Civil Use of Social Media Technology in Health Professional Education

Session presented on Saturday, July 23, 2016: Purpose: Uncivil and discourteous use of social media technology, such as Facebook, blogs or wikis, online courses with discussion boards, chat rooms, or emails, is a global and pervasive concern among general college populations. Despite the high prevalence of online incivility, little is known about the phenomenon including its contexts, conditions, and consequences among health professional students and educators. The creation and maintenance of a civil learning environment is particularly important because incivility is likely to interfere with educators\u27 ability to communicate with students while negatively affecting student learning processes and outcomes (Altmiller, 2012; Clark, Ahten, & Werth, 2012). The purpose of this integrative review study was to describe main conceptual environments surrounding the phenomenon of online incivility and contribute to the current knowledge base by updating the literature and recommending guidelines and future directions for health professional educators. Methods: Publications from January 2000 to May 2015 were retrieved through CINAHL, ERIC, Embase, and PubMed (MEDLINE) databases, with the last search made in June 2015. Extensive literature searches were conducted to locate published materials related to cyberincivility in health-related disciplines (i.e. medicine, nursing, and allied health). Various key terms and their combinations were used. Hand and ancestry searches were also conducted. The framework of the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) statement (Moher et al., 2009) was used to guide the review process. Results: The systematic screening process yielded 11 articles dating from November 2007 to May-June 2015. Studies involved more than 2,000 subjects (n = 2,065) from various health-related disciplines. Of the 11 studies, seven were undertaken in the U.S., one was conducted in the U.S. and Canada, and the other three were undertaken in Brazil, Canada, and the United Kingdom. The most frequently used research method was a non-experimental design that included surveys (n = 9), focus groups (n = 1), and mixed-methods studies (n=1). Various cyber environments were investigated. Of the 11 studies, two articles discussed the indirect effect of cyberincivility, such as personal risk and the possible negative perception of the student\u27s school or profession. Five studies discussed actions that students, educators, or institutions took or felt should be taken. Consequences reported as a result of uncivil or unprofessional behavior were a broad spectrum of actions that ranged from informal warnings to dismissals. Conclusion: Strong evidence exists that health professional students share potentially uncivil content on social media while both students and educators are experiencing incivility in online environments. Although what constitutes uncivil or unprofessional online behavior is debatable, mutual understanding as to which behaviors are acceptable and what is considered \u27uncivil\u27 in the online environment is of importance. Cyberincivility has a negative impact on students\u27 learning processes and outcomes as well as on the quality of education. If clear policies and guidelines are not available, educators and schools are likely to react passively, or they might over-react rather than promote a civil culture in a consistent and respectful way. Future studies need to determine the effectiveness of an academic curriculum that fosters cybercivility (Rocha & de Castro, 2014) and the positive impact of implementing policies and guidelines (Nyangeni et al., 2015). Future research also should expand on the development and evaluation of effective preventative interventions. Taken together, it is essential to create and foster civility environments in order to actively prevent cyberincivility

The prevalence and effect of burnout on graduate healthcare students

Burnout is a growing epidemic among professional healthcare students. Unaddressed burnout has been shown to have psychological and performance related detriments. The purpose of this scoping literature review was to investigate the prevalence of burnout and its effects on the psychological, professional, empathetic ability, and academic acuity of graduate healthcare students. Inclusion criteria included English language papers published within the last 10 years and subjects in graduate healthcare professional programs. This search encompassed 8,214 articles. After title and abstract screening, 127 articles remained and were sorted into five domains of interest: etiology, professionalism, mental health, empathy, and academic performance. After duplicates were removed, 27 articles remained for the scoping review. Graduate level healthcare students had higher levels of burnout than age matched peers and the general population. The high prevalence of burnout within graduate healthcare students can have an effect on their mental health, empathy, and professional conduct. Understanding the occurrence and effects of burnout within graduate healthcare programs allows faculty and administration to plan curriculum, and provide information to students to understand, recognize, and create opportunities to decrease burnout in order to create long lasting quality clinicians

Anterior Cruciate Ligament Return to Sport after Injury Scale (ACL-RSI) Scores over Time After Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction: A Systematic Review with Meta-analysis

Background: Psychological readiness is an important consideration for athletes and clinicians when making return to sport decisions following anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction (ACLR). To improve our understanding of the extent of deficits in psychological readiness, a systematic review is necessary. Objective: To investigate psychological readiness (measured via the Anterior Cruciate Ligament-Return to Sport after Injury scale (ACL-RSI)) over time after ACL tear and understand if time between injury and surgery, age, and sex are associated with ACL-RSI scores. Methods: Seven databases were searched from the earliest date available to March 22, 2022. Articles reporting ACL-RSI scores after ACL tear were included. Risk of bias was assessed using the ROBINS-I, RoB-2, and RoBANS tools based on the study design. Evidence certainty was assessed for each analysis. Random-effects meta-analyses pooled ACL-RSI scores, stratified by time post-injury and based on treatment approach (i.e., early ACLR, delayed ACLR, and unclear approach). Results: A total of 83 studies were included in this review (78% high risk of bias). Evidence certainty was ‘weak’ or ‘limited’ for all analyses. Overall, ACL-RSI scores were higher at 3 to 6 months post-ACLR (mean = 61.5 [95% confidence interval (CI) 58.6, 64.4], I2 = 94%) compared to pre-ACLR (mean = 44.4 [95% CI 38.2, 50.7], I2 = 98%), remained relatively stable, until they reached the highest point 2 to 5 years after ACLR (mean = 70.7 [95% CI 63.0, 78.5], I2 = 98%). Meta-regression suggests shorter time from injury to surgery, male sex, and older age were associated with higher ACL-RSI scores only 3 to 6 months post-ACLR (heterogeneity explained R2 = 47.6%), and this reduced 1–2 years after ACLR (heterogeneity explained R2 = 27.0%). Conclusion: Psychological readiness to return to sport appears to improve early after ACL injury, with little subsequent improvement until ≥ 2-years after ACLR. Longer time from injury to surgery, female sex and older age might be negatively related to ACL-RSI scores 12–24 months after ACLR. Due to the weak evidence quality rating and the considerable importance of psychological readiness for long-term outcomes after ACL injury, there is an urgent need for well-designed studies that maximize internal validity and identify additional prognostic factors for psychological readiness at times critical for return to sport decisions. Registration: Open Science Framework (OSF), https://osf.io/2tezs/

Experiences of Black Men Living with HIV in the Rural Southern United States: A Scoping Review

This scoping review will provide a description of and identify gaps in the literature related to the experiences of Black men living with HIV in the rural southern US. According to our current searchers, there are no systematic or scoping reviews that address the experiences of Black men living with HIV in the rural southern United States. Existing reviews addressing the experiences of Black men living with HIV in the southern US are predominately comprised of studies conducted in metropolitan areas. Investigations of the literature, using a nursing science approach will be useful for informing nurses designed policies, research,and the development of preventative and illness-focused treatments. Objective: What are the PICO components of the review question / objective? P:Black men living with HIV in the rural southern United States I: Interviews, narratives C: Given the scoping nature of this review, we will include all qualitative, quantitative and mixed method studies. O: The aim of this review is to illuminate an understanding of the overall landscape of the experiences of Black men living with HIV in the rural southern United States

Quality Assessment and Risk of Bias Tool Repository

A resource for finding and selecting a risk of bias or quality assessment tool for evidence synthesis projects. This project was created and is maintained by Duke University's Medical Center Library & Archives

Cancer Stigma Study in Africa

A scoping review of studies related to the experiences of cancer-related stigma among people living with and being screened for cancer in Africa. The review also includes studies of stigma related to cancer screening and broader health issues with strong relevance to cancer stigma and participants who are cancer patients

Suicide Prevention Interventions in Africa: A Scoping Review

suicide prevention Afric