray Combustion Regimes in Aero-Engine Combustors

At ONERA Fauga-Mauzac center, a new air-breathing propulsion test setup, Prométhée-LACOM, has been recently developed. In this paper, both non-reacting and reacting two-phase flows were investigated. In reacting two-phase flow, simultaneous OH-PLIF and Mie scattering imaging were implemented in order to characterize the flame structure. The different behaviours observed in this study seem to support the existence of spray combustion regimes. Moreover, statistical analysis were performed on the spatial distribution of droplets and indicated that the centre-to-centre inter-droplet distance (nearest neighbour) could be described by means of a Log-Normal distribution

First report of Grapevine fanleaf virus infecting grapevine in the United Kingdom

The UK wine industry is a fast-growing sector and in 2015 an area of c. 2,000 hectares had been planted with vines from which over five million bottles of wine were produced (Wine and Spirit Trade Association Market Overview, 2016). It is important to monitor the phytosanitary status of vines to ensure the sustainability of the industry in the UK

Anti-melanocortin-4 receptor autoantibodies in obesity

Background: The melanocortin-4 receptor (MC4R) is part of an important pathway regulating energy balance. Here we report the existence of autoantibodies (autoAbs) against the MC4R in sera of obese patients. Methods: The autoAbs were detected after screening of 216 patients' sera by using direct and inhibition ELISA with an N-terminal sequence of the MC4R. Binding to the native MC4R was evaluated by flow cytometry and pharmacological effects by measuring adenylyl cyclase activity. Results: Positive results in all tests were obtained in patients with overweight or obesity (prevalence: 3.6%) but not in normal weight patients. The selective binding properties of anti-MC4R autoAbs were confirmed by surface plasmon resonance and by immunoprecipitation with the native MC4R. Finally it was demonstrated that these autoAbs increased food intake in rats after passive transfer via intracerebroventricular injection. Conclusion: These observations suggest that inhibitory anti-MC4R autoAbs might contribute to the development of obesity in a small subpopulation of patients

Experimental and Numerical Study of High-Altitude Ignition of a Turbojet Combustor

This paper aims at contributing to the methodology used for the numerical prediction of ignition inside a combustion chamber. For this purpose, experiments are carried out in a model combustor with improved optical access. Laser tomography and high-speed video give a first insight of the unsteady airflow and the flame structure. Laser Doppler Anemometry is used to measure the gas flow velocity field, and the non-reactive two-phase flow is studied in detail using Particle Doppler Analysis. The velocity field of the burning spray is measured using Particle Image Velocimetry. Ignition tests are performed to evaluate the minimum global equivalence ratio. This in-depth database is used to validate RANS simulations conducted in parallel using ONERA CFD code CEDRE. The numerical model for transient, spherical kernel ignition, proposed in previous work, has been improved and fully implemented in CEDRE. A first parametric study on a basic configuration has been partially validated for gaseous, monodisperse and polydisperse two-phase mixtures, and gives a better understanding of the first stages of flame propagation. This model is then used in combination with CEDRE to estimate the ignition probability of given spark- plug positions in the model combustor