Spiral Defects in Motility Assays: A Measure of Motor Protein Force

In a commonly used motility assay, cytoskeletal filaments are observed as they glide over a surface coated with motor proteins. Defects in the motion frequently interrupt the flow of filaments. Examination of one such defect, in which a filament adopts a spiral form and rotates about a fixed point, provides a simple measure of the force exerted by the motor proteins. We demonstrate the universality of this approach by estimating the elementary forces of both myosin and kinesin

Treatment Preferences of Adult Patients with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder – A Discrete Choice Experiment

Jeff Schein,1 Martin Cloutier,2 Marjolaine Gauthier-Loiselle,2 Maryaline Catillon,3 Yan Meng,4 Beatrice Libchaber,2 Fanny Jiang,2 Ann Childress5 1Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc, Princeton, NJ, USA; 2Analysis Group, Inc, Montréal, QC, Canada; 3Analysis Group, Inc, New York, NY, USA; 4Analysis Group, Inc, London, UK; 5Center for Psychiatry and Behavioral Medicine, Las Vegas, NV, USACorrespondence: Maryaline Catillon, Analysis Group, Inc, 151 West 42nd Street, 23rd Floor, New York, NY, 10036, USA, Tel +1 857 222 6863, Email [email protected]: Understanding patient preferences for treatments may facilitate shared decision-making. This study assessed adult patient preferences for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) treatments in a sample of 600 patients in the United States (US).Methods: A web-based discrete choice experiment (DCE) survey was conducted among treated adults with ADHD. Participants were recruited from Dynata’s US panel (06/22/2023-07/06/2023). Attributes and levels, identified based on clinical inputs and published data, included efficacy and safety. Participants’ preferences were estimated using conditional logistic regression. Willingness to trade-off and attributes’ relative importance were calculated. Overall preferences for treatment profiles approximating centanafadine, lisdexamfetamine, atomoxetine, and viloxazine were estimated using adjusted total utilities. Results were stratified by current treatment status. Sensitivity analyses including participants who passed validity tests were conducted.Results: Among the 600 participants (mean age 37.9 years; 66.2% female; 50.8% treated), all attributes had a statistically significant impact on preferences for ADHD treatments (p 60% of relative importance in decision-making. Participants were willing to forgo 0.59, 0.57, 0.49, 0.32, and 0.17 percentage points of symptom improvement to achieve one-percentage-point reduced risk of insomnia, nausea, anxiety, feeling jittery, and dry mouth, respectively. Centanafadine profile had consistently higher adjusted total utilities than its comparators. Similar results were obtained in the subgroup and sensitivity analyses.Conclusion: Efficacy was the most important attribute for patients when making treatment decision, but taken together, AEs had greater relative importance than efficacy alone. Accordingly, a profile resembling that of centanafadine would be preferred by an average patient compared to key competitors due to its favorable safety profile. These findings may help improve treatment decision-making, enhance treatment satisfaction, and foster adherence.Keywords: ADHD, decision-making, discrete choice experiment, patient-centered care, patient satisfaction, patient preference, utilit

ROTON SECOND SOUND AND THE ROTON-ROTON INTERACTION POTENTIAL

Nous avons mesuré la vitesse et l'absorption du second son de rotons dans sa région d'existence à haute pression (25/bars) et basse temperature (autour de 0, 5 K). Les mesures d'absorption nous donnent la fréquence de collision roton-roton. Cette fréquence de collision est en bon accord avec celle obtenue par d'autres mesures à plus haute température, compte tenu de la modification du nombre de rotons. Afin d'expliquer la grande valeur obtenue, qui n'était pas bien comprise, nous proposons un nouveau potentiel d'interaction entre rotons, qui prend en compte l'échange de rotons virtuels entre eux. Nous obtenons alors un très bon accord avec l'expérience sans l'aide d'aucun paramètre ajustable.We have measured the roton second sound velocity and absorption at high pressure and low temperature. The absorption measurements give a roton-roton collision frequency in good agreement with the previous measurements at higher temperature. In order to explain its value, we have built a new interaction potential between rotons, taking into account the exchange of virtual rotons between them. We then obtain a very good agreement with the experiment without any adjustable parameter

Onde thermique dans l'hélium 4 cubique centré

In body centered cubic helium 4 between 1.4 K and 1.8 K and very close to the solid-liquid transition, we observe the propagation of a heat pulse of velocity about 100 m/s. It is difficult to relate it to the propagation of a second sound wave because of possible Umklapp processes. We propose various possible mechanisms for this effect.Dans l'hélium 4 cubique centré, entre 1,4 K et 1,8 K, et près de la transition solide-liquide, nous observons la propagation d'une impulsion de chaleur, qu'il est difficile de relier théoriquement à un mode de deuxième son