Analysing development to shape the future

This article links theory and politics in a systematic way by proposing Is-Shall-Do as a didactical model for analysing a concrete conjuncture, relating it to the desired future in the form of a concrete utopia. Aware of structural limits and potential space of manoeuvre for political agency adequate practical steps to implement the concrete utopia are elaborated. The paper is divided in a first section which exposes three interwoven aspects of development: the the idea of a good life, the complexity and multi-dimensionality of development and the relationship of knowledge and power. Section two exposes the model of Is-Shall-Do abstractly, while section 3 exemplifies it by exposing the challenges for the European left. The analysis of conjuncture as a concrete analysis of a concrete situation is centred in Europe today on the topic of inequality produced by finance-based accumulation. As the concrete utopia of a good life , the authors propose the values of the French revolution, freedom, equality and solidarity which are unfulfilled promises of European development. The paper ends with a plea for organising democratic and egalitarian alternatives. (...) (authors' abstract)Series: SRE - Discussion Paper

Fluorescence in situ hybridization of YAC clones after Alu-PCR amplification

Alu-PCR protocols were optimized for the generation of human DNA probes from yeast strains containing yeast artificial chromosomes (YACs) with human inserts between 100 and 800 kb in size. The resulting DNA probes were used in chromosome in situ suppression (CISS) hybridization experiments. Strong fluorescent signals on both chromatids indicated the localization of specific YAC clones, while two clearly distinguishable signals were observed in ≥90% of diploid nuclei Signal intensities were generally comparable to those observed using chromosome-specific alphoid DNA probes. This approach will facilitate the rapid mapping of YAC clones and their use in chromosome analysis at all stages of the cell cycle

Characterization of two marker chromosomes in a patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia by two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization

A patient with acute nonlymphocytic leukemia (ANLL), M5b according to French-American-British (FAB) classification, showed monosomy 16, an extra 1p−, and a 21q+. These derivative chromosomes could not be defined by GTG-banding. For better characterization, we performed two-color fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) experiments applying DNA libraries from sorted human chromosomes, chromosome-specific repetitive probes, and a band-specific YAC-clone. With these FISH studies the karyotype could be characterized as 46,XY,+der(1)t(1;21)(p11;?),−16,der(21)t(16;21)(p11.1;q22)

Motives and influencing factors of corporate regional engagement: industry and company specific patterns

Traditionally, regional endowments are viewed as external variables when it comes to location choices of companies. In most concepts on location choices and regional economics companies are thought to view the local labour market, the local innovation system or the general quality of life in a region as given and chose the location that best suits the company’s needs. Increasingly however, scholars from different research fields are providing arguments to reverse that view and show that there can be good reasons for a company to engage in improving its location despite implicit externalities. In this paper we try to systematically analyse issue of corporate engagement in regions. We will show how strong and in which fields companies engage in their respective region, how this engagement can be related to their existing regional integration and what differences appear between industries and types of companies in this respect. In this study we draw upon extensive interviews with over thirty companies from three industrial sectors in the Austrian region of Styria: the metals industry, which dates back to medieval times and has gone through a deep process of economic restructuring, the automotive industry, the first industry in which a comprehensive cluster policy approach was applied in Austria and the software industry, a rather young industry that experienced high growth rates in the past years. We will conclude that even though there are differences between the industries and types of companies in terms of scope and scale of regional integration and regional engagement, there is a strong correlation between the two: the higher the regional integration, the higher corporate regional engagement and vice versa.

Painting of human chromosomes with probes generated from hybrid cell lines by PCR with Alu and L1 primers

Specific amplification of human sequences of up to several kb length has recently been accomplished in man-hamster and man-mouse somatic hybrid cell DNA by IRS-PCR (interspersed repetitive sequence — polymerase chain reaction). This approach is based on oligonucleotide primers that anneal specifically to human Alu- or L1-sequences and allows the amplification of any human sequences located between adequately spaced, inverted Alu- or L1-blocks. Here, we demonstrate that probe pools generated from two somatic hybrid cell lines by Alu- and L1-PCR can be used for chromosome painting in normal human lymphocyte metaphase spreads by chromosomal in situ suppression (CISS-) hybridization. The painted chromosomes and chromosome subregions directly represent the content of normal and deleted human chromosomes in the two somatic hybrid cell lines. The combination of IRS-PCR and CISS-hybridization will facilitate and improve the cytogenetic analysis of somatic hybrid cell panels, in particular, in cases where structurally aberrant human chromosomes or human chromosome segments involved in interspecies translocations cannot be unequivocally identified by classical banding techniques. Moreover, this new approach will help to generate probe pools for the specific delineation of human chromosome subregions for use in cytogenetic diagnostics and research without the necessity of cloning

{BiQ} Analyzer {HiMod}: An Interactive Software Tool for High-throughput Locus-specific Analysis of 5-Methylcytosine and its Oxidized Derivatives

Recent data suggest important biological roles for oxidative modifications of methylated cytosines, specifically hydroxymethylation, formylation and carboxylation. Several assays are now available for profiling these DNA modifications genome-wide as well as in targeted, locus-specific settings. Here we present BiQ Analyzer HiMod, a user-friendly software tool for sequence alignment, quality control and initial analysis of locus-specific DNA modification data. The software supports four different assay types, and it leads the user from raw sequence reads to DNA modification statistics and publication-quality plots. BiQ Analyzer HiMod combines well-established graphical user interface of its predecessor tool, BiQ Analyzer HT, with new and extended analysis modes. BiQ Analyzer HiMod also includes updates of the analysis workspace, an intuitive interface, a custom vector graphics engine and support of additional input and output data formats. The tool is freely available as a stand-alone installation package from http://biq-analyzer-himod.bioinf.mpi-inf.mpg.de/