Tension-compression asymmetry modelling: strategies for anisotropy parameters identification

This work presents details concerning the strategies and algorithms adopted in the fully implicit FE solver DD3IMP to model the orthotropic behavior of metallic sheets and the procedure for anisotropy parameters identification. The work is focused on the yield criterion developed by Cazacu, Plunkett and Barlat, 2006 [ 1], which accounts for both tension-compression asymmetry and orthotropic plastic behavior. The anisotropy parameters for a 2090-T3 aluminum alloy are identified accounting, or not, for the tension-compression asymmetry. The numerical simulation of a cup drawing is performed for this material, highlighting the importance of considering tension-compression asymmetry in the prediction of the earing profile, for materials with cubic structure, even if this phenomenon is relatively small.- The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support of the Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) under projects with reference PTDC/EMS-TEC/0702/2014 and PTDC/EMS-TEC/6400/2014. The first author is also grateful to the FCT for the PhD grant SFRH/BD/98545/2013.info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersio

MAKING AND LANGUAGE: MAKER EDUCATION AND SITUATED LANGUAGE ACQUISITION

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Cigarette Smoke Initiates Oxidative Stress-Induced Cellular Phenotypic Modulation Leading to Cerebral Aneurysm Pathogenesis.

OBJECTIVE: Cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) is a risk factor for cerebral aneurysm (CA) formation, but the molecular mechanisms are unclear. Although CSE is known to contribute to excess reactive oxygen species generation, the role of oxidative stress on vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) phenotypic modulation and pathogenesis of CAs is unknown. The goal of this study was to investigate whether CSE activates a NOX (NADPH oxidase)-dependent pathway leading to VSMC phenotypic modulation and CA formation and rupture. APPROACH AND RESULTS: In cultured cerebral VSMCs, CSE increased expression of NOX1 and reactive oxygen species which preceded upregulation of proinflammatory/matrix remodeling genes (MCP-1, MMPs [matrix metalloproteinase], TNF-α, IL-1β, NF-κB, KLF4 [Kruppel-like factor 4]) and downregulation of contractile genes (SM-α-actin [smooth muscle α actin], SM-22α [smooth muscle 22α], SM-MHC [smooth muscle myosin heavy chain]) and myocardin. Inhibition of reactive oxygen species production and knockdown of NOX1 with siRNA or antisense decreased CSE-induced upregulation of NOX1 and inflammatory genes and downregulation of VSMC contractile genes and myocardin. p47phox-/- NOX knockout mice, or pretreatment with the NOX inhibitor, apocynin, significantly decreased CA formation and rupture compared with controls. NOX1 protein and mRNA expression were similar in p47phox-/- mice and those pretreated with apocynin but were elevated in unruptured and ruptured CAs. CSE increased CA formation and rupture, which was diminished with apocynin pretreatment. Similarly, NOX1 protein and mRNA and reactive oxygen species were elevated by CSE, and in unruptured and ruptured CAs. CONCLUSIONS: CSE initiates oxidative stress-induced phenotypic modulation of VSMCs and CA formation and rupture. These molecular changes implicate oxidative stress in the pathogenesis of CAs and may provide a potential target for future therapeutic strategies

Student Perspectives on Online Writing Courses in the Graduate School of Law, Nagoya University

The COVID-19 pandemic forced educational institutions to shift to remote platforms in order to maintain continuity in student learning. The results of such a major transition appear mixed in the literature but are still coming in for those interested in educational development and the use of technology in designing a learning environment. The purpose of this paper is to provide additional data based on how students perceived their online experience after taking a writing course provided through the Graduate School of Law (GSL) at Nagoya University. The study employs descriptive analysis from the results of a simple 3-point Likert scale questionnaire given to 51 graduate students who participated in three different cohorts from 2020-2023. Results indicate that students had a mixed, but positive, view of their remote learning experience relative to a typical face-to-face (F2F) class, and a strongly favorable view compared to other online courses (OLC). The results of such data assists in understanding what the strengths and weaknesses are in digital platforms so that educators and their institutions can be better prepared when another emergency (of any scale) compels their schools to fully shift over to such platforms.departmental bulletin pape

Accuracy of user-adjusted axial length measurements by optical biometry in eyes having combined phacovitrectomy for macular-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment

PURPOSE: To evaluate the accuracy of user-adjusted axial length measured by optical biometry (OB) for intraocular lens (IOL) power calculations in eyes having combined phacovitrectomy for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD). SETTING: Department of Ophthalmology, Calderdale Royal Hospital, Halifax, UK. DESIGN: Prospective Retrospective case series review of 22 consecutive eyes that underwent phacovitrectomy for macula-off RRD. METHODS: Axial lengths (ALs) were measured using OB with user adjustment to identify a posterior peak corresponding to the eye’s AL and ultrasound (US). These measurements were compared and analysed for accuracy to each other and the accurate indication of the eye’s AL. RESULTS: User-adjusted OB was similar to US and post-operative OB measurements. There was no statistically significant difference between the means of the AL measurements derived from user-adjusted OB and ultrasound AL (p=0.964). User-adjusted OB was not statistically significantly different to post-operative OB (p=0.242). Compared to postoperative OB, IOL power was within 0.5 Dioptre in 12 out of 13 cases (92%; 95% confidence interval (77.8%, 100.0%) for user-adjusted OB, and in only 10 out of 13 cases (77%; 95% confidence interval (54.0%, 99.8%) of US measurements. CONCLUSIONS: User-adjusted OB may be used as an alternative method for the measurement of AL in macula-off RRD for primary repair by combined phacovitrectomy. OB will, however, require assessment of agreement with US AL in cases where a posterior peak is not easily identifiable. We have also shown that user-adjusted OB may outperform US AL when calculating IOL power; however, a larger study may be needed to confirm thi

Dropping Eggs and Changing Linguistic Dynamics with CLIL -Tertiary Maker Education-

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Online and Remote Learning in the Graduate School of Law, Nagoya University: The Importance of Design, Accessibility, Reliability, and Need（DARN）

The trend toward digital or virtual learning platforms has been increasing over the last two decades, and the recent pandemic has only further compelled educators and students to shift into such settings, but not without a lot of concerns. This paper aims to describe and recommend ways to lessen some of the frustrations that faculty and students may find with such learning platforms. While initial investments in time, money, and resources can be high, the long terms results show sustainable progress in meeting the needs of students. As such, the paper describes the online and remote learning approaches to improve the overall coherency of academic writing in the Graduate School of Law at Nagoya University. The paper addresses the problem of improving class interaction such venues because this remains one of the complaints aimed at remote learning. Rather than simply being a showcase, the paper suggests ways to mitigate the lack of social-interaction by considering the purpose of the design, accessibility, reliability, and the needs of the students (DARN) to ensure that the remote experience is as effective as the face-to-face classroom experience.departmental bulletin pape

Jeu Des Sylphes : Morceau De Salon

https://digitalcommons.library.umaine.edu/mmb-ps/3542/thumbnail.jp

DESIGN MATTERS: COURSE DOCUMENT DESIGN’S EFFECT ON LANGUAGE LEARNERS’ PERCEPTIONS

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Incidental News Exposure and Algorithmic Governance of Social Media Platforms in Ambient Journalism

The emergence of social media platforms as the leading platform for people to access news has brought essential changes in journalism. People encounter news in a diffuse news environment. The news algorithmic distribution of social media platforms determines the content ecology of people's chance encounter with news, and the problems of information overload, information cocoon, vulgar news, and so on brought by news algorithmic distribution are becoming increasingly prominent. Algorithmic governance as a trend is unstoppable. This study adopts a qualitative research method to focus on the challenges and governance of the algorithmic distribution of news in social media to provide lessons for establishing an excellent online news ecosystem and promoting efficient management of cyberspace